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path: root/src/backend/access/gist/gistvacuum.c
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* Improve the generation memory allocatorDavid Rowley2022-04-04
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Here we make a series of improvements to the generation memory allocator, namely: 1. Allow generation contexts to have a minimum, initial and maximum block sizes. The standard allocator allows this already but when the generation context was added, it only allowed fixed-sized blocks. The problem with fixed-sized blocks is that it's difficult to choose how large to make the blocks. If the chosen size is too small then we'd end up with a large number of blocks and a large number of malloc calls. If the block size is made too large, then memory is wasted. 2. Add support for "keeper" blocks. This is a special block that is allocated along with the context itself but is never freed. Instead, when the last chunk in the keeper block is freed, we simply mark the block as empty to allow new allocations to make use of it. 3. Add facility to "recycle" newly empty blocks instead of freeing them and having to later malloc an entire new block again. We do this by recording a single GenerationBlock which has become empty of any chunks. When we run out of space in the current block, we check to see if there is a "freeblock" and use that if it contains enough space for the allocation. Author: David Rowley, Tomas Vondra Reviewed-by: Andy Fan Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/d987fd54-01f8-0f73-af6c-519f799a0ab8@enterprisedb.com
* Update copyright for 2022Bruce Momjian2022-01-07
| | | | Backpatch-through: 10
* VACUUM VERBOSE: Count "newly deleted" index pages.Peter Geoghegan2021-02-25
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Teach VACUUM VERBOSE to report on pages deleted by the _current_ VACUUM operation -- these are newly deleted pages. VACUUM VERBOSE continues to report on the total number of deleted pages in the entire index (no change there). The former is a subset of the latter. The distinction between each category of deleted index page only arises with index AMs where page deletion is supported and is decoupled from page recycling for performance reasons. This is follow-up work to commit e5d8a999, which made nbtree store 64-bit XIDs (not 32-bit XIDs) in pages at the point at which they're deleted. Note that the btm_last_cleanup_num_delpages metapage field added by that commit usually gets set to pages_newly_deleted. The exceptions (the scenarios in which they're not equal) all seem to be tricky cases for the implementation (of page deletion and recycling) in general. Author: Peter Geoghegan <pg@bowt.ie> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAH2-WznpdHvujGUwYZ8sihX%3Dd5u-tRYhi-F4wnV2uN2zHpMUXw%40mail.gmail.com
* Remove obsolete IndexBulkDeleteResult stats field.Peter Geoghegan2021-02-11
| | | | | | The pages_removed field is no longer used for anything. It hasn't been possible for an index to physically shrink since old-style VACUUM FULL was removed by commit 0a469c87.
* Update copyright for 2021Bruce Momjian2021-01-02
| | | | Backpatch-through: 9.5
* Delete empty pages in each pass during GIST VACUUM.Amit Kapila2020-01-13
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Earlier, we use to postpone deleting empty pages till the second stage of vacuum to amortize the cost of scanning internal pages. However, that can sometimes (say vacuum is canceled or errored between first and second stage) delay the pages to be recycled. Another thing is that to facilitate deleting empty pages in the second stage, we need to share the information about internal and empty pages between different stages of vacuum. It will be quite tricky to share this information via DSM which is required for the upcoming parallel vacuum patch. Also, it will bring the logic to reclaim deleted pages closer to nbtree where we delete empty pages in each pass. Overall, the advantages of deleting empty pages in each pass outweigh the advantages of postponing the same. Author: Dilip Kumar, with changes by Amit Kapila Reviewed-by: Sawada Masahiko and Amit Kapila Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAA4eK1LGr+MN0xHZpJ2dfS8QNQ1a_aROKowZB+MPNep8FVtwAA@mail.gmail.com
* Update copyrights for 2020Bruce Momjian2020-01-01
| | | | Backpatch-through: update all files in master, backpatch legal files through 9.4
* Revert "Rename files and headers related to index AM"Michael Paquier2019-12-27
| | | | | | | | This follows multiple complains from Peter Geoghegan, Andres Freund and Alvaro Herrera that this issue ought to be dug more before actually happening, if it happens. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20191226144606.GA5659@alvherre.pgsql
* Rename files and headers related to index AMMichael Paquier2019-12-25
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The following renaming is done so as source files related to index access methods are more consistent with table access methods (the original names used for index AMs ware too generic, and could be confused as including features related to table AMs): - amapi.h -> indexam.h. - amapi.c -> indexamapi.c. Here we have an equivalent with backend/access/table/tableamapi.c. - amvalidate.c -> indexamvalidate.c. - amvalidate.h -> indexamvalidate.h. - genam.c -> indexgenam.c. - genam.h -> indexgenam.h. This has been discussed during the development of v12 when table AM was worked on, but the renaming never happened. Author: Michael Paquier Reviewed-by: Fabien Coelho, Julien Rouhaud Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20191223053434.GF34339@paquier.xyz
* Fix memory leak introduced in commit 7df159a620.Amit Kapila2019-10-21
| | | | | | | | | | | | | We memorize all internal and empty leaf pages in the 1st vacuum stage for gist indexes. They are used in the 2nd stage, to delete all the empty pages. There was a memory context page_set_context for this purpose, but we never used it. Reported-by: Amit Kapila Author: Dilip Kumar Reviewed-by: Amit Kapila Backpatch-through: 12, where it got introduced Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAA4eK1LGr+MN0xHZpJ2dfS8QNQ1a_aROKowZB+MPNep8FVtwAA@mail.gmail.com
* Use full 64-bit XID for checking if a deleted GiST page is old enough.Heikki Linnakangas2019-07-24
| | | | | | | | | | | Otherwise, after a deleted page gets even older, it becomes unrecyclable again. B-tree has the same problem, and has had since time immemorial, but let's at least fix this in GiST, where this is new. Backpatch to v12, where GiST page deletion was introduced. Reviewed-by: Andrey Borodin Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/835A15A5-F1B4-4446-A711-BF48357EB602%40yandex-team.ru
* Phase 2 pgindent run for v12.Tom Lane2019-05-22
| | | | | | | | | Switch to 2.1 version of pg_bsd_indent. This formats multiline function declarations "correctly", that is with additional lines of parameter declarations indented to match where the first line's left parenthesis is. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAEepm=0P3FeTXRcU5B2W3jv3PgRVZ-kGUXLGfd42FFhUROO3ug@mail.gmail.com
* Fix bug in the GiST vacuum's 2nd stage.Heikki Linnakangas2019-03-22
| | | | | | | We mustn't assume that the IndexVacuumInfo pointer passed to bulkdelete() stage is still valid in the vacuumcleanup() stage. Per very pink buildfarm.
* Delete empty pages during GiST VACUUM.Heikki Linnakangas2019-03-22
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | To do this, we scan GiST two times. In the first pass we make note of empty leaf pages and internal pages. At second pass we scan through internal pages, looking for downlinks to the empty pages. Deleting internal pages is still not supported, like in nbtree, the last child of an internal page is never deleted. That means that if you have a workload where new keys are always inserted to different area than where old keys are removed, the index will still grow without bound. But the rate of growth will be an order of magnitude slower than before. Author: Andrey Borodin Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/B1E4DF12-6CD3-4706-BDBD-BF3283328F60@yandex-team.ru
* Scan GiST indexes in physical order during VACUUM.Heikki Linnakangas2019-03-05
| | | | | | | | | | | | Scanning an index in physical order is faster than walking it in logical order, because sequential I/O is faster than random I/O. The idea and code structure is borrowed from B-tree vacuum code. Patch by Andrey Borodin, with changes by me. Based on early work by Konstantin Kuznetsov, although the patch has been rewritten multiple times since his original version. Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/1B9FAC6F-FA19-4A24-8C1B-F4F574844892%40yandex-team.ru
* Update copyright for 2019Bruce Momjian2019-01-02
| | | | Backpatch-through: certain files through 9.4
* Make gistvacuumcleanup() count the actual number of index tuples.Tom Lane2018-03-02
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Previously, it just returned the heap tuple count, which might be only an estimate, and would be completely the wrong thing if the index is partial. Since this function scans every index page anyway to find free pages, it's practically free to count the surviving index tuples. Let's do that and return an accurate count. This is easily visible as a wrong reltuples value for a partial GiST index following VACUUM, so back-patch to all supported branches. Andrey Borodin, reviewed by Michail Nikolaev Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/151956654251.6915.675951950408204404.pgcf@coridan.postgresql.org
* Change some bogus PageGetLSN calls to BufferGetLSNAtomicAlvaro Herrera2018-01-09
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | As src/backend/access/transam/README says, PageGetLSN may only be called by processes holding either exclusive lock on buffer, or a shared lock on buffer plus buffer header lock. Therefore any place that only holds a shared buffer lock must use BufferGetLSNAtomic instead of PageGetLSN, which internally obtains buffer header lock prior to reading the LSN. A few callsites failed to comply with this rule. This was detected by running all tests under a new (not committed) assertion that verifies PageGetLSN locking contract. All but one of the callsites that failed the assertion are fixed by this patch. Remaining callsites were inspected manually and determined not to need any change. The exception (unfixed callsite) is in TestForOldSnapshot, which only has a Page argument, making it impossible to access the corresponding Buffer from it. Fixing that seems a much larger patch that will have to be done separately; and that's just as well, since it was only introduced in 9.6 and other bugs are much older. Some of these bugs are ancient; backpatch all the way back to 9.3. Authors: Jacob Champion, Asim Praveen, Ashwin Agrawal Reviewed-by: Michaël Paquier Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CABAq_6GXgQDVu3u12mK9O5Xt5abBZWQ0V40LZCE+oUf95XyNFg@mail.gmail.com
* Update copyright for 2018Bruce Momjian2018-01-02
| | | | Backpatch-through: certain files through 9.3
* Update copyright via script for 2017Bruce Momjian2017-01-03
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* Remove unused arguments in two GiST subroutinesAlvaro Herrera2016-06-28
| | | | | | | These arguments became unused in commit 2c03216d8311. Noticed while skimming code for unrelated development. This is cosmetic, so no backpatch.
* Revert no-op changes to BufferGetPage()Kevin Grittner2016-04-20
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The reverted changes were intended to force a choice of whether any newly-added BufferGetPage() calls needed to be accompanied by a test of the snapshot age, to support the "snapshot too old" feature. Such an accompanying test is needed in about 7% of the cases, where the page is being used as part of a scan rather than positioning for other purposes (such as DML or vacuuming). The additional effort required for back-patching, and the doubt whether the intended benefit would really be there, have indicated it is best just to rely on developers to do the right thing based on comments and existing usage, as we do with many other conventions. This change should have little or no effect on generated executable code. Motivated by the back-patching pain of Tom Lane and Robert Haas
* Modify BufferGetPage() to prepare for "snapshot too old" featureKevin Grittner2016-04-08
| | | | | | | | | | | This patch is a no-op patch which is intended to reduce the chances of failures of omission once the functional part of the "snapshot too old" patch goes in. It adds parameters for snapshot, relation, and an enum to specify whether the snapshot age check needs to be done for the page at this point. This initial patch passes NULL for the first two new parameters and BGP_NO_SNAPSHOT_TEST for the third. The follow-on patch will change the places where the test needs to be made.
* Restructure index access method API to hide most of it at the C level.Tom Lane2016-01-17
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This patch reduces pg_am to just two columns, a name and a handler function. All the data formerly obtained from pg_am is now provided in a C struct returned by the handler function. This is similar to the designs we've adopted for FDWs and tablesample methods. There are multiple advantages. For one, the index AM's support functions are now simple C functions, making them faster to call and much less error-prone, since the C compiler can now check function signatures. For another, this will make it far more practical to define index access methods in installable extensions. A disadvantage is that SQL-level code can no longer see attributes of index AMs; in particular, some of the crosschecks in the opr_sanity regression test are no longer possible from SQL. We've addressed that by adding a facility for the index AM to perform such checks instead. (Much more could be done in that line, but for now we're content if the amvalidate functions more or less replace what opr_sanity used to do.) We might also want to expose some sort of reporting functionality, but this patch doesn't do that. Alexander Korotkov, reviewed by Petr Jelínek, and rather heavily editorialized on by me.
* Update copyright for 2016Bruce Momjian2016-01-02
| | | | Backpatch certain files through 9.1
* Fix bug introduced by microvacuum for GiSTTeodor Sigaev2015-09-17
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Commit 013ebc0a7b7ea9c1b1ab7a3d4dd75ea121ea8ba7 introduces microvacuum for GiST, deletetion of tuple marked LP_DEAD uses IndexPageMultiDelete while recovery code uses IndexPageTupleDelete in loop. This causes a difference in offset numbers of tuples to delete. Patch introduces usage of IndexPageMultiDelete in GiST except gistplacetopage() where only one tuple is deleted at once. That also slightly improve performance, because IndexPageMultiDelete is more effective. Patch changes WAL format, so bump wal page magic. Bug report from Jeff Janes Diagnostic and patch by Anastasia Lubennikova and me
* Update copyright for 2015Bruce Momjian2015-01-06
| | | | Backpatch certain files through 9.0
* pgindent run for 9.4Bruce Momjian2014-05-06
| | | | | This includes removing tabs after periods in C comments, which was applied to back branches, so this change should not effect backpatching.
* Update copyright for 2014Bruce Momjian2014-01-07
| | | | | Update all files in head, and files COPYRIGHT and legal.sgml in all back branches.
* Remove PageSetTLI and rename pd_tli to pd_checksumSimon Riggs2013-03-18
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Remove use of PageSetTLI() from all page manipulation functions and adjust README to indicate change in the way we make changes to pages. Repurpose those bytes into the pd_checksum field and explain how that works in comments about page header. Refactoring ahead of actual feature patch which would make use of the checksum field, arriving later. Jeff Davis, with comments and doc changes by Simon Riggs Direction suggested by Robert Haas; many others providing review comments.
* Support unlogged GiST index.Heikki Linnakangas2013-02-11
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The reason this wasn't supported before was that GiST indexes need an increasing sequence to detect concurrent page-splits. In a regular WAL- logged GiST index, the LSN of the page-split record is used for that purpose, and in a temporary index, we can get away with a backend-local counter. Neither of those methods works for an unlogged relation. To provide such an increasing sequence of numbers, create a "fake LSN" counter that is saved and restored across shutdowns. On recovery, unlogged relations are blown away, so the counter doesn't need to survive that either. Jeevan Chalke, based on discussions with Robert Haas, Tom Lane and me.
* Make GiST indexes on-disk compatible with 9.2 again.Heikki Linnakangas2013-01-17
| | | | | | | | | | | The patch that turned XLogRecPtr into a uint64 inadvertently changed the on-disk format of GiST indexes, because the NSN field in the GiST page opaque is an XLogRecPtr. That breaks pg_upgrade. Revert the format of that field back to the two-field struct that XLogRecPtr was before. This is the same we did to LSNs in the page header to avoid changing on-disk format. Bump catversion, as this invalidates any existing GiST indexes built on 9.3devel.
* Update copyrights for 2013Bruce Momjian2013-01-01
| | | | | Fully update git head, and update back branches in ./COPYRIGHT and legal.sgml files.
* Remove obsolete XLogRecPtr macrosAlvaro Herrera2012-12-28
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This gets rid of XLByteLT, XLByteLE, XLByteEQ and XLByteAdvance. These were useful for brevity when XLogRecPtrs were split in xlogid/xrecoff; but now that they are simple uint64's, they are just clutter. The only downside to making this change would be ease of backporting patches, but that has been negated by other substantive changes to the involved code anyway. The clarity of simpler expressions makes the change worthwhile. Most of the changes are mechanical, but in a couple of places, the patch author chose to invert the operator sense, making the code flow more logical (and more in line with preceding comments). Author: Andres Freund Eyeballed by Dimitri Fontaine and Alvaro Herrera
* Assorted comment fixes, mostly just typos, but some obsolete statements.Tom Lane2012-01-29
| | | | YAMAMOTO Takashi
* Update copyright notices for year 2012.Bruce Momjian2012-01-01
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* Remove unnecessary #include references, per pgrminclude script.Bruce Momjian2011-09-01
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* Message style and spelling improvementsPeter Eisentraut2011-06-22
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* Clean up most -Wunused-but-set-variable warnings from gcc 4.6Peter Eisentraut2011-04-11
| | | | | | This warning is new in gcc 4.6 and part of -Wall. This patch cleans up most of the noise, but there are some still warnings that are trickier to remove.
* Stamp copyrights for year 2011.Bruce Momjian2011-01-01
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* Rewrite the GiST insertion logic so that we don't need the post-recoveryHeikki Linnakangas2010-12-23
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | cleanup stage to finish incomplete inserts or splits anymore. There was two reasons for the cleanup step: 1. When a new tuple was inserted to a leaf page, the downlink in the parent needed to be updated to contain (ie. to be consistent with) the new key. Updating the parent in turn might require recursively updating the parent of the parent. We now handle that by updating the parent while traversing down the tree, so that when we insert the leaf tuple, all the parents are already consistent with the new key, and the tree is consistent at every step. 2. When a page is split, we need to insert the downlink for the new right page(s), and update the downlink for the original page to not include keys that moved to the right page(s). We now handle that by setting a new flag, F_FOLLOW_RIGHT, on the non-rightmost pages in the split. When that flag is set, scans always follow the rightlink, regardless of the NSN mechanism used to detect concurrent page splits. That way the tree is consistent right after split, even though the downlink is still missing. This is very similar to the way B-tree splits are handled. When the downlink is inserted in the parent, the flag is cleared. To keep the insertion algorithm simple, when an insertion sees an incomplete split, indicated by the F_FOLLOW_RIGHT flag, it finishes the split before doing anything else. These changes allow removing the whole "invalid tuple" mechanism, but I retained the scan code to still follow invalid tuples correctly. While we don't create any such tuples anymore, we want to handle them gracefully in case you pg_upgrade a GiST index that has them. If we encounter any on an insert, though, we just throw an error saying that you need to REINDEX. The issue that got me into doing this is that if you did a checkpoint while an insert or split was in progress, and the checkpoint finishes quickly so that there is no WAL record related to the insert between RedoRecPtr and the checkpoint record, recovery from that checkpoint would not know to finish the incomplete insert. IOW, we have the same issue we solved with the rm_safe_restartpoint mechanism during normal operation too. It's highly unlikely to happen in practice, and this fix is far too large to backpatch, so we're just going to live with in previous versions, but this refactoring fixes it going forward. With this patch, you don't get the annoying 'index "FOO" needs VACUUM or REINDEX to finish crash recovery' notices anymore if you crash at an unfortunate moment.
* Generalize concept of temporary relations to "relation persistence".Robert Haas2010-12-13
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This commit replaces pg_class.relistemp with pg_class.relpersistence; and also modifies the RangeVar node type to carry relpersistence rather than istemp. It also removes removes rd_istemp from RelationData and instead performs the correct computation based on relpersistence. For clarity, we add three new macros: RelationNeedsWAL(), RelationUsesLocalBuffers(), and RelationUsesTempNamespace(), so that we can clarify the purpose of each check that previous depended on rd_istemp. This is intended as infrastructure for the upcoming unlogged tables patch, as well as for future possible work on global temporary tables.
* The GiST scan algorithm uses LSNs to detect concurrent pages splits, butHeikki Linnakangas2010-11-16
| | | | | | | | | | | | | temporary indexes are not WAL-logged. We used a constant LSN for temporary indexes, on the assumption that we don't need to worry about concurrent page splits in temporary indexes because they're only visible to the current session. But that assumption is wrong, it's possible to insert rows and split pages in the same session, while a scan is in progress. For example, by opening a cursor and fetching some rows, and INSERTing new rows before fetching some more. Fix by generating fake increasing LSNs, used in place of real LSNs in temporary GiST indexes.
* Remove cvs keywords from all files.Magnus Hagander2010-09-20
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* Remove some more dead VACUUM-FULL-only code.Tom Lane2010-02-08
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* Remove old-style VACUUM FULL (which was known for a little while asTom Lane2010-02-08
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | VACUUM FULL INPLACE), along with a boatload of subsidiary code and complexity. Per discussion, the use case for this method of vacuuming is no longer large enough to justify maintaining it; not to mention that we don't wish to invest the work that would be needed to make it play nicely with Hot Standby. Aside from the code directly related to old-style VACUUM FULL, this commit removes support for certain WAL record types that could only be generated within VACUUM FULL, redirect-pointer removal in heap_page_prune, and nontransactional generation of cache invalidation sinval messages (the last being the sticking point for Hot Standby). We still have to retain all code that copes with finding HEAP_MOVED_OFF and HEAP_MOVED_IN flag bits on existing tuples. This can't be removed as long as we want to support in-place update from pre-9.0 databases.
* Update copyright for the year 2010.Bruce Momjian2010-01-02
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* 8.4 pgindent run, with new combined Linux/FreeBSD/MinGW typedef listBruce Momjian2009-06-11
| | | | provided by Andrew.
* Improve the IndexVacuumInfo/IndexBulkDeleteResult API to allow somewhat saneTom Lane2009-06-06
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | behavior in cases where we don't know the heap tuple count accurately; in particular partial vacuum, but this also makes the API a bit more useful for ANALYZE. This patch adds "estimated_count" flags to both structs so that an approximate count can be flagged as such, and adjusts the logic so that approximate counts are not used for updating pg_class.reltuples. This fixes my previous complaint that VACUUM was putting ridiculous values into pg_class.reltuples for indexes. The actual impact of that bug is limited, because the planner only pays attention to reltuples for an index if the index is partial; which probably explains why beta testers hadn't noticed a degradation in plan quality from it. But it needs to be fixed. The whole thing is a bit messy and should be redesigned in future, because reltuples now has the potential to drift quite far away from reality when a long period elapses with no non-partial vacuums. But this is as good as it's going to get for 8.4.
* Implement "fastupdate" support for GIN indexes, in which we try to accumulateTom Lane2009-03-24
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | multiple index entries in a holding area before adding them to the main index structure. This helps because bulk insert is (usually) significantly faster than retail insert for GIN. This patch also removes GIN support for amgettuple-style index scans. The API defined for amgettuple is difficult to support with fastupdate, and the previously committed partial-match feature didn't really work with it either. We might eventually figure a way to put back amgettuple support, but it won't happen for 8.4. catversion bumped because of change in GIN's pg_am entry, and because the format of GIN indexes changed on-disk (there's a metapage now, and possibly a pending list). Teodor Sigaev
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