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* Fix incorrect format placeholdersPeter Eisentraut2025-04-10
| | | | for commits 8f427187db7, 6ee3b91bad2
* Update wording in optimizer/README for EquivalenceClassesDavid Rowley2025-04-10
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | d69d45a5a changed how em_is_child members are stored in EquivalenceClasses. Children are no longer stored in the ec_members list. optimizer/README mentioned that most operations "should ignore child members", but that felt a little untrue now since child members are now stored in a separate place, they simply won't be found by the normal means of looking (a foreach loop over ec_members), and if you don't find them, there's technically no need to "ignore" them. Here we tweak the wording slightly to reflect the new storage location for child members. Reported-by: Amit Langote <amitlangote09@gmail.com> Author: Amit Langote <amitlangote09@gmail.com> Author: David Rowley <dgrowleyml@gmail.com> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CA+HiwqE8v=EuAP_3F_A2xn8zWx+nG_etW_Fe_DvKO-Fkx=+DdQ@mail.gmail.com
* Cosmetic fixes for pg_createsubscriber's -all option.Amit Kapila2025-04-10
| | | | | | Author: Peter Smith <smithpb2250@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Amit Kapila <amit.kapila16@gmail.com> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAHut+PsmSCQ-ENSDQ0YOUcsgzT=GG-E9jyXBvxd51A_dMXH5XA@mail.gmail.com
* Cleanup of pg_numa.cTomas Vondra2025-04-09
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This moves/renames some of the functions defined in pg_numa.c: * pg_numa_get_pagesize() is renamed to pg_get_shmem_pagesize(), and moved to src/backend/storage/ipc/shmem.c. The new name better reflects that the page size is not related to NUMA, and it's specifically about the page size used for the main shared memory segment. * move pg_numa_available() to src/backend/storage/ipc/shmem.c, i.e. into the backend (which more appropriate for functions callable from SQL). While at it, improve the comment to explain what page size it returns. * remove unnecessary includes from src/port/pg_numa.c, adding unnecessary dependencies (src/port should be suitable for frontent). These were either leftovers or unnecessary thanks to the other changes in this commit. This eliminates unnecessary dependencies on backend symbols, which we don't want in src/port. Reported-by: Kirill Reshke <reshkekirill@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Andres Freund <andres@anarazel.de> https://postgr.es/m/CALdSSPi5fj0a7UG7Fmw2cUD1uWuckU_e8dJ+6x-bJEokcSXzqA@mail.gmail.com
* pg_upgrade: Mention that we preserve database OIDs in a comment.Nathan Bossart2025-04-09
| | | | | | | Oversight in commit aa01051418. Reported-by: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/4055696.1744134682%40sss.pgh.pa.us
* Fix performance issue in deadlock-parallel isolation test.Tom Lane2025-04-09
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | With debug_discard_caches = 1, the runtime of this test script increased by about a factor of 10 after commit 0dca5d68d. That's causing some of our buildfarm animals to fail with a timeout. The reason for the increased time is that now we are re-planning some intentionally-non-inlineable SQL functions on every execution, where the previous coding held onto the original plans throughout the outer query. The previous behavior was arguably quite buggy, so I don't think 0dca5d68d deserves blame here. But we would like this test script to not take so long. To fix, instead of forcing a "parallel safe" label via a non-inlineable SQL function, apply it directly to the advisory-lock functions by making internal-language aliases for them. A small problem is that the advisory-lock functions return void but this test would really like them to return integer 1. I cheated here by declaring the aliases as returning "int". That's perhaps undue familiarity with the implementation of PG_RETURN_VOID(), but that hasn't changed in twenty years and is unlikely to do so in the next twenty. That gets us an integer 0 result, and then an inline-able wrapper to convert that to an integer 1 allows the rest of the script to remain unchanged. For me, this reduces the runtime with debug_discard_caches = 1 by about 100x, making the test comfortably faster than before instead of slower. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/136163.1744179562@sss.pgh.pa.us
* Fix test races between syscache-update-pruned.spec and autovacuum.Noah Misch2025-04-09
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This spec fails ~3% of my Valgrind runs, and the spec has failed on Valgrind buildfarm member skink at a similar rate. Two problems contributed to that: - A competing buffer pin triggered VACUUM's lazy_scan_noprune() path, causing "tuples missed: 1 dead from 1 pages not removed due to cleanup lock contention". FREEZE fixes that. - The spec ran lazy VACUUM immediately after VACUUM FULL. The spec implicitly assumed lazy VACUUM prunes the one tuple that VACUUM FULL made dead. First wait for old snapshots, making that assumption reliable. This also adds two forms of defense in depth: - Wait for snapshots using shared catalog pruning rules (VISHORIZON_SHARED). This avoids the removable cutoff moving backward when an XID-bearing autoanalyze process runs in another database. That may never happen in this test, but it's cheap insurance. - Use lazy VACUUM option DISABLE_PAGE_SKIPPING. Commit c2dc1a79767a0f947e1145f82eb65dfe4360d25f did this for a related requirement in other tests, but I suspect FREEZE is necessary and sufficient in all these tests. Back-patch to v17, where the test first appeared. Reported-by: Andres Freund <andres@anarazel.de> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/sv3taq4e6ea4qckimien3nxp3sz4b6cw6sfcy4nhwl52zpur4g@h6i6tohxmizu Backpatch-through: 17
* Fix a few oversights in the longer cancel keys patchHeikki Linnakangas2025-04-09
| | | | | | | | | | | | Change MyCancelKeyLength's type from uint8 to int. While it always fits in a uint8, plain int is less surprising, as there's no particular reason for it to be uint8. Fix one ProcSignalInit caller that passed 'false' instead of NULL for the pointer argument. Author: Peter Eisentraut <peter@eisentraut.org> Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/61be9e31-7b7d-49d5-bc11-721800d89d64@eisentraut.org
* Perform missed catversion bumpDaniel Gustafsson2025-04-09
| | | | | | | | Commit c57971034e69ca renamed an argument for a function but missed to bump the catversion to reflect this. Reported-by: David Rowley <dgrowleyml@gmail.com> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAApHDvqOega=dPtu3h2C5fJWJEuaGCMDib_sVfhKQqgUNJVmFA@mail.gmail.com
* Doc: note that two examples in optimizer/README are oversimplified.Tom Lane2025-04-08
| | | | | | | | | | | | These examples fail to account for join clauses generated by EquivalenceClasses, but since we haven't mentioned EquivalenceClasses yet it seems like it'd just add confusion to make them fully accurate. Instead, parenthetically note that they're oversimplified. Reported-by: Zeyuan Hu <ferrishu3886@gmail.com> Co-authored-by: David Rowley <dgrowleyml@gmail.com> Co-authored-by: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CACvHWmYFo+60yMqKJajDDvKN5EM41YHrCT3oxukwXmGAqpWvyw@mail.gmail.com
* Adjust AdjustUpgrade.pm for commit b1720fe63.Tom Lane2025-04-08
| | | | | | | Need to delete the functions we no longer have available from the dumps to be reloaded from old versions. Per buildfarm.
* Move contrib/spi testing from core regression tests to contrib/spi.Tom Lane2025-04-08
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | It's weird to have the core regression tests depending on contrib code, and coverage testing shows that those test queries add nothing to the core-code coverage of the core tests. So pull those test bits out and put them into ordinary test scripts inside contrib/spi/, making that more like other contrib modules. Aside from being structurally nicer, anything we can take out of the core tests (which are executed multiple times per check-world run) and put into tests executed only once should be a win. It doesn't look like this change will buy a whole lot of milliseconds, but a cycle saved is a cycle earned. Also, there is some discussion around possibly removing refint and/or autoinc altogether. I don't know if that will happen, but we'd certainly need to decouple them from the core tests to do so. The tests for autoinc were quite intertwined with the undocumented "ttdummy" trigger in regress.c. That made the tests very hard to understand and contributed nothing to autoinc's testing either. So I just deleted ttdummy and rewrote the autoinc tests without it. I realized while doing this that the description of autoinc in the SGML docs is not a great description of what the function actually does, so the patch includes some updates to those docs. Author: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us> Reviewed-by: Heikki Linnakangas <hlinnaka@iki.fi> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/3872677.1744077559@sss.pgh.pa.us
* Rename argument in pg_get_process_memory_contexts().Daniel Gustafsson2025-04-08
| | | | | | | | | | | During development the third argument to pg_get_process_memory_contexts was a retry count, but it was changed to a timeout instead. The param name was accidentally left in pg_proc.dat though. Fix by renaming to the correct parameter name. Author: Fujii Masao <masao.fujii@oss.nttdata.com> Reviewed-by: Daniel Gustafsson <daniel@yesql.se> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/3eb40b3e-45c7-426a-b7f8-81f7d05a9b53@oss.nttdata.com
* Prevent 006_transfer_modes.pl from leaving files behind.Nathan Bossart2025-04-08
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This test was leaving files like delete_old_cluster.{sh,bat} in the source directory for VPATH and meson builds. To fix, change the directory to tmp_check before running the test, as was done in commits 15b6d21553, 8af917be6b, and c462b054ba. Oversight in commit af0d4901c1. Reported-by: Andrew Dunstan <andrew@dunslane.net> (on Discord) Reviewed-by: Michael Paquier <michael@paquier.xyz> Reviewed-by: Andrew Dunstan <andrew@dunslane.net> Reviewed-by: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/Z_RHkG770w3SE0yU%40nathan
* Fix uninitialized index information access during apply.Amit Kapila2025-04-08
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The issue happens when building conflict information during apply of INSERT or UPDATE operations that violate unique constraints on leaf partitions. The problem was introduced in commit 9ff68679b5, which removed the redundant calls to ExecOpenIndices/ExecCloseIndices. The previous code was relying on the redundant ExecOpenIndices call in apply_handle_tuple_routing() to build the index information required for unique key conflict detection. The fix is to delay building the index information until a conflict is detected instead of relying on ExecOpenIndices to do the same. The additional benefit of this approach is that it avoids building index information when there is no conflict. Author: Hou Zhijie <houzj.fnst@fujitsu.com> Reviewed-by:Reviewed-by: Amit Kapila <amit.kapila16@gmail.com> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/TYAPR01MB57244ADA33DDA57119B9D26494A62@TYAPR01MB5724.jpnprd01.prod.outlook.com
* Introduce file_copy_method setting.Thomas Munro2025-04-08
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | It can be set to either COPY (the default) or CLONE if the system supports it. CLONE causes callers of copydir(), currently CREATE DATABASE ... STRATEGY=FILE_COPY and ALTER DATABASE ... SET TABLESPACE = ..., to use copy_file_range (Linux, FreeBSD) or copyfile (macOS) to copy files instead of a read-write loop over the contents. CLONE gives the kernel the opportunity to share block ranges on copy-on-write file systems and push copying down to storage on others, depending on configuration. On some systems CLONE can be used to clone large databases quickly with CREATE DATABASE ... TEMPLATE=source STRATEGY=FILE_COPY. Other operating systems could be supported; patches welcome. Co-authored-by: Nazir Bilal Yavuz <byavuz81@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Robert Haas <robertmhaas@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Ranier Vilela <ranier.vf@gmail.com> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CA%2BhUKGLM%2Bt%2BSwBU-cHeMUXJCOgBxSHLGZutV5zCwY4qrCcE02w%40mail.gmail.com
* Add function to get memory context stats for processesDaniel Gustafsson2025-04-08
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This adds a function for retrieving memory context statistics and information from backends as well as auxiliary processes. The intended usecase is cluster debugging when under memory pressure or unanticipated memory usage characteristics. When calling the function it sends a signal to the specified process to submit statistics regarding its memory contexts into dynamic shared memory. Each memory context is returned in detail, followed by a cumulative total in case the number of contexts exceed the max allocated amount of shared memory. Each process is limited to use at most 1Mb memory for this. A summary can also be explicitly requested by the user, this will return the TopMemoryContext and a cumulative total of all lower contexts. In order to not block on busy processes the caller specifies the number of seconds during which to retry before timing out. In the case where no statistics are published within the set timeout, the last known statistics are returned, or NULL if no previously published statistics exist. This allows dash- board type queries to continually publish even if the target process is temporarily congested. Context records contain a timestamp to indicate when they were submitted. Author: Rahila Syed <rahilasyed90@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Daniel Gustafsson <daniel@yesql.se> Reviewed-by: Andres Freund <andres@anarazel.de> Reviewed-by: Tomas Vondra <tomas@vondra.me> Reviewed-by: Atsushi Torikoshi <torikoshia@oss.nttdata.com> Reviewed-by: Fujii Masao <masao.fujii@oss.nttdata.com> Reviewed-by: Alexander Korotkov <aekorotkov@gmail.com> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAH2L28v8mc9HDt8QoSJ8TRmKau_8FM_HKS41NeO9-6ZAkuZKXw@mail.gmail.com
* Increase BAS_BULKREAD based on effective_io_concurrencyAndres Freund2025-04-08
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Before, BAS_BULKREAD was always of size 256kB. With the default io_combine_limit of 16, that only allowed 1-2 IOs to be in flight - insufficient even on very low latency storage. We don't just want to increase the size to a much larger hardcoded value, as very large rings (10s of MBs of of buffers), appear to have negative performance effects when reading in data that the OS has cached (but not when actually needing to do IO). To address this, increase the size of BAS_BULKREAD to allow for io_combine_limit * effective_io_concurrency buffers getting read in. To prevent the ring being much larger than useful, limit the increased size with GetPinLimit(). The formula outlined above keeps the ring size to sizes for which we have not observed performance regressions, unless very large effective_io_concurrency values are used together with large shared_buffers setting. Reviewed-by: Thomas Munro <thomas.munro@gmail.com> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/lqwghabtu2ak4wknzycufqjm5ijnxhb4k73vzphlt2a3wsemcd@gtftg44kdim6 Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/uvrtrknj4kdytuboidbhwclo4gxhswwcpgadptsjvjqcluzmah@brqs62irg4dt
* Add pg_buffercache_evict_{relation,all} functionsAndres Freund2025-04-08
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | In addition to the added functions, the pg_buffercache_evict() function now shows whether the buffer was flushed. pg_buffercache_evict_relation(): Evicts all shared buffers in a relation at once. pg_buffercache_evict_all(): Evicts all shared buffers at once. Both functions provide mechanism to evict multiple shared buffers at once. They are designed to address the inefficiency of repeatedly calling pg_buffercache_evict() for each individual buffer, which can be time-consuming when dealing with large shared buffer pools. (e.g., ~477ms vs. ~2576ms for 16GB of fully populated shared buffers). These functions are intended for developer testing and debugging purposes and are available to superusers only. Minimal tests for the new functions are included. Also, there was no test for pg_buffercache_evict(), test for this added too. No new extension version is needed, as it was already increased this release by ba2a3c2302f. Author: Nazir Bilal Yavuz <byavuz81@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Andres Freund <andres@anarazel.de> Reviewed-by: Aidar Imamov <a.imamov@postgrespro.ru> Reviewed-by: Joseph Koshakow <koshy44@gmail.com> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAN55FZ0h_YoSqqutxV6DES1RW8ig6wcA8CR9rJk358YRMxZFmw%40mail.gmail.com
* Speedup child EquivalenceMember lookup in plannerDavid Rowley2025-04-08
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | When planning queries to partitioned tables, we clone all EquivalenceMembers belonging to the partitioned table into em_is_child EquivalenceMembers for each non-pruned partition. For partitioned tables with large numbers of partitions, this meant the ec_members list could become large and code searching that list would become slow. Effectively, the more partitions which were present, the more searches needed to be performed for operations such as find_ec_member_matching_expr() during create_plan() and the more partitions present, the longer these searches would take, i.e., a quadratic slowdown. To fix this, here we adjust how we store EquivalenceMembers for em_is_child members. Instead of storing these directly in ec_members, these are now stored in a new array of Lists in the EquivalenceClass, which is indexed by the relid. When we want to find EquivalenceMembers belonging to a certain child relation, we can narrow the search to the array element for that relation. To make EquivalenceMember lookup easier and to reduce the amount of code change, this commit provides a pair of functions to allow iteration over the EquivalenceMembers of an EC which also handles finding the child members, if required. Callers that never need to look at child members can remain using the foreach loop over ec_members, which will now often be faster due to only parent-level members being stored there. The actual performance increases here are highly dependent on the number of partitions and the query being planned. Performance increases can be visible with as few as 8 partitions, but the speedup is marginal for such low numbers of partitions. The speedups become much more visible with a few dozen to hundreds of partitions. With some tested queries using 56 partitions, the planner was around 3x faster than before. For use cases with thousands of partitions, these are likely to become significantly faster. Some testing has shown planner speedups of 60x or more with 8192 partitions. Author: Yuya Watari <watari.yuya@gmail.com> Co-authored-by: David Rowley <dgrowleyml@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: David Rowley <dgrowleyml@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us> Reviewed-by: Andrey Lepikhov <a.lepikhov@postgrespro.ru> Reviewed-by: Alena Rybakina <lena.ribackina@yandex.ru> Reviewed-by: Dmitry Dolgov <9erthalion6@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Amit Langote <amitlangote09@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Ashutosh Bapat <ashutosh.bapat.oss@gmail.com> Tested-by: Thom Brown <thom@linux.com> Tested-by: newtglobal postgresql_contributors <postgresql_contributors@newtglobalcorp.com> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAJ2pMkZNCgoUKSE%2B_5LthD%2BKbXKvq6h2hQN8Esxpxd%2Bcxmgomg%40mail.gmail.com
* Stabilize 035_standby_logical_decoding.pl.Amit Kapila2025-04-08
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Some tests try to invalidate logical slots on the standby server by running VACUUM on the primary. The problem is that xl_running_xacts was getting generated and replayed before the VACUUM command, leading to the advancement of the active slot's catalog_xmin. Due to this, active slots were not getting invalidated, leading to test failures. We fix it by skipping the generation of xl_running_xacts for the required tests with the help of injection points. As the required interface for injection points was not present in back branches, we fixed the failing tests in them by disallowing the slot to become active for the required cases (where rows_removed conflict could be generated). Author: Hayato Kuroda <kuroda.hayato@fujitsu.com> Reviewed-by: Bertrand Drouvot <bertranddrouvot.pg@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Amit Kapila <amit.kapila16@gmail.com> Backpatch-through: 16, where it was introduced Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/Z6oQXc8LmiTLfwLA@ip-10-97-1-34.eu-west-3.compute.internal
* Fix PG 17 [NOT] NULL optimization bug for domainsBruce Momjian2025-04-07
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | A PG 17 optimization allowed columns with NOT NULL constraints to skip table scans for IS NULL queries, and to skip IS NOT NULL checks for IS NOT NULL queries. This didn't work for domain types, since domain types don't follow the IS NULL/IS NOT NULL constraint logic. To fix, disable this optimization for domains for PG 17+. Reported-by: Jan Behrens Diagnosed-by: Tom Lane Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/Z37p0paENWWUarj-@momjian.us Backpatch-through: 17
* Flush the IO statistics of active WAL senders more frequentlyMichael Paquier2025-04-08
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | WAL senders do not flush their statistics until they exit, limiting the monitoring possible for live processes. This is penalizing when WAL senders are running for a long time, like in streaming or logical replication setups, because it is not possible to know the amount of IO they generate while running. This commit makes WAL senders more aggressive with their statistics flush, using an internal of 1 second, with the flush timing calculated based on the existing GetCurrentTimestamp() done before the sleeps done to wait for some activity. Note that the sleep done for logical and physical WAL senders happens in two different code paths, so the stats flushes need to happen in these two places. One test is added for the physical WAL sender case, and one for the logical WAL sender case. This can be done in a stable fashion by relying on the WAL generated by the TAP tests in combination with a stats reset while a server is running, but only on HEAD as WAL data has been added to pg_stat_io in a051e71e28a1. This issue exists since a9c70b46dbe and the introduction of pg_stat_io, so backpatch down to v16. Author: Bertrand Drouvot <bertranddrouvot.pg@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: vignesh C <vignesh21@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Xuneng Zhou <xunengzhou@gmail.com> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/Z73IsKBceoVd4t55@ip-10-97-1-34.eu-west-3.compute.internal Backpatch-through: 16
* Add pg_buffercache_numa view with NUMA node infoTomas Vondra2025-04-07
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Introduces a new view pg_buffercache_numa, showing NUMA memory nodes for individual buffers. For each buffer the view returns an entry for each memory page, with the associated NUMA node. The database blocks and OS memory pages may have different size - the default block size is 8KB, while the memory page is 4K (on x86). But other combinations are possible, depending on configure parameters, platform, etc. This means buffers may overlap with multiple memory pages, each associated with a different NUMA node. To determine the NUMA node for a buffer, we first need to touch the memory pages using pg_numa_touch_mem_if_required, otherwise we might get status -2 (ENOENT = The page is not present), indicating the page is either unmapped or unallocated. The view may be relatively expensive, especially when accessed for the first time in a backend, as it touches all memory pages to get reliable information about the NUMA node. This may also force allocation of the shared memory. Author: Jakub Wartak <jakub.wartak@enterprisedb.com> Reviewed-by: Andres Freund <andres@anarazel.de> Reviewed-by: Bertrand Drouvot <bertranddrouvot.pg@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Tomas Vondra <tomas@vondra.me> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAKZiRmxh6KWo0aqRqvmcoaX2jUxZYb4kGp3N%3Dq1w%2BDiH-696Xw%40mail.gmail.com
* Introduce pg_shmem_allocations_numa viewTomas Vondra2025-04-07
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Introduce new pg_shmem_alloctions_numa view with information about how shared memory is distributed across NUMA nodes. For each shared memory segment, the view returns one row for each NUMA node backing it, with the total amount of memory allocated from that node. The view may be relatively expensive, especially when executed for the first time in a backend, as it has to touch all memory pages to get reliable information about the NUMA node. This may also force allocation of the shared memory. Unlike pg_shmem_allocations, the view does not show anonymous shared memory allocations. It also does not show memory allocated using the dynamic shared memory infrastructure. Author: Jakub Wartak <jakub.wartak@enterprisedb.com> Reviewed-by: Andres Freund <andres@anarazel.de> Reviewed-by: Bertrand Drouvot <bertranddrouvot.pg@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Tomas Vondra <tomas@vondra.me> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAKZiRmxh6KWo0aqRqvmcoaX2jUxZYb4kGp3N%3Dq1w%2BDiH-696Xw%40mail.gmail.com
* Add support for basic NUMA awarenessTomas Vondra2025-04-07
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Add basic NUMA awareness routines, using a minimal src/port/pg_numa.c portability wrapper and an optional build dependency, enabled by --with-libnuma configure option. For now this is Linux-only, other platforms may be supported later. A built-in SQL function pg_numa_available() allows checking NUMA support, i.e. that the server was built/linked with the NUMA library. The main function introduced is pg_numa_query_pages(), which allows determining the NUMA node for individual memory pages. Internally the function uses move_pages(2) syscall, as it allows batching, and is more efficient than get_mempolicy(2). Author: Jakub Wartak <jakub.wartak@enterprisedb.com> Co-authored-by: Bertrand Drouvot <bertranddrouvot.pg@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Andres Freund <andres@anarazel.de> Reviewed-by: Álvaro Herrera <alvherre@alvh.no-ip.org> Reviewed-by: Tomas Vondra <tomas@vondra.me> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAKZiRmxh6KWo0aqRqvmcoaX2jUxZYb4kGp3N%3Dq1w%2BDiH-696Xw%40mail.gmail.com
* Use specific collation where needed in new testÁlvaro Herrera2025-04-07
| | | | | | Oversight in commit a379061a22a8. Per Czech buildfarm members jay and hippopotamus.
* Fix some issues in contrib/spi/refint.c.Tom Lane2025-04-07
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | check_foreign_key incorrectly used a single cache entry for its saved plans for a 'c' (cascade) trigger, although there are two different queries to execute depending on whether it fires for an update or a delete. This caused the wrong things to be done if both types of event occur in one session. (This was indeed visible in the triggers regression test, but apparently nobody ever questioned it.) To fix, add the operation type to the cache key. Its debug log output failed to distinguish update from delete events, too. Also, change the intended trigger usage from BEFORE ROW to AFTER ROW, and add checks insisting on that usage. BEFORE is really rather unsafe, since if there are other BEFORE triggers they might change or cancel the operation we are trying to check. AFTER triggers are the standard way to propagate changes to other rows, so we should follow that way here. In passing, remove a useless duplicate lookup of the cache entry. This code is mostly intended as a documentation example, so we won't consider a back-patch. Author: Dmitrii Bondar <d.bondar@postgrespro.ru> Reviewed-by: Paul Jungwirth <pj@illuminatedcomputing.com> Reviewed-by: Lilian Ontowhee <ontowhee@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/79755a2b18ed4fe5e29da6a87a1e00d1@postgrespro.ru
* aio: Make AIO more compatible with valgrindAndres Freund2025-04-07
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | In some edge cases valgrind flags issues with the memory referenced by IOs. All of the cases addressed in this change are false positives. Most of the false positives are caused by UnpinBuffer[NoOwner] marking buffer data as inaccessible. This happens even though the AIO subsystem still holds a pin. That's good, there shouldn't be accesses to the buffer outside of AIO related code until it is pinned by "user" code again. But it requires some explicit work - if the buffer is not pinned by the current backend, we need to explicitly mark the buffer data accessible/inaccessible while executing completion callbacks. That however causes a cascading issue in IO workers: After the completion callbacks for a buffer is executed, the page is marked as inaccessible. If subsequently the same worker is executing IO targeting the same buffer, we would get an error, as the memory is still marked inaccessible. To avoid that, we need to explicitly mark the memory as accessible in IO workers. Another issue is that IO executed in workers or via io_uring will not mark memory as DEFINED. In the case of workers that is because valgrind does not track memory definedness across processes. For io_uring that is because valgrind does not understand io_uring, and therefore its IOs never mark memory as defined, whether the completions are processed in the defining process or in another context. It's not entirely clear how to best solve that. The current user of AIO is not affected, as it explicitly marks buffers as DEFINED & NOACCESS anyway. Defer solving this issue until we have a user with different needs. Per buildfarm animal skink. Reviewed-by: Noah Misch <noah@leadboat.com> Co-authored-by: Noah Misch <noah@leadboat.com> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/3pd4322mogfmdd5nln3zphdwhtmq3rzdldqjwb2sfqzcgs22lf@ok2gletdaoe6
* localbuf: Add Valgrind buffer access instrumentationAndres Freund2025-04-07
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | This mirrors 1e0dfd166b3 (+ 46ef520b9566), for temporary table buffers. This is mainly interesting right now because the AIO work currently triggers spurious valgrind errors, and the fix for that is cleaner if temp buffers behave the same as shared buffers. This requires one change beyond the annotations themselves, namely to pin local buffers while writing them out in FlushRelationBuffers(). Reviewed-by: Noah Misch <noah@leadboat.com> Co-authored-by: Noah Misch <noah@leadboat.com> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/3pd4322mogfmdd5nln3zphdwhtmq3rzdldqjwb2sfqzcgs22lf@ok2gletdaoe6
* Fix erroneous construction of functions' dependencies on transforms.Tom Lane2025-04-07
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The list of transform objects that a function should use is specified in CREATE FUNCTION's TRANSFORM clause, and then represented indirectly in pg_proc.protrftypes. However, ProcedureCreate completely ignored that for purposes of constructing pg_depend entries, and instead made the function depend on any transforms that exist for its parameter or return data types. This is bad in both directions: the function could be made dependent on a transform it does not actually use, or it could try to use a transform that's since been dropped. (The latter scenario would require use of a transform that's not for any of the parameter or return types, but that seems legit for cases where the function performs SQL operations internally.) To fix, pass in the list of transform objects that CreateFunction identified, and build pg_depend entries from that not from the parameter/return types. This results in changes in the expected test outputs in contrib/bool_plperl, which I guess are due to different ordering of pg_depend entries -- that test case is surely not exercising either of the problem scenarios. This fix is not back-patchable as-is: changing the signature of ProcedureCreate seems too risky in stable branches. We could do something like making ProcedureCreate a wrapper around ProcedureCreateExt or so. However, I'm more inclined to do nothing in the back branches. We had no field complaints up to now, so the hazards don't seem to be a big issue in practice. And we couldn't do anything about existing pg_depend entries, so a back-patched fix would result in a mishmash of dependencies created according to different rules. That cure could be worse than the disease, perhaps. I bumped catversion just to lay down a marker that the expected contents of pg_depend are a bit different than before. Reported-by: Chapman Flack <jcflack@acm.org> Author: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/3112950.1743984111@sss.pgh.pa.us
* Allow NOT NULL constraints to be added as NOT VALIDÁlvaro Herrera2025-04-07
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This allows them to be added without scanning the table, and validating them afterwards without holding access exclusive lock on the table after any violating rows have been deleted or fixed. Doing ALTER TABLE ... SET NOT NULL for a column that has an invalid not-null constraint validates that constraint. ALTER TABLE .. VALIDATE CONSTRAINT is also supported. There are various checks on whether an invalid constraint is allowed in a child table when the parent table has a valid constraint; this should match what we do for enforced/not enforced constraints. pg_attribute.attnotnull is now only an indicator for whether a not-null constraint exists for the column; whether it's valid or invalid must be queried in pg_constraint. Applications can continue to query pg_attribute.attnotnull as before, but now it's possible that NULL rows are present in the column even when that's set to true. For backend internal purposes, we cache the nullability status in CompactAttribute->attnullability that each tuple descriptor carries (replacing CompactAttribute.attnotnull, which was a mirror of Form_pg_attribute.attnotnull). During the initial tuple descriptor creation, based on the pg_attribute scan, we set this to UNRESTRICTED if pg_attribute.attnotnull is false, or to UNKNOWN if it's true; then we update the latter to VALID or INVALID depending on the pg_constraint scan. This flag is also copied when tupledescs are copied. Comparing tuple descs for equality must also compare the CompactAttribute.attnullability flag and return false in case of a mismatch. pg_dump deals with these constraints by storing the OIDs of invalid not-null constraints in a separate array, and running a query to obtain their properties. The regular table creation SQL omits them entirely. They are then dealt with in the same way as "separate" CHECK constraints, and dumped after the data has been loaded. Because no additional pg_dump infrastructure was required, we don't bump its version number. I decided not to bump catversion either, because the old catalog state works perfectly in the new world. (Trying to run with new catalog state and the old server version would likely run into issues, however.) System catalogs do not support invalid not-null constraints (because commit 14e87ffa5c54 didn't allow them to have pg_constraint rows anyway.) Author: Rushabh Lathia <rushabh.lathia@gmail.com> Author: Jian He <jian.universality@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Álvaro Herrera <alvherre@alvh.no-ip.org> Tested-by: Ashutosh Bapat <ashutosh.bapat.oss@gmail.com> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAGPqQf0KitkNack4F5CFkFi-9Dqvp29Ro=EpcWt=4_hs-Rt+bQ@mail.gmail.com
* Clean up error messages from 1495eff7bdbAndrew Dunstan2025-04-07
| | | | | | | Quote file names, and mostly avoid hard coded file names. Along the way make a few other minor improvements. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20250407.152721.1397761902317499205.horikyota.ntt@gmail.com
* Add local-address escape "%L" to log_line_prefix.Tom Lane2025-04-07
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This escape shows the numeric server IP address that the client has connected to. Unix-socket connections will show "[local]". Non-client processes (e.g. background processes) will show "[none]". We expect that this option will be of interest to only a fairly small number of users. Therefore the implementation is optimized for the case where it's not used (that is, we don't do the string conversion until we have to), and we've not added the field to csvlog or jsonlog formats. Author: Greg Sabino Mullane <htamfids@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Cary Huang <cary.huang@highgo.ca> Reviewed-by: David Steele <david@pgmasters.net> Reviewed-by: Jim Jones <jim.jones@uni-muenster.de> Reviewed-by: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAKAnmmK-U+UicE-qbNU23K--Q5XTLdM6bj+gbkZBZkjyjrd3Ow@mail.gmail.com
* Revert "Use workaround of __builtin_setjmp only on MINGW on MSVCRT"Andrew Dunstan2025-04-07
| | | | | | | | This reverts commit c313fa4602defe1be947370ab5b217ca163a1e3c. This is found to cause issues on x86_64 Windows even when using UCRT. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/3312149.1744001936@sss.pgh.pa.us
* read_stream: Fix overflow hazard with large shared buffersAndres Freund2025-04-07
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | If the limit returned by GetAdditionalPinLimit() is large, the buffer_limit variable in read_stream_start_pending_read() can overflow. While the code is careful to limit buffer_limit PG_INT16_MAX, we subsequently add the number of forwarded buffers. The overflow can lead to assertion failures, crashes or wrong query results when using large shared buffers. It seems easier to avoid this if we make the buffer_limit variable an int, instead of an int16. Do so, and clamp buffer_limit after adding the number of forwarded buffers. It's possible we might want to address this and related issues more widely by changing to int instead of int16 more widely, but since the consequences of this bug can be confusing, it seems better to fix it now. This bug was introduced in ed0b87caaca. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/ewvz3cbtlhrwqk7h6ca6cctiqh7r64ol3pzb3iyjycn2r5nxk5@tnhw3a5zatlr
* Remove GUC_NOT_IN_SAMPLE from enable_self_join_eliminationAlexander Korotkov2025-04-07
| | | | | | | | | | | | fc069a3a6319 implements Self-Join Elimination (SJE) and provides a new GUC variable: enable_self_join_elimination. This new GUC variable was marked as GUC_NOT_IN_SAMPLE. However, enable_self_join_elimination is documented and is not different from any other enable_* GUCs. Thus, remove GUC_NOT_IN_SAMPLE from it and add it to the postgresql.conf.sample. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAPpHfdsqMTEsmxk3aQwt6xPz%2BKpUELO%3D6fzmER9ZRGrbs4uMfA%40mail.gmail.com Author: Tender Wang <tndrwang@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>
* psql: Clarify help message for WATCH_INTERVALDaniel Gustafsson2025-04-07
| | | | | | | | | | | The help message for WATCH_INTERVAL was hard to interpret and didn't follow the style of other messages, this updates it to nake it fit in better and be easier to interpret. Author: Daniel Gustafsson <daniel@yesql.se> Reported-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <horikyota.ntt@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: David G. Johnston <david.g.johnston@gmail.com> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20250326.120732.1167093737847500721.horikyota.ntt@gmail.com
* Fix grammar in log message of pg_restore.cMichael Paquier2025-04-07
| | | | | | | Introduced by 1495eff7bdb0. Author: Kyotaro Horiguchi <horikyota.ntt@gmail.com> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20250407.151359.72428746612514925.horikyota.ntt@gmail.com
* libpq: Fix some issues in TAP tests for service filesMichael Paquier2025-04-07
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The valid service file was not correctly shaped, as append_to_file() was called with an array as input. This is changed so as the parameter and value pairs from the valid connection string are appended to the valid service file one by one. Even with the first issue fixed, the tests should fail. However, they have been passing because all the connection attempts relied on the default values given to PGPORT and PGHOST from the node when using Cluster.pm's connect_ok() and connect_fails(), rather than the data in the service file. The test is updated to use an interesting trick: a dummy node is initialized but not started, and all the connection attempts are done through it. This ensures that the data inside the service file is used for all the connection tests. Note that breaking the contents of the valid service file on purpose makes all the tests that rely on it fail. Issues introduced by 72c2f36d5727. Author: Andrew Jackson <andrewjackson947@gmail.com> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAKK5BkG_6_YSaebM6gG=8EuKaY7_VX1RFgYeySuwFPh8FZY73g@mail.gmail.com
* Clarify comment for worst-case allocation in quote_literal_cstr()Michael Paquier2025-04-07
| | | | | | | | | | | | palloc() is invoked with a specific formula for its allocation size in quote_literal_cstr(). This wastes some memory, but the size is large enough to cover even the worst-case scenarios. No explanations were given about the reasons behind these numbers. This commit adds more documentation about all that. Author: Steve Chavez <steve@supabase.io> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAGRrpzZ9bToRWS+fAnjxDJrxwZN1QcJ-y1Pn2yg=Hst6rydLtw@mail.gmail.com
* Fix use-after-free in pgstat_fetch_stat_backend_by_pid()Michael Paquier2025-04-07
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | stats_fetch_consistency set to "snapshot" causes the backend entry "beentry" retrieved by pgstat_get_beentry_by_proc_number() to be reset at the beginning of pgstat_fetch_stat_backend() when fetching the backend pgstats entry. As coded, "beentry" was being accessed after being freed. This commit moves all the accesses to "beentry" to happen before calling pgstat_fetch_stat_backend(), fixing the problem. This problem could be reached by calling the SQL functions pg_stat_get_backend_io() or pg_stat_get_backend_wal(). Issue caught by valgrind. Reported-by: Alexander Lakhin <exclusion@gmail.com> Author: Bertrand Drouvot <bertranddrouvot.pg@gmail.com> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/f1788cc0-253a-4a3a-aee0-1b8ab9538736@gmail.com
* Use XLOG_CONTROL_FILE macro consistently for control file name.Fujii Masao2025-04-07
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The XLOG_CONTROL_FILE macro (defined in access/xlog_internal.h) represents the control file name. While some parts of the codebase already use this macro, others previously hardcoded the file name as a string. This commit replaces those hardcoded strings with the macro, ensuring consistent usage throughout the code. This makes future maintenance easier and improves searchability, for example when grepping for control file usage. Author: Anton A. Melnikov <a.melnikov@postgrespro.ru> Reviewed-by: Daniel Gustafsson <daniel@yesql.se> Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <horikyota.ntt@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Masao Fujii <masao.fujii@gmail.com> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/0841ec77-47e5-452a-adb4-c6fa55d605fc@postgrespro.ru
* Clean up checking for pg_dumpall output directoryAndrew Dunstan2025-04-06
| | | | | | | | Coverity objected to the original code, and in any case this is much cleaner, using the existing routine pg_check_dir() instead of rolling its own test. Per suggestion from Tom Lane.
* pg_upgrade: Fix memory leak in check_for_unicode_update().Nathan Bossart2025-04-06
| | | | | | | | | | This function was initializing the "task" variable before a couple of early returns. To fix, postpone the initialization until just before it's needed. Per Coverity. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/Z_KMsUH2-FEbiNjC%40nathan
* aio: Avoid spurious coverity warningAndres Freund2025-04-06
| | | | | | | | | | PgAioResult.result is never accessed in the relevant path, but coverity complains about an uninitialized access anyway. So just zero-initialize the whole thing. While at it, reduce the scope of the variable. Reported-by: Ranier Vilela <ranier.vf@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Noah Misch <noah@leadboat.com> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAEudQApsKqd-s+fsUQ0OmxJAMHmBSXxrAz3dCs+uvqb3iRtjSw@mail.gmail.com
* Fix memory leaks in px_crypt_shacrypt().Tom Lane2025-04-06
| | | | | | | | Per Coverity. I don't think these are of any actual significance since the function ought to be invoked in a short-lived context. Still, if it's trying to be neat it should get it right. Also const-ify a constant and fix up typedef formatting.
* Use "(void)" to mark pgstat_lock_entry(..., false) calls.Tom Lane2025-04-06
| | | | | | | | | | This should silence Coverity's complaints about the result being sometimes ignored. I'm inclined to think that these routines are simply misdesigned, because sometimes it's okay to ignore the result and sometimes it isn't, and we have no way to enforce the latter. But for now I just added a comment.
* Avoid unnecessary copying of a string in pg_restore.cAndrew Dunstan2025-04-06
| | | | | Coverity complained about a possible overrun in the copy, but there is no actual need to copy the string at all.
* Fix a couple of memory leaks in pg_restore.cAndrew Dunstan2025-04-06
| | | | per complaint from Coverity.