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* Fix some incorrect preprocessor tests in tuplesort specializationsDavid Rowley2022-05-11
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 697492434 added 3 new quicksort specialization functions for common datatypes. That commit was not very consistent in how it would determine if we're compiling for 32-bit or 64-bit machines. It would sometimes use USE_FLOAT8_BYVAL and at other times check if SIZEOF_DATUM == 8. This could cause theoretical problems due to the way USE_FLOAT8_BYVAL is now defined based on SIZEOF_VOID_P >= 8. If pointers for some reason were ever larger than 8-bytes then we'd end up doing 32-bit comparisons mistakenly. Let's just always check SIZEOF_DATUM >= 8. It also seems that ssup_datum_signed_cmp is just never used on 32-bit builds, so let's just ifdef that out to make sure we never accidentally use that comparison function on such machines. This also allows us to ifdef out 1 of the 3 new specialization quicksort functions in 32-bit builds which seems to shrink down the binary by over 4KB on my machine. In passing, also add the missing DatumGetInt32() / DatumGetInt64() macros in the comparison functions. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAApHDvqcQExRhtRa9hJrJB_5egs3SUfOcutP3m+3HO8A+fZTPA@mail.gmail.com Reviewed-by: John Naylor
* Revert "Disallow infinite endpoints in generate_series() for timestamps."Tom Lane2022-05-09
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This reverts commit eafdf9de06e9b60168f5e47cedcfceecdc6d4b5f and its back-branch counterparts. Corey Huinker pointed out that we'd discussed this exact change back in 2016 and rejected it, on the grounds that there's at least one usage pattern with LIMIT where an infinite endpoint can usefully be used. Perhaps that argument needs to be re-litigated, but there's no time left before our back-branch releases. To keep our options open, restore the status quo ante; if we do end up deciding to change things, waiting one more quarter won't hurt anything. Rather than just doing a straight revert, I added a new test case demonstrating the usage with LIMIT. That'll at least remind us of the issue if we forget again. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/3603504.1652068977@sss.pgh.pa.us Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CADkLM=dzw0Pvdqp5yWKxMd+VmNkAMhG=4ku7GnCZxebWnzmz3Q@mail.gmail.com
* Fix JSON_OBJECTAGG uniquefying bugAndrew Dunstan2022-04-28
| | | | | | | | Commit f4fb45d15c contained a bug in removing items with null values when unique keys are required, where the leading items that are sorted contained such values. Fix that and add a test for it. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAJA4AWQ_XbSmsNbW226UqNyRLJ+wb=iQkQMj77cQyoNkqtf=2Q@mail.gmail.com
* Disallow infinite endpoints in generate_series() for timestamps.Tom Lane2022-04-20
| | | | | | | | | | Such cases will lead to infinite loops, so they're of no practical value. The numeric variant of generate_series() already threw error for this, so borrow its message wording. Per report from Richard Wesley. Back-patch to all supported branches. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/91B44E7B-68D5-448F-95C8-B4B3B0F5DEAF@duckdblabs.com
* set_deparse_plan: Reuse variable to appease CoverityAlvaro Herrera2022-04-20
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Coverity complains that dpns->outer_plan is deferenced (to obtain ->targetlist) when possibly NULL. We can avoid this by using dpns->outer_tlist instead, which was already obtained a few lines up. The fact that we end up with dpns->inner_tlist = dpns->outer_tlist is a bit suspicious-looking and maybe worthy of more investigation, but I'll leave that for another day. Reviewed-by: Michaël Paquier <michael@paquier.xyz> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/202204191345.qerjy3kxi3eb@alvherre.pgsql
* Fix extract epoch from interval calculationPeter Eisentraut2022-04-19
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | The new numeric code for extract epoch from interval accidentally truncated the DAYS_PER_YEAR value to an integer, leading to results that mismatched the floating-point interval_part calculations. The commit a2da77cdb4661826482ebf2ddba1f953bc74afe4 that introduced this actually contains the regression test change that this reverts. I suppose this was missed at the time. Reported-by: Joseph Koshakow <koshy44@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us> Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAAvxfHd5n%3D13NYA2q_tUq%3D3%3DSuWU-CufmTf-Ozj%3DfrEgt7pXwQ%40mail.gmail.com
* Small cleanups in SQL/JSON codeAndrew Dunstan2022-04-15
| | | | | | These are to keep Coverity happy. In one case remove a redundant NULL check, and in another explicitly ignore a function result that is already known.
* Remove extraneous blank lines before block-closing bracesAlvaro Herrera2022-04-13
| | | | | | | | | These are useless and distracting. We wouldn't have written the code with them to begin with, so there's no reason to keep them. Author: Justin Pryzby <pryzby@telsasoft.com> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20220411020336.GB26620@telsasoft.com Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/attachment/133167/0016-Extraneous-blank-lines.patch
* Fix finalization for json_objectagg and friendsAndrew Dunstan2022-04-13
| | | | | | | | | | | | | Commit f4fb45d15c misguidedly tried to free some state during aggregate finalization for json_objectagg. This resulted in attempts to access freed memory, especially when the function is used as a window function. Commit 4eb9798879 attempted to ameliorate that, but in fact it should just be ripped out, which is done here. Also add some regression tests for json_objectagg in various flavors as a window function. Original report from Jaime Casanova, diagnosis by Andres Freund. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/YkfeMNYRCGhySKyg@ahch-to
* Revert the addition of GetMaxBackends() and related stuff.Robert Haas2022-04-12
| | | | | | | | | | | | This reverts commits 0147fc7, 4567596, aa64f23, and 5ecd018. There is no longer agreement that introducing this function was the right way to address the problem. The consensus now seems to favor trying to make a correct value for MaxBackends available to mdules executing their _PG_init() functions. Nathan Bossart Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/20220323045229.i23skfscdbvrsuxa@jrouhaud
* Fix various typos and spelling mistakes in code commentsDavid Rowley2022-04-11
| | | | | Author: Justin Pryzby Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20220411020336.GB26620@telsasoft.com
* Add missing serial commasPeter Eisentraut2022-04-09
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* Remove error message hints mentioning configure optionsPeter Eisentraut2022-04-08
| | | | | | | | | | | | These are usually not useful since users will use packaged distributions and won't be interested in rebuilding their installation from source. Also, we have only used these kinds of hints for some features and in some places, not consistently throughout. Reviewed-by: Andres Freund <andres@anarazel.de> Reviewed-by: Daniel Gustafsson <daniel@yesql.se> Reviewed-by: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us> Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/2552aed7-d0e9-280a-54aa-2dc7073f371d%40enterprisedb.com
* Teach planner and executor about monotonic window funcsDavid Rowley2022-04-08
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Window functions such as row_number() always return a value higher than the previously returned value for tuples in any given window partition. Traditionally queries such as; SELECT * FROM ( SELECT *, row_number() over (order by c) rn FROM t ) t WHERE rn <= 10; were executed fairly inefficiently. Neither the query planner nor the executor knew that once rn made it to 11 that nothing further would match the outer query's WHERE clause. It would blindly continue until all tuples were exhausted from the subquery. Here we implement means to make the above execute more efficiently. This is done by way of adding a pg_proc.prosupport function to various of the built-in window functions and adding supporting code to allow the support function to inform the planner if the window function is monotonically increasing, monotonically decreasing, both or neither. The planner is then able to make use of that information and possibly allow the executor to short-circuit execution by way of adding a "run condition" to the WindowAgg to allow it to determine if some of its execution work can be skipped. This "run condition" is not like a normal filter. These run conditions are only built using quals comparing values to monotonic window functions. For monotonic increasing functions, quals making use of the btree operators for <, <= and = can be used (assuming the window function column is on the left). You can see here that once such a condition becomes false that a monotonic increasing function could never make it subsequently true again. For monotonically decreasing functions the >, >= and = btree operators for the given type can be used for run conditions. The best-case situation for this is when there is a single WindowAgg node without a PARTITION BY clause. Here when the run condition becomes false the WindowAgg node can simply return NULL. No more tuples will ever match the run condition. It's a little more complex when there is a PARTITION BY clause. In this case, we cannot return NULL as we must still process other partitions. To speed this case up we pull tuples from the outer plan to check if they're from the same partition and simply discard them if they are. When we find a tuple belonging to another partition we start processing as normal again until the run condition becomes false or we run out of tuples to process. When there are multiple WindowAgg nodes to evaluate then this complicates the situation. For intermediate WindowAggs we must ensure we always return all tuples to the calling node. Any filtering done could lead to incorrect results in WindowAgg nodes above. For all intermediate nodes, we can still save some work when the run condition becomes false. We've no need to evaluate the WindowFuncs anymore. Other WindowAgg nodes cannot reference the value of these and these tuples will not appear in the final result anyway. The savings here are small in comparison to what can be saved in the top-level WingowAgg, but still worthwhile. Intermediate WindowAgg nodes never filter out tuples, but here we change WindowAgg so that the top-level WindowAgg filters out tuples that don't match the intermediate WindowAgg node's run condition. Such filters appear in the "Filter" clause in EXPLAIN for the top-level WindowAgg node. Here we add prosupport functions to allow the above to work for; row_number(), rank(), dense_rank(), count(*) and count(expr). It appears technically possible to do the same for min() and max(), however, it seems unlikely to be useful enough, so that's not done here. Bump catversion Author: David Rowley Reviewed-by: Andy Fan, Zhihong Yu Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAApHDvqvp3At8++yF8ij06sdcoo1S_b2YoaT9D4Nf+MObzsrLQ@mail.gmail.com
* Revert "Rewrite some RI code to avoid using SPI"Alvaro Herrera2022-04-07
| | | | | | | This reverts commit 99392cdd78b788295e52b9f4942fa11992fd5ba9. We'd rather rewrite ri_triggers.c as a whole rather than piecemeal. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/E1ncXX2-000mFt-Pe@gemulon.postgresql.org
* Rewrite some RI code to avoid using SPIAlvaro Herrera2022-04-07
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Modify the subroutines called by RI trigger functions that want to check if a given referenced value exists in the referenced relation to simply scan the foreign key constraint's unique index, instead of using SPI to execute SELECT 1 FROM referenced_relation WHERE ref_key = $1 This saves a lot of work, especially when inserting into or updating a referencing relation. This rewrite allows to fix a PK row visibility bug caused by a partition descriptor hack which requires ActiveSnapshot to be set to come up with the correct set of partitions for the RI query running under REPEATABLE READ isolation. We now set that snapshot indepedently of the snapshot to be used by the PK index scan, so the two no longer interfere. The buggy output in src/test/isolation/expected/fk-snapshot.out of the relevant test case added by commit 00cb86e75d6d has been corrected. (The bug still exists in branch 14, however, but this fix is too invasive to backpatch.) Author: Amit Langote <amitlangote09@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <horikyota.ntt@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Corey Huinker <corey.huinker@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Li Japin <japinli@hotmail.com> Reviewed-by: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us> Reviewed-by: Zhihong Yu <zyu@yugabyte.com> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CA+HiwqGkfJfYdeq5vHPh6eqPKjSbfpDDY+j-kXYFePQedtSLeg@mail.gmail.com
* Prefetch data referenced by the WAL, take II.Thomas Munro2022-04-07
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Introduce a new GUC recovery_prefetch. When enabled, look ahead in the WAL and try to initiate asynchronous reading of referenced data blocks that are not yet cached in our buffer pool. For now, this is done with posix_fadvise(), which has several caveats. Since not all OSes have that system call, "try" is provided so that it can be enabled where available. Better mechanisms for asynchronous I/O are possible in later work. Set to "try" for now for test coverage. Default setting to be finalized before release. The GUC wal_decode_buffer_size limits the distance we can look ahead in bytes of decoded data. The existing GUC maintenance_io_concurrency is used to limit the number of concurrent I/Os allowed, based on pessimistic heuristics used to infer that I/Os have begun and completed. We'll also not look more than maintenance_io_concurrency * 4 block references ahead. Reviewed-by: Julien Rouhaud <rjuju123@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Tomas Vondra <tomas.vondra@2ndquadrant.com> Reviewed-by: Alvaro Herrera <alvherre@2ndquadrant.com> (earlier version) Reviewed-by: Andres Freund <andres@anarazel.de> (earlier version) Reviewed-by: Justin Pryzby <pryzby@telsasoft.com> (earlier version) Tested-by: Tomas Vondra <tomas.vondra@2ndquadrant.com> (earlier version) Tested-by: Jakub Wartak <Jakub.Wartak@tomtom.com> (earlier version) Tested-by: Dmitry Dolgov <9erthalion6@gmail.com> (earlier version) Tested-by: Sait Talha Nisanci <Sait.Nisanci@microsoft.com> (earlier version) Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CA%2BhUKGJ4VJN8ttxScUFM8dOKX0BrBiboo5uz1cq%3DAovOddfHpA%40mail.gmail.com
* pgstat: add pg_stat_have_stats() test helper.Andres Freund2022-04-07
| | | | | | | | | | Will be used by tests committed subsequently. Bumps catversion (this time for real, the one in 0f96965c658 got lost when rebasing over 5c279a6d350). Author: Melanie Plageman <melanieplageman@gmail.com> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAAKRu_aNxL1WegCa45r=VAViCLnpOU7uNC7bTtGw+=QAPyYivw@mail.gmail.com
* pgstat: add pg_stat_force_next_flush(), use it to simplify tests.Andres Freund2022-04-06
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | In the stats collector days it was hard to write tests for the stats system, because fundamentally delivery of stats messages over UDP was not synchronous (nor guaranteed). Now we easily can force pending stats updates to be flushed synchronously. This moves stats.sql into a parallel group, there isn't a reason for it to run in isolation anymore. And it may shake out some bugs. Bumps catversion. Author: Andres Freund <andres@anarazel.de> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20220303021600.hs34ghqcw6zcokdh@alap3.anarazel.de
* pgstat: store statistics in shared memory.Andres Freund2022-04-06
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Previously the statistics collector received statistics updates via UDP and shared statistics data by writing them out to temporary files regularly. These files can reach tens of megabytes and are written out up to twice a second. This has repeatedly prevented us from adding additional useful statistics. Now statistics are stored in shared memory. Statistics for variable-numbered objects are stored in a dshash hashtable (backed by dynamic shared memory). Fixed-numbered stats are stored in plain shared memory. The header for pgstat.c contains an overview of the architecture. The stats collector is not needed anymore, remove it. By utilizing the transactional statistics drop infrastructure introduced in a prior commit statistics entries cannot "leak" anymore. Previously leaked statistics were dropped by pgstat_vacuum_stat(), called from [auto-]vacuum. On systems with many small relations pgstat_vacuum_stat() could be quite expensive. Now that replicas drop statistics entries for dropped objects, it is not necessary anymore to reset stats when starting from a cleanly shut down replica. Subsequent commits will perform some further code cleanup, adapt docs and add tests. Bumps PGSTAT_FILE_FORMAT_ID. Author: Kyotaro Horiguchi <horikyota.ntt@gmail.com> Author: Andres Freund <andres@anarazel.de> Author: Melanie Plageman <melanieplageman@gmail.com> Reviewed-By: Andres Freund <andres@anarazel.de> Reviewed-By: Thomas Munro <thomas.munro@gmail.com> Reviewed-By: Justin Pryzby <pryzby@telsasoft.com> Reviewed-By: "David G. Johnston" <david.g.johnston@gmail.com> Reviewed-By: Tomas Vondra <tomas.vondra@2ndquadrant.com> (in a much earlier version) Reviewed-By: Arthur Zakirov <a.zakirov@postgrespro.ru> (in a much earlier version) Reviewed-By: Antonin Houska <ah@cybertec.at> (in a much earlier version) Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20220303021600.hs34ghqcw6zcokdh@alap3.anarazel.de Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20220308205351.2xcn6k4x5yivcxyd@alap3.anarazel.de Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20210319235115.y3wz7hpnnrshdyv6@alap3.anarazel.de
* pgstat: normalize function naming.Andres Freund2022-04-06
| | | | | | Most of pgstat uses pgstat_<verb>_<subject>() or just <verb>_<subject>(). But not all (some introduced fairly recently by me). Rename ones that aren't intentionally following a different scheme (e.g. AtEOXact_*).
* pgstat: prepare APIs used by pgstatfuncs for shared memory stats.Andres Freund2022-04-06
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | With the introduction of PgStat_Kind PgStat_Single_Reset_Type, PgStat_Shared_Reset_Target don't make sense anymore. Replace them with PgStat_Kind. Instead of having dedicated reset functions for different kinds of stats, use two generic helper routines (one to reset all stats of a kind, one to reset one stats entry). A number of reset functions were named pgstat_reset_*_counter(), despite affecting multiple counters. The generic helper routines get rid of pgstat_reset_single_counter(), pgstat_reset_subscription_counter(). Rename pgstat_reset_slru_counter(), pgstat_reset_replslot_counter() to pgstat_reset_slru(), pgstat_reset_replslot() respectively, and have them only deal with a single SLRU/slot. Resetting all SLRUs/slots goes through the generic pgstat_reset_of_kind(). Previously pg_stat_reset_replication_slot() used SearchNamedReplicationSlot() to check if a slot exists. API wise it seems better to move that to pgstat_replslot.c. This is done separately from the - quite large - shared memory statistics patch to make review easier. Reviewed-By: Kyotaro Horiguchi <horikyota.ntt@gmail.com> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20220404041516.cctrvpadhuriawlq@alap3.anarazel.de
* pgstat: stats collector references in comments.Andres Freund2022-04-06
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Soon the stats collector will be no more, with statistics instead getting stored in shared memory. There are a lot of references to the stats collector in comments. This commit replaces most of these references with "cumulative statistics system", with the remaining ones getting replaced as part of subsequent commits. This is done separately from the - quite large - shared memory statistics patch to make review easier. Author: Andres Freund <andres@anarazel.de> Reviewed-By: Justin Pryzby <pryzby@telsasoft.com> Reviewed-By: Thomas Munro <thomas.munro@gmail.com> Reviewed-By: Kyotaro Horiguchi <horikyota.ntt@gmail.com> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20220303021600.hs34ghqcw6zcokdh@alap3.anarazel.de Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20220308205351.2xcn6k4x5yivcxyd@alap3.anarazel.de
* Allow granting SET and ALTER SYSTEM privileges on GUC parameters.Tom Lane2022-04-06
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This patch allows "PGC_SUSET" parameters to be set by non-superusers if they have been explicitly granted the privilege to do so. The privilege to perform ALTER SYSTEM SET/RESET on a specific parameter can also be granted. Such privileges are cluster-wide, not per database. They are tracked in a new shared catalog, pg_parameter_acl. Granting and revoking these new privileges works as one would expect. One caveat is that PGC_USERSET GUCs are unaffected by the SET privilege --- one could wish that those were handled by a revocable grant to PUBLIC, but they are not, because we couldn't make it robust enough for GUCs defined by extensions. Mark Dilger, reviewed at various times by Andrew Dunstan, Robert Haas, Joshua Brindle, and myself Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/3D691E20-C1D5-4B80-8BA5-6BEB63AF3029@enterprisedb.com
* PLAN clauses for JSON_TABLEAndrew Dunstan2022-04-05
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | These clauses allow the user to specify how data from nested paths are joined, allowing considerable freedom in shaping the tabular output of JSON_TABLE. PLAN DEFAULT allows the user to specify the global strategies when dealing with sibling or child nested paths. The is often sufficient to achieve the necessary goal, and is considerably simpler than the full PLAN clause, which allows the user to specify the strategy to be used for each named nested path. Nikita Glukhov Reviewers have included (in no particular order) Andres Freund, Alexander Korotkov, Pavel Stehule, Andrew Alsup, Erik Rijkers, Zhihong Yu, Himanshu Upadhyaya, Daniel Gustafsson, Justin Pryzby. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/7e2cb85d-24cf-4abb-30a5-1a33715959bd@postgrespro.ru
* JSON_TABLEAndrew Dunstan2022-04-04
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This feature allows jsonb data to be treated as a table and thus used in a FROM clause like other tabular data. Data can be selected from the jsonb using jsonpath expressions, and hoisted out of nested structures in the jsonb to form multiple rows, more or less like an outer join. Nikita Glukhov Reviewers have included (in no particular order) Andres Freund, Alexander Korotkov, Pavel Stehule, Andrew Alsup, Erik Rijkers, Zhihong Yu (whose name I previously misspelled), Himanshu Upadhyaya, Daniel Gustafsson, Justin Pryzby. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/7e2cb85d-24cf-4abb-30a5-1a33715959bd@postgrespro.ru
* Avoid freeing objects during json aggregate finalizationAndrew Dunstan2022-04-04
| | | | | | | | | | Commit f4fb45d15c tried to free memory during aggregate finalization. This cause issues, particularly when used as a window function, so stop doing that. Per complaint by Jaime Casanova and diagnosis by Andres Freund Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/YkfeMNYRCGhySKyg@ahch-to
* Adjust tuplesort API to have bitwise option flagsDavid Rowley2022-04-04
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This replaces the bool flag for randomAccess. An upcoming patch requires adding another option, so instead of breaking the API for that, then breaking it again one day if we add more options, let's just break it once. Any boolean options we add in the future will just make use of an unused bit in the flags. Any extensions making use of tuplesorts will need to update their code to pass TUPLESORT_RANDOMACCESS instead of true for randomAccess. TUPLESORT_NONE can be used for a set of empty options. Author: David Rowley Reviewed-by: Justin Pryzby Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAApHDvoH4ASzsAOyHcxkuY01Qf%2B%2B8JJ0paw%2B03dk%2BW25tQEcNQ%40mail.gmail.com
* Fix portability issues in datetime parsing.Tom Lane2022-04-03
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | datetime.c's parsing logic has assumed that strtod() will accept a string that looks like ".", which it does in glibc, but not on some less-common platforms such as AIX. The result of this was that datetime fields like "123." would be accepted on some platforms but not others; which is a sufficiently odd case that it's not that surprising we've heard no field complaints. But commit e39f99046 extended that assumption to new places, and happened to add a test case that exposed the platform dependency. Remove this dependency by special-casing situations without any digits after the decimal point. (Again, this is in part a pre-existing bug but I don't feel a compulsion to back-patch.) Also, rearrange e39f99046's changes in formatting.c to avoid a Coverity complaint that we were copying an uninitialized field. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/1592893.1648969747@sss.pgh.pa.us
* Fix overflow hazards in interval input and output conversions.Tom Lane2022-04-02
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | DecodeInterval (interval input) was careless about integer-overflow hazards, allowing bogus results to be obtained for sufficiently large input values. Also, since it initially converted the input to a "struct tm", it was impossible to produce the full range of representable interval values. Meanwhile, EncodeInterval (interval output) and a few other functions could suffer failures if asked to process sufficiently large interval values, because they also relied on being able to represent an interval in "struct tm" which is not designed to handle that. Fix all this stuff by introducing new struct types that are more fit for purpose. While this is clearly a bug fix, it's also an API break for any code that's calling these functions directly. So back-patching doesn't seem wise, especially in view of the lack of field complaints. Joe Koshakow, editorialized a bit by me Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAAvxfHff0JLYHwyBrtMx_=6wr=k2Xp+D+-X3vEhHjJYMj+mQcg@mail.gmail.com
* Specialize tuplesort routines for different kinds of abbreviated keysJohn Naylor2022-04-02
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Previously, the specialized tuplesort routine inlined handling for reverse-sort and NULLs-ordering but called the datum comparator via a pointer in the SortSupport struct parameter. Testing has showed that we can get a useful performance gain by specializing datum comparison for the different representations of abbreviated keys -- signed and unsigned 64-bit integers and signed 32-bit integers. Almost all abbreviatable data types will benefit -- the only exception for now is numeric, since the datum comparison is more complex. The performance gain depends on data type and input distribution, but often falls in the range of 10-20% faster. Thomas Munro Reviewed by Peter Geoghegan, review and performance testing by me Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/CA%2BhUKGKKYttZZk-JMRQSVak%3DCXSJ5fiwtirFf%3Dn%3DPAbumvn1Ww%40mail.gmail.com
* RETURNING clause for JSON() and JSON_SCALAR()Andrew Dunstan2022-03-31
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This patch is extracted from a larger patch that allowed setting the default returned value from these functions to json or jsonb. That had problems, but this piece of it is fine. For these functions only json or jsonb can be specified in the RETURNING clause. Extracted from an original patch from Nikita Glukhov Reviewers have included (in no particular order) Andres Freund, Alexander Korotkov, Pavel Stehule, Andrew Alsup, Erik Rijkers, Zihong Yu, Himanshu Upadhyaya, Daniel Gustafsson, Justin Pryzby. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/cd0bb935-0158-78a7-08b5-904886deac4b@postgrespro.ru
* Optimize order of GROUP BY keysTomas Vondra2022-03-31
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | When evaluating a query with a multi-column GROUP BY clause using sort, the cost may be heavily dependent on the order in which the keys are compared when building the groups. Grouping does not imply any ordering, so we're allowed to compare the keys in arbitrary order, and a Hash Agg leverages this. But for Group Agg, we simply compared keys in the order as specified in the query. This commit explores alternative ordering of the keys, trying to find a cheaper one. In principle, we might generate grouping paths for all permutations of the keys, and leave the rest to the optimizer. But that might get very expensive, so we try to pick only a couple interesting orderings based on both local and global information. When planning the grouping path, we explore statistics (number of distinct values, cost of the comparison function) for the keys and reorder them to minimize comparison costs. Intuitively, it may be better to perform more expensive comparisons (for complex data types etc.) last, because maybe the cheaper comparisons will be enough. Similarly, the higher the cardinality of a key, the lower the probability we’ll need to compare more keys. The patch generates and costs various orderings, picking the cheapest ones. The ordering of group keys may interact with other parts of the query, some of which may not be known while planning the grouping. E.g. there may be an explicit ORDER BY clause, or some other ordering-dependent operation, higher up in the query, and using the same ordering may allow using either incremental sort or even eliminate the sort entirely. The patch generates orderings and picks those minimizing the comparison cost (for various pathkeys), and then adds orderings that might be useful for operations higher up in the plan (ORDER BY, etc.). Finally, it always keeps the ordering specified in the query, on the assumption the user might have additional insights. This introduces a new GUC enable_group_by_reordering, so that the optimization may be disabled if needed. The original patch was proposed by Teodor Sigaev, and later improved and reworked by Dmitry Dolgov. Reviews by a number of people, including me, Andrey Lepikhov, Claudio Freire, Ibrar Ahmed and Zhihong Yu. Author: Dmitry Dolgov, Teodor Sigaev, Tomas Vondra Reviewed-by: Tomas Vondra, Andrey Lepikhov, Claudio Freire, Ibrar Ahmed, Zhihong Yu Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/7c79e6a5-8597-74e8-0671-1c39d124c9d6%40sigaev.ru Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CA%2Bq6zcW_4o2NC0zutLkOJPsFt80megSpX_dVRo6GK9PC-Jx_Ag%40mail.gmail.com
* SQL JSON functionsAndrew Dunstan2022-03-30
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This Patch introduces three SQL standard JSON functions: JSON() (incorrectly mentioned in my commit message for f4fb45d15c) JSON_SCALAR() JSON_SERIALIZE() JSON() produces json values from text, bytea, json or jsonb values, and has facilitites for handling duplicate keys. JSON_SCALAR() produces a json value from any scalar sql value, including json and jsonb. JSON_SERIALIZE() produces text or bytea from input which containis or represents json or jsonb; For the most part these functions don't add any significant new capabilities, but they will be of use to users wanting standard compliant JSON handling. Nikita Glukhov Reviewers have included (in no particular order) Andres Freund, Alexander Korotkov, Pavel Stehule, Andrew Alsup, Erik Rijkers, Zihong Yu, Himanshu Upadhyaya, Daniel Gustafsson, Justin Pryzby. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/cd0bb935-0158-78a7-08b5-904886deac4b@postgrespro.ru
* Add range_agg with multirange inputsPeter Eisentraut2022-03-30
| | | | | | | | | range_agg for normal ranges already existed. A lot of code can be shared. Author: Paul Jungwirth <pj@illuminatedcomputing.com> Reviewed-by: Chapman Flack <chap@anastigmatix.net> Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/007ef255-35ef-fd26-679c-f97e7a7f30c2@illuminatedcomputing.com
* Change some internal error messages to elogsPeter Eisentraut2022-03-30
| | | | | | Author: Paul Jungwirth <pj@illuminatedcomputing.com> Reviewed-by: Chapman Flack <chap@anastigmatix.net> Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/007ef255-35ef-fd26-679c-f97e7a7f30c2@illuminatedcomputing.com
* SQL/JSON query functionsAndrew Dunstan2022-03-29
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This introduces the SQL/JSON functions for querying JSON data using jsonpath expressions. The functions are: JSON_EXISTS() JSON_QUERY() JSON_VALUE() All of these functions only operate on jsonb. The workaround for now is to cast the argument to jsonb. JSON_EXISTS() tests if the jsonpath expression applied to the jsonb value yields any values. JSON_VALUE() must return a single value, and an error occurs if it tries to return multiple values. JSON_QUERY() must return a json object or array, and there are various WRAPPER options for handling scalar or multi-value results. Both these functions have options for handling EMPTY and ERROR conditions. Nikita Glukhov Reviewers have included (in no particular order) Andres Freund, Alexander Korotkov, Pavel Stehule, Andrew Alsup, Erik Rijkers, Zihong Yu, Himanshu Upadhyaya, Daniel Gustafsson, Justin Pryzby. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/cd0bb935-0158-78a7-08b5-904886deac4b@postgrespro.ru
* Add system view pg_ident_file_mappingsMichael Paquier2022-03-29
| | | | | | | | | | | | | This view is similar to pg_hba_file_rules view, except that it is associated with the parsing of pg_ident.conf. Similarly to its cousin, this view is useful to check via SQL if changes planned in pg_ident.conf would work upon reload or restart, or to diagnose a previous failure. Bumps catalog version. Author: Julien Rouhaud Reviewed-by: Aleksander Alekseev, Michael Paquier Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20220223045959.35ipdsvbxcstrhya@jrouhaud
* IS JSON predicateAndrew Dunstan2022-03-28
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This patch intrdocuces the SQL standard IS JSON predicate. It operates on text and bytea values representing JSON as well as on the json and jsonb types. Each test has an IS and IS NOT variant. The tests are: IS JSON [VALUE] IS JSON ARRAY IS JSON OBJECT IS JSON SCALAR IS JSON WITH | WITHOUT UNIQUE KEYS These are mostly self-explanatory, but note that IS JSON WITHOUT UNIQUE KEYS is true whenever IS JSON is true, and IS JSON WITH UNIQUE KEYS is true whenever IS JSON is true except it IS JSON OBJECT is true and there are duplicate keys (which is never the case when applied to jsonb values). Nikita Glukhov Reviewers have included (in no particular order) Andres Freund, Alexander Korotkov, Pavel Stehule, Andrew Alsup, Erik Rijkers, Zihong Yu, Himanshu Upadhyaya, Daniel Gustafsson, Justin Pryzby. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/cd0bb935-0158-78a7-08b5-904886deac4b@postgrespro.ru
* Use has_privs_for_roles for predefined role checksJoe Conway2022-03-28
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Generally if a role is granted membership to another role with NOINHERIT they must use SET ROLE to access the privileges of that role, however with predefined roles the membership and privilege is conflated. Fix that by replacing is_member_of_role with has_privs_for_role for predefined roles. Patch does not remove is_member_of_role from acl.h, but it does add a warning not to use that function for privilege checking. Not backpatched based on hackers list discussion. Author: Joshua Brindle Reviewed-by: Stephen Frost, Nathan Bossart, Joe Conway Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/flat/CAGB+Vh4Zv_TvKt2tv3QNS6tUM_F_9icmuj0zjywwcgVi4PAhFA@mail.gmail.com
* Remove the ability of a role to administer itself.Robert Haas2022-03-28
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Commit f9fd1764615ed5d85fab703b0ffb0c323fe7dfd5 effectively gave every role ADMIN OPTION on itself. However, this appears to be something that happened accidentally as a result of refactoring work rather than an intentional decision. Almost a decade later, it was discovered that this was a security vulnerability. As a result, commit fea164a72a7bfd50d77ba5fb418d357f8f2bb7d0 restricted this implicit ADMIN OPTION privilege to be exercisable only when the role being administered is the same as the session user and when no security-restricted operation is in progress. That commit also documented the existence of this implicit privilege for what seems to be the first time. The effect of the privilege is to allow a login role to grant the privileges of that role, and optionally ADMIN OPTION on it, to some other role. That's an unusual thing to do, because generally membership is granted in roles used as groups, rather than roles used as users. Therefore, it does not seem likely that removing the privilege will break things for many PostgreSQL users. However, it will make it easier to reason about the permissions system. This is the only case where a user who has not been given any special permission (superuser, or ADMIN OPTION on some role) can modify role membership, so removing it makes things more consistent. For example, if a superuser sets up role A and B and grants A to B but no other privileges to anyone, she can now be sure that no one else will be able to revoke that grant. Without this change, that would have been true only if A was a non-login role. Patch by me. Reviewed by Tom Lane and Stephen Frost. Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/CA+Tgmoawdt03kbA+dNyBcNWJpRxu0f4X=69Y3+DkXXZqmwMDLg@mail.gmail.com
* Add public ruleutils.c entry point to deparse a Query.Tom Lane2022-03-28
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This has no in-core callers but will be wanted by extensions. It's just a thin wrapper around get_query_def, so it adds little code. Also, fix get_from_clause_item() to force insertion of an alias for a SUBQUERY RTE item. This is irrelevant to existing uses because RTE_SUBQUERY items made by the parser always have aliases already. However, if one tried to use pg_get_querydef() to inspect a post-rewrite Query, it could be an issue. In any case, get_from_clause_item already contained logic to force alias insertion for VALUES items, so the lack of the same for SUBQUERY is a pretty clear oversight. In passing, replace duplicated code for selection of pretty-print options with a common macro. Julien Rouhaud, reviewed by Pavel Stehule, Gilles Darold, and myself Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20210627041138.zklczwmu3ms4ufnk@nol
* Add support for MERGE SQL commandAlvaro Herrera2022-03-28
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | MERGE performs actions that modify rows in the target table using a source table or query. MERGE provides a single SQL statement that can conditionally INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE rows -- a task that would otherwise require multiple PL statements. For example, MERGE INTO target AS t USING source AS s ON t.tid = s.sid WHEN MATCHED AND t.balance > s.delta THEN UPDATE SET balance = t.balance - s.delta WHEN MATCHED THEN DELETE WHEN NOT MATCHED AND s.delta > 0 THEN INSERT VALUES (s.sid, s.delta) WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN DO NOTHING; MERGE works with regular tables, partitioned tables and inheritance hierarchies, including column and row security enforcement, as well as support for row and statement triggers and transition tables therein. MERGE is optimized for OLTP and is parameterizable, though also useful for large scale ETL/ELT. MERGE is not intended to be used in preference to existing single SQL commands for INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE since there is some overhead. MERGE can be used from PL/pgSQL. MERGE does not support targetting updatable views or foreign tables, and RETURNING clauses are not allowed either. These limitations are likely fixable with sufficient effort. Rewrite rules are also not supported, but it's not clear that we'd want to support them. Author: Pavan Deolasee <pavan.deolasee@gmail.com> Author: Álvaro Herrera <alvherre@alvh.no-ip.org> Author: Amit Langote <amitlangote09@gmail.com> Author: Simon Riggs <simon.riggs@enterprisedb.com> Reviewed-by: Peter Eisentraut <peter.eisentraut@enterprisedb.com> Reviewed-by: Andres Freund <andres@anarazel.de> (earlier versions) Reviewed-by: Peter Geoghegan <pg@bowt.ie> (earlier versions) Reviewed-by: Robert Haas <robertmhaas@gmail.com> (earlier versions) Reviewed-by: Japin Li <japinli@hotmail.com> Reviewed-by: Justin Pryzby <pryzby@telsasoft.com> Reviewed-by: Tomas Vondra <tomas.vondra@enterprisedb.com> Reviewed-by: Zhihong Yu <zyu@yugabyte.com> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CANP8+jKitBSrB7oTgT9CY2i1ObfOt36z0XMraQc+Xrz8QB0nXA@mail.gmail.com Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAH2-WzkJdBuxj9PO=2QaO9-3h3xGbQPZ34kJH=HukRekwM-GZg@mail.gmail.com Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20201231134736.GA25392@alvherre.pgsql
* Make JSON path numeric literals more correctPeter Eisentraut2022-03-28
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Per ECMAScript standard (ECMA-262, referenced by SQL standard), the syntax forms .1 1. should be allowed for decimal numeric literals, but the existing implementation rejected them. Also, by the same standard, reject trailing junk after numeric literals. Note that the ECMAScript standard for numeric literals is in respects like these slightly different from the JSON standard, which might be the original cause for this discrepancy. A change is that this kind of syntax is now rejected: 1.type() This needs to be written as (1).type() This is correct; normal JavaScript also does not accept this syntax. We also need to fix up the jsonpath output function for this case. We put parentheses around numeric items if they are followed by another path item. Reviewed-by: Nikita Glukhov <n.gluhov@postgrespro.ru> Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/50a828cc-0a00-7791-7883-2ed06dfb2dbb@enterprisedb.com
* Fix up compiler warnings/errors from f4fb45d15.Tom Lane2022-03-27
| | | | Per early buildfarm returns.
* SQL/JSON constructorsAndrew Dunstan2022-03-27
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This patch introduces the SQL/JSON standard constructors for JSON: JSON() JSON_ARRAY() JSON_ARRAYAGG() JSON_OBJECT() JSON_OBJECTAGG() For the most part these functions provide facilities that mimic existing json/jsonb functions. However, they also offer some useful additional functionality. In addition to text input, the JSON() function accepts bytea input, which it will decode and constuct a json value from. The other functions provide useful options for handling duplicate keys and null values. This series of patches will be followed by a consolidated documentation patch. Nikita Glukhov Reviewers have included (in no particular order) Andres Freund, Alexander Korotkov, Pavel Stehule, Andrew Alsup, Erik Rijkers, Zihong Yu, Himanshu Upadhyaya, Daniel Gustafsson, Justin Pryzby. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/cd0bb935-0158-78a7-08b5-904886deac4b@postgrespro.ru
* Common SQL/JSON clausesAndrew Dunstan2022-03-27
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This introduces some of the building blocks used by the SQL/JSON constructor and query functions. Specifically, it provides node executor and grammar support for the FORMAT JSON [ENCODING foo] clause, and values decorated with it, and for the RETURNING clause. The following SQL/JSON patches will leverage these. Nikita Glukhov (who probably deserves an award for perseverance). Reviewers have included (in no particular order) Andres Freund, Alexander Korotkov, Pavel Stehule, Andrew Alsup, Erik Rijkers, Zihong Yu, Himanshu Upadhyaya, Daniel Gustafsson, Justin Pryzby. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/cd0bb935-0158-78a7-08b5-904886deac4b@postgrespro.ru
* Refactor code related to pg_hba_file_rules() into new fileMichael Paquier2022-03-24
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | hba.c is growing big, and more contents are planned for it. In order to prepare for this future work, this commit moves all the code related to the system function processing the contents of pg_hba.conf, pg_hba_file_rules() to a new file called hbafuncs.c, which will be used as the location for the SQL portion of the authentication file parsing. While on it, HbaToken, the structure holding a string token lexed from a configuration file related to authentication, is renamed to a more generic AuthToken, as it gets used not only for pg_hba.conf, but also for pg_ident.conf. TokenizedLine is now named TokenizedAuthLine. The size of hba.c is reduced by ~12%. Author: Julien Rouhaud Reviewed-by: Aleksander Alekseev, Michael Paquier Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20220223045959.35ipdsvbxcstrhya@jrouhaud
* Revert "Common SQL/JSON clauses"Andrew Dunstan2022-03-22
| | | | | | This reverts commit 865fe4d5df560a6f5353da652018ff876978ad2d. This has caused issues with a significant number of buildfarm members
* Common SQL/JSON clausesAndrew Dunstan2022-03-22
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This introduces some of the building blocks used by the SQL/JSON constructor and query functions. Specifically, it provides node executor and grammar support for the FORMAT JSON [ENCODING foo] clause, and values decorated with it, and for the RETURNING clause. The following SQL/JSON patches will leverage these. Nikita Glukhov (who probably deserves an award for perseverance). Reviewers have included (in no particular order) Andres Freund, Alexander Korotkov, Pavel Stehule, Andrew Alsup. Erik Rijkers, Zihong Yu and Himanshu Upadhyaya. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/cd0bb935-0158-78a7-08b5-904886deac4b@postgrespro.ru
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