Previously, when looking up a nested location after a prefix location
match, the nested regex or predicate match error could be ignored if
more regex or predicate locations were configured at the current level.
Now such error leads to request finalization.
Ava Hahn [Wed, 25 Mar 2026 01:08:25 +0000 (01:08 +0000)]
Control API.
A new nginx option -l specifies control socket listen address.
The socket is providing an HTTP/1 REST API for retrieving information
about running nginx instance.
Roman Arutyunyan [Sun, 29 Mar 2026 06:47:49 +0000 (10:47 +0400)]
Predicate locations
A predicate location name starts with '$' and is interpreted as a
string evaluated at runtime, and its value is used to route the
request into the location. A predicate location matches if the
string evaluates to a non-empty value not equal to "0". At each
nesting level, the first matching predicate location in the
configuration order is chosen. Predicate locations are matched
after prefix and regex locations. They are not matched if an exact
or a regex location matched, or if the longest matching prefix location
has the "^~" modifier. Predicate locations can be nested inside
other location types and can contain nested locations of their own.
Ivan Ovchinnikov [Fri, 21 Aug 2026 20:48:15 +0000 (20:48 +0000)]
Event pipe: do not free buffers still used by the downstream
When a body filter returned an error, ngx_event_pipe_drain_chains()
returned all buffers to p->free_raw_bufs, including those in p->busy,
which are still owned by the downstream. If upstream EOF was detected
in the same ngx_event_pipe() pass, ngx_event_pipe_read_upstream() then
freed them while still referenced. With HTTP/2 only the stream's fake
connection is marked on error, so ngx_http_v2_send_output_queue() kept
sending DATA frames pointing at the freed buffers, a use-after-free.
Fixed by keeping the p->busy chains intact, the buffers are freed with
the request pool. This also stops the pipe from reusing them for new
upstream reads, which previously could overwrite response body data
still queued for the client. Additionally, the pipe no longer treats
a downstream it has given up on as merely blocked, so the loop is
still guaranteed to terminate.
Vadim Zhestikov [Tue, 11 Aug 2026 21:06:19 +0000 (14:06 -0700)]
Slice filter: overflow protection in slice range requests
When the byte range is passed in the client Range header, the range
start is accepted up to NGX_MAX_OFF_T_VALUE, while
ngx_http_slice_range_variable() adds the slice size to it when
formatting the slice end. With start values close to the maximum
this overflowed.
Now such range starts are ignored, similarly to other ranges not
handled by ngx_http_slice_get_start().
Vadim Zhestikov [Wed, 12 Aug 2026 19:41:54 +0000 (12:41 -0700)]
QUIC: rejected CRYPTO frames received in 1-RTT packets
If a CRYPTO frame was received after the handshake, ngx_quic_handshake()
ran the handshake completion for the second time. With the check added
in 6f8c520f4, this is limited to short header packets.
Since a client has nothing to send in a CRYPTO frame once the handshake
is complete, such frames are now rejected with the "unexpected_message"
connection error, as does TLS 1.3 for handshake messages received out of
order, and QUIC requires for KeyUpdate.
Vadim Zhestikov [Tue, 11 Aug 2026 18:06:28 +0000 (11:06 -0700)]
Memcached: respect the end marker in the maximum supported length
The length in the "VALUE" line was accepted up to NGX_MAX_OFF_T_VALUE,
while ngx_http_memcached_filter_init() adds the size of the end marker
to it. With lengths close to the maximum this overflowed u->length.
Now such lengths are rejected, similarly to other invalid lengths.
Roman Arutyunyan [Thu, 20 Aug 2026 12:53:42 +0000 (16:53 +0400)]
Core: delete accept timer on worker shutdown
Previously, when the worker file descriptor table was full, a listen
connection might be disabled and a timeout might be set for re-enabling
it. If during this period the worker received the NGX_CMD_QUIT signal,
the accept connection would be recycled, but the timer would remain set.
On timer expiration, an attempt to accept a new connection would result
in "accept4() failed (9: Bad file descriptor)" alert because c->fd was
reset to -1.
Fix is to delete accept timer when closing listen connections.
Roman Arutyunyan [Tue, 18 Aug 2026 16:58:42 +0000 (20:58 +0400)]
Core: make channel file descriptor errors non-fatal
If a worker process' file descriptor table is full, recvmsg() is not
able to read out the channel fd sent from the master. This results in
different behavior on different platforms.
On Linux, recvmsg() succeeds, returns the payload and drops the fd.
On BSD systems, the first recvmsg() call fails with EMSGSIZE/EMFILE,
but the next call succeeds and returns the payload without the fd.
On Solaris, recvmsg() fails with EMFILE and drops both the payload
and the fd.
Previously, all of these paths resulted in fatal errors. The worker
channel was closed and the worker was no longer capable of receiving
messages from the master. In particular, the NGX_CMD_QUIT command
could not be delivered anymore. As a result, the worker never exited
after nginx reload and kept running and accepting new connections
forever until killed by a signal.
Fix is to consider those errors non-fatal. An additional check is
added to the NGX_CMD_CLOSE_CHANNEL handler to make sure the worker
has received a file descriptor for this entry before. Also, the
MSG_CTRUNC check is removed since a proper ancillary data size
validation is now implemented.
Roman Semenov [Wed, 12 Aug 2026 16:52:08 +0000 (09:52 -0700)]
Added the json parser module
Added the http_json_module with a json_set directive that
extracts values from JSON stored in nginx variables and exposes them
as new nginx variables. Parsed results are cached per request, so
multiple json_set directives using the same source expression trigger
only one parse. The directive is available in the http main context.
# quoted keys for names containing '.', '[', ']', or that
# are empty; the whole argument is single-quoted so that the
# inner '"' reach the path parser intact
json_set $host $arg_data '["a.b.com"]';
json_set $nested $arg_data 'obj["a.b"].c[2]';
json_set $quoted $arg_data 'obj["a\\"b"]';
}
Roman Semenov [Wed, 12 Aug 2026 16:42:28 +0000 (09:42 -0700)]
Core: allowed top-level scalars in the JSON parser
RFC 8259 permits any JSON value as a complete document, not just
objects and arrays. The start state now accepts strings, numbers,
and the true/false/null literals as well. A bare top-level number,
having no closing delimiter, is emitted when input ends.
Roman Semenov [Wed, 12 Aug 2026 16:40:34 +0000 (09:40 -0700)]
Core: added json parser
An event-driven JSON parser implementing the grammar of RFC 8259.
The full grammar is recognized: objects, arrays, strings with \uXXXX
escapes (including UTF-16 surrogate pairs), numbers, and the
true/false/null literals. Tokens are reported to a caller-supplied
handler, with nesting bounded by a configurable maximum depth.
Roman Semenov [Wed, 12 Aug 2026 16:39:11 +0000 (09:39 -0700)]
Core: added JSON unescape functionality
Decodes JSON string escape sequences in place as defined by
RFC 8259, Section 7: the two-character escapes and \uXXXX,
with non-BMP code points encoded as UTF-16 surrogate pairs
and emitted as UTF-8.
The directive accepts predicates. When enabled, request body is read
immediately after the headers and before choosing a location.
Body read settings from the server block are used in this case.
Vadim Zhestikov [Wed, 19 Aug 2026 19:41:08 +0000 (12:41 -0700)]
Uwsgi: support for multibyte parameter name lengths.
The name length of a configured parameter was truncated to one byte
before the per-parameter length field was written, so that a
uwsgi_param name of 256 bytes or longer was encoded with a wrong
length while the name itself was copied in full. The resulting request
was malformed, and upstream servers responded by closing the connection.
While long names are barely used in practice, it is easy to support
them. The length is now properly encoded up to the allowed length.
Vadim Zhestikov [Wed, 19 Aug 2026 19:41:08 +0000 (12:41 -0700)]
FastCGI: support for multibyte parameter name lengths.
The name length of a configured parameter was truncated to one byte
before the per-parameter length field was written, so that a
fastcgi_param name of 128 bytes or longer was encoded with a wrong
length while the name itself was copied in full. The resulting request
was malformed, and upstream servers responded by closing the connection.
While long names are barely used in practice, it is easy to support
them. The length is now properly encoded up to the allowed length.
Sergey Kandaurov [Mon, 10 Aug 2026 14:10:44 +0000 (18:10 +0400)]
Core: PROXY protocol v2 write support
Add ngx_proxy_protocol_v2_write() that writes the fixed 16-byte
PPv2 header and address block, and appends a list of TLVs.
An address block is written using IPv4/IPv6 mixed-family promotion:
the highest family present on either side (IPv6 > IPv4) is used for
the header, and the other address is promoted into it. Both v4-mapped
addresses are demoted to IPv4.
When PROXY protocol v2 is configured and the downstream connection
is SSL, standard PROXY protocol v2 TLVs are populated:
PP2_TYPE_ALPN from SSL_get0_alpn_selected()
PP2_TYPE_AUTHORITY from SSL_get_servername()
PP2_SUBTYPE_SSL_VERSION from SSL_get_version()
PP2_SUBTYPE_SSL_CIPHER from SSL_get_cipher_name()
PP2_SUBTYPE_SSL_CN from client cert subject CN
PP2_SUBTYPE_SSL_SIG_ALG from server certificate
PP2_SUBTYPE_SSL_KEY_ALG from server certificate
The CRC32c TLV is written last and covers the entire header in place.
This change implements the Castagnoli polynomial code 0x11EDC6F41,
as described in RFC4960, Appendix B. It will be used to calculate
PROXY protocol v2 CRC32c checksums.
felix h [Wed, 5 Aug 2026 17:07:20 +0000 (19:07 +0200)]
Upstream: reject zero WINDOW_UPDATE increments
The HTTP/2 proxy and gRPC upstream clients accepted WINDOW_UPDATE
frames with a zero flow-control window increment. RFC 9113 requires
such frames to be handled as PROTOCOL_ERROR at stream or connection
scope.
Reject these frames as invalid upstream responses.
Roman Arutyunyan [Tue, 21 Jul 2026 14:14:39 +0000 (18:14 +0400)]
Upstream: special handling of the "Host" header in proxy and gRPC
HTTP/2 and gRPC requests are now always sent with the ":authority"
pseudo-header, while the "Host" header is no longer passed.
Where a host value is set explicitly with "proxy_set_header Host"
or "grpc_set_header Host", that value is conveyed in ":authority".
As per RFC 9113, Section 8.3.1, clients and intermediaries MUST
generate an ":authority" pseudo-header to convey authority information.
For HTTP/1.1, HTTP/2 and gRPC, if the explicit value is empty, then
the value of $proxy_host is used instead. As per RFC 9110, Sections
4.2.1 and 4.2.2, the "http" and "https" URI schemes MUST contain a
non-empty host identifier. The change enforces this rule by
introducing a default.
gRPC: narrowed special handling of "trailer only" responses
Previously, the response length was explicitly set to zero if the
initial HEADERS frame was seen with the END_STREAM flag. This was
meant to properly pass responses in the Trailers-Only format as
introduced in 6559a420134b. This handling was too broad though,
passing incomplete responses that carry a non-zero Content-Length
to the client as if they were complete and empty.
Now such responses are caught by the existing checks later on and
are passed as incomplete, similarly to how this is handled elsewhere.
For instance, on HTTP/2 client connections this now results in proper
signalling, an incomplete stream followed by stream reset.
Aleksei Bavshin [Thu, 16 Jul 2026 15:53:21 +0000 (08:53 -0700)]
Script: improved compatibility of complex value codes
In a8289aa69c74, we introduced a new code to finalize the evaluation of
a complex value, deferring the stack update to this new code. However,
the change inadvertently broke compatibility with several third-party
modules that were reusing ngx_http_script_complex_value_code.
This change relegates omitted ngx_http_script_complex_value_end_code
from crash to a potential read of uninitialized bytes at the end of the
allocated buffer.
Roman Arutyunyan [Tue, 28 Jul 2026 14:34:36 +0000 (18:34 +0400)]
QUIC: always validate stream final size
As per RFC 9000, Section 4.5:
Once a final size for a stream is known, it cannot change. If a
RESET_STREAM or STREAM frame is received indicating a change in the
final size for the stream, an endpoint SHOULD respond with an error of
type FINAL_SIZE_ERROR. A receiver SHOULD treat receipt of data at or
beyond the final size as an error of type FINAL_SIZE_ERROR, even after
a stream is closed.
Previously, the stream final size was validated only after other checks
that could return earlier and skip validation: the receive state check
and, for STREAM frames, the check for data below the current receive
offset. As a result, a STREAM or RESET_STREAM frame carrying a final
size error was silently ignored once the receiving part of the stream
had reached a state in which the frame would otherwise be discarded, or
when a STREAM frame did not advance the receive offset. Now the final
size is validated first, so a FINAL_SIZE_ERROR is generated in these
cases as well.
Roman Arutyunyan [Thu, 23 Jul 2026 07:33:13 +0000 (11:33 +0400)]
QUIC: apply stream flow control to RESET_STREAM final_size
Previously, stream flow control was not applied to the RESET_STREAM
final_size, which allowed a client to exceed it. The excess had to be
within the connection flow control limits anyway.
The check in ngx_select_init_conf() can be insufficient because it
doesn't cover descriptors for local files, which are not accounted
for in cycle->connection_n. For instance, to reach this condition
with new connections, no reusable connections must be available for
recycling in ngx_get_connection().
The fix adopts a similar code from the win32 select module.
David Carlier [Tue, 21 Jul 2026 03:35:57 +0000 (04:35 +0100)]
Perl: fixed $r->print() zero copy with mutable scalars
Since d9b7669666c8, the single-SV zero copy path in $r->print() no
longer required the SV to be read-only. Reference counting introduced
by that change keeps the SV alive, but not its string buffer: modifying
a mutable scalar after $r->print() overwrites the buffer in place or
reallocates it, while nginx might still have it queued in r->out, since
small responses are postponed by ngx_http_write_filter(). This resulted
in corrupted responses, and in freed memory being sent to the client
when the scalar was grown.
The SV is now required to be read-only again. Reference counting is
still needed here, as a read-only SV in an eval() might be freed with
the eval's op tree.
Srujan Rai [Mon, 4 May 2026 11:32:43 +0000 (17:02 +0530)]
Autoindex: use temporary pool for directory entries
Directory listing entries (file names, metadata) were allocated
from the request pool and lived until request teardown. Use a
temporary pool instead, destroying it immediately after the
response buffer is built.
Image filter: fixed reading past the received data
The size parser and the image decoders used ctx->length, which is the
allocation size (set to image_filter_buffer when the upstream response
omits Content-Length), as the amount of valid data, so a truncated
response without Content-Length could be parsed or decoded past the
received bytes into uninitialized buffer memory.
The length is now adjusted to the actually-read size once the response
body has been read.
Roman Arutyunyan [Mon, 29 Jun 2026 17:49:27 +0000 (21:49 +0400)]
Avoid duplicate subrequest finalization
Previously, if a subrequest was posted twice, it could be finalized in
both calls, excessively reducing r->main->count and potentially leading
to a use-after-free.
The fix is to avoid posting a request if it's already posted. Also,
as a hardening measure, r->write_event_handler is now reset to a no-op
handler during active subrequest finalization.
The problem manifests itself in ngx_http_ssi_filter_module during
unbuffered proxying. If a subrequest is created for an SSI include
statement while the main request has some data postponed by another
include, this subrequest becomes double-posted when the main request
data is flushed. The first post comes from ngx_http_subrequest() and
the second one comes from ngx_http_postpone_filter(). In case of a
quick subrequest finalization, the above mentioned problem happens.
Pavel Pautov [Fri, 15 May 2026 07:48:50 +0000 (00:48 -0700)]
Fixed uninitialized memory read caused by stale regex captures.
When ngx_http_regex_exec() reallocates r->captures array, it doesn't update
r->ncaptures value, if regex didn't match. So the next use of unnamed regex
capture triggers uninitialized read and potential buffer overrun.
This config demonstrates the issue:
map test $my_map {
volatile;
~mismatch(.*) 1; # reallocates r->captures in subrequests
default "";
}
server {
location ~(.*) { # sets r->ncaptures
slice 50;
# $1 will read from uninitialized memory in slice subrequests
proxy_set_header Test $my_map$1;
proxy_set_header Range $slice_range;
proxy_pass http://backend;
}
}
Script: avoid garbage at the end of the result string
If the script result turned out to be shorter than its predicted
length, the result string contained uninitialized bytes at the end.
The fix is to cut the result string by its actual size.
The following locations returned trailing garbage to the client with
URI "/1234abcd".
Maxim Dounin [Fri, 19 Jun 2026 19:54:46 +0000 (22:54 +0300)]
Script: buffer overrun protection in direct script usage.
Following the previous change, this change adds script overrun
protection to direct script evaluation in the proxy, fastcgi, scgi,
uwsgi, grpc proxy, index, and try_files modules.
This change is a modified version of a patch by Maxim Dounin. The
modifications include ngx_http_proxy_v2_module and hardened size checks.
Signed-off-by: Roman Arutyunyan <arut@nginx.com>
Origin: <https://freenginx.org/hg/nginx/rev/7e4d7feb4c77>
Maxim Dounin [Fri, 19 Jun 2026 19:54:27 +0000 (22:54 +0300)]
Script: buffer overrun protection.
With this change, all script copy operations now check if there is
enough room in the buffer. To do so, the script engine now provides the
e->end pointer, which specifies expected buffer end, and each copy
operation is checked against it with the ngx_http_script_check_length()
function.
The e->end pointer is optional and only checked when set, thus
introducing no incompatible API changes. All standard functions were
updated to use it, notably ngx_http_complex_value(), ngx_http_script_run(),
ngx_http_script_regex_start_code(), ngx_http_script_complex_value_code().
Direct script evaluation in the proxy, fastcgi, scgi, uwsgi, grpc proxy,
index, and try_files modules will be updated by a separate patch.
In particular, this catches issues as observed when evaluating variables
with side effects, such as in the following configuration:
map $uri $map {
~(?<capture>.*) $capture;
}
set $capture "";
set $temp "$capture $map";
As well as when evaluating non-cacheable variables, where length of a
variable might change between length and copy codes, such as in the
following configuration:
Roman Arutyunyan [Mon, 13 Jul 2026 18:16:34 +0000 (22:16 +0400)]
Disable HTTP keepalive for HTTP CONNECT requests
As per RFC 2817 Section 5.2:
Like any other pipelined HTTP/1.1 request, data to be tunneled may be
sent immediately after the blank line. The usual caveats also apply:
data may be discarded if the eventual response is negative, and the
connection may be reset with no response if more than one TCP segment
is outstanding.
A user agent SHOULD NOT send a Content-Length header field when the
request message does not contain content and the method semantics do
not anticipate such data.
Stream: proxy_socket_sndbuf and proxy_socket_rcvbuf directives
Similarly to "listen ... sndbuf/rcvbuf", proxy_socket_sndbuf and
proxy_socket_rcvbuf can be used to set the SO_SNDBUF and SO_RCVBUF
socket options, respectively, on upstream connections. By default,
the values are left unchanged.
Upstream: proxy_socket_sndbuf and proxy_socket_rcvbuf directives
Similarly to "listen ... sndbuf/rcvbuf", proxy_socket_sndbuf and
proxy_socket_rcvbuf can be used to set the SO_SNDBUF and SO_RCVBUF
socket options, respectively, for upstream connections. By default,
the values are left unchanged.
Similar changes made in fastcgi, grpc, scgi, uwsgi, tunnel.
Events: support for SO_SNDBUF on outbound peer connections
ngx_event_connect_peer() honors SO_RCVBUF via pc->rcvbuf but had
no equivalent for SO_SNDBUF. This adds pc->sndbuf and the matching
setsockopt() call, mirroring the existing SO_RCVBUF path.
Both setsockopt() calls are made non-fatal.
Existing callers leaving sndbuf at 0 retain prior behavior, since
setsockopt() is only invoked when the field is non-zero. These
fields are consumed by various proxying modules in follow-up commits.
HTTP/2: reject requests with out-of-order pseudo-headers
Handling of pseudo-headers is refactored to be more in line with
HTTP/3 implementation, that is, a request line is now constructed
as soon as pseudo-headers are followed by regular fields. Here
this plugs a missing handling for absent mandatory or out-of-order
pseudo-headers.
Such requests are now rejected immediately as malformed.
With this change, active request object is recorded in the
ngx_http_perl_call_handler() function, and checked by
ngx_http_perl_set_request() to prevent use of unexpected request
objects.
Reported by Axel Mierczuk, Keith Hoodlet, 1Password’s Off-by-1 Labs.
Maxim Dounin [Fri, 26 Jun 2026 19:23:28 +0000 (22:23 +0300)]
Perl: introduced reference counting for perl scalars
Perl scalars might have a limited lifetime, and using them without
appropriate reference counting is incorrect. In particular, heap
use-after-free was observed in the following configuration (note the
"eval", which limits lifetime of the string being printed), which
demonstrates that the previously used SvREADONLY() optimizations are
incorrect:
Similarly, errors were observed with handlers in $r->sleep() and
$r->has_request_body() when a handler comes from an eval, such as in
the following configuration:
Accordingly, the SvREADONLY() optimization was removed in
ngx_http_perl_sv2str(), since it is expected to be used for small
strings, and using proper reference counting likely will be more costly
than just copying the string. In $r->print(), $r->sleep(), and
$r->has_request_body() proper reference counting was implemented, with
decrement operations being performed by pool cleanup handlers.
As a positive side effect, $r->print() can now avoid copying any single
scalar, not just read-only scalars.
Reported by Evan Hellman,
https://github.com/freenginx/nginx/issues/26
Zhidao HONG [Tue, 19 May 2026 07:59:56 +0000 (07:59 +0000)]
Proxy: fixed HTTP/2 upstream with revalidated cache send
Previously, a revalidated cached response could fail on a cached
keepalive connection with "upstream sent frame for unknown stream"
error followed by "cache file contains invalid header".
This happened because after a 304 response, nginx parsed the cached
response while the upstream peer connection was still attached to the
request. The HTTP/2 proxy code treated cached frames as frames from
that live connection, and could assign a real stream id instead of
treating the cached response as having no real stream.
The fix is to treat cached response parsing as cache-only regardless
of the current upstream peer connection: set the stream id to 0 and
skip live upstream control-frame handling while r->cached is set.
Zhidao HONG [Mon, 8 Jun 2026 03:52:24 +0000 (03:52 +0000)]
Upstream: limit response header field sizes for HTTP/2 and gRPC
HTTP/2 and gRPC upstream response header parsing used the HPACK string
length to allocate header name and value buffers. The length was not
checked against the configured upstream buffer size before allocation.
A malicious upstream could force nginx to allocate excessive
request-pool memory before the header was rejected.
Reject oversized HTTP/2 header name and value lengths before allocation.
Also keep a per-header-block limit based on the upstream buffer size, so
a header block cannot consume unbounded memory across fields.
Zhidao HONG [Mon, 1 Jun 2026 08:41:33 +0000 (08:41 +0000)]
HTTP/2: fixed INITIAL_WINDOW_SIZE with saved state
The window size change was previously kept in a local variable while
processing SETTINGS parameters. If parsing was suspended after
SETTINGS_INITIAL_WINDOW_SIZE, the value was lost on resume and was
acknowledged without being applied.
Store the initial window size change in the HTTP/2 state until the
SETTINGS frame is fully processed.
David Carlier [Tue, 16 Jun 2026 18:58:28 +0000 (19:58 +0100)]
SSL: fixed memory leak in ngx_ssl_get_ech_outer_server_name().
SSL_ech_get1_status() allocates inner_sni and outer_sni and transfers
ownership to the caller. On the allocation-failure path the function
returned without freeing them, unlike ngx_ssl_get_ech_status() which
frees both on all paths.
Maxim Dounin [Sun, 9 Nov 2025 09:01:38 +0000 (12:01 +0300)]
Xslt: xml_external_entities directive
Loading of external entities defined in the internal DTD subset,
that is, in the XML document itself, is now disabled by default, and
can be re-enabled with "xml_external_entities on;". This makes
processing of untrusted XML responses with the xslt module slightly
safer (though still not recommended unless you thoughtfully considered
risks).
To prevent loading we intercept entities defined in the internal
subset via the entityDecl callback, and remove system identifiers from
entities. This ensures that entities cannot be loaded directly, but
still allows using of public entities with appropriate system XML
catalog.
Additionally, since libxml2 before 2.14.0 (Mar 27 2025) accepts
in-document catalogs by default, these are explicitly disabled.
Maxim Dounin [Sun, 9 Nov 2025 09:01:35 +0000 (12:01 +0300)]
Xslt: disabled loading of external entities over the network
Loading of external entities, including ones defined with the
xml_entities directive, happens while parsing the XML response, and
therefore loading over the network can block the entire worker process
for a long time. Loading of external DTD subset is disabled for the
very same reason since initial version of the module.
Further, loading over the network is anyway not available by default
since libxml2 2.13.0 (Jun 12 2024) and completely removed in libxml2
2.15.0 (Sep 15 2025).
As such, the XML_PARSE_NONET parsing option (available since libxml2
2.6.2 from 2003) is now used to prevent loading of external entities
over the network.
The fix includes the socket option level (IPPROTO_IPV6) in the feature
test and the macro (NGX_HAVE_IPV6_DONTFRAG) in the
ngx_configure_listening_sockets() function.
vinaykumar-1591 [Thu, 18 Jun 2026 06:06:33 +0000 (23:06 -0700)]
Upstream: Upgrade header processing
Pass Upgrade through for HTTP/1.x clients only: both for active
connection upgrades (101 Switching Protocols) and for advertising
available upgrades in other responses (RFC 9110 Section 7.8).
Strip it for HTTP/2+ clients where connection-specific headers
are forbidden (RFC 9113 Section 8.2.2, RFC 9114 Section 4.2).
This is actually unnecessary. Thanks to Valentin Bartenev for the
analysis
1. ngx_http_v2_handle_continuation() handles split HPACK integers at
frame boundaries
2. HPACK integers are max 4 bytes (NGX_HTTP_V2_INT_OCTETS)
3. The function is only called when length < 4 (i.e., 1-3 bytes remain)
4. The copy destination is offset by 9 bytes (frame header size)
Since 3 < 9, source and destination never overlap.
Feng Wu [Tue, 23 Jun 2026 23:22:43 +0000 (07:22 +0800)]
Add missing bounds check in ngx_{http,stream}_compile_complex_value()
Complex value compilation scans strings for $1..$9 capture references.
Check that a byte after '$' is present before testing it, matching
ngx_str_t length semantics and avoiding reliance on NUL termination.
Apply the same check to both HTTP and stream implementations.
Feng Wu [Sun, 21 Jun 2026 09:30:29 +0000 (17:30 +0800)]
HTTP/2: fixed overlapping memcpy in CONTINUATION frames
When processing CONTINUATION frames, ngx_http_v2_handle_continuation()
used ngx_memcpy() to shift header block fragment data past the frame
header. If the fragment is larger than the frame header (9 bytes),
the source and destination regions overlap, which is undefined
behavior for memcpy. The same function already uses ngx_memmove()
for another overlapping shift.
Charset: fixed another rare buffer overread in recode_from_utf8()
With prerequisites similar to 696a7f1b9, it was possible to gain 1-byte
overread on invalid UTF-8 sequences. The reason is ngx_utf8_decode()
stops advancing the pointer position on the first encountered invalid
byte. The fix is to adjust the advanced pointer up to the whole saved
sequence in this case. Note that this may result in different output
compared to complete invalid UTF-8 sequences, which we can disregard
at this point.
Reported by Han Yan of Xiaomi and p4p3r of CYBERONE.
Roman Arutyunyan [Tue, 19 May 2026 12:09:35 +0000 (16:09 +0400)]
HTTP/3: avoid recreation of standard client uni streams
Creating a control/encoder/decoder stream while another such stream
already exists, is not allowed. Also, closing such a stream results
in connection closure with NGX_HTTP_V3_ERR_CLOSED_CRITICAL_STREAM.
However, since stream creation and connection closure are asynchronous,
there could be a window where two control/encoder/decoder streams
could coexist within a single cycle iteration. This could result
in reusing parsing context, such as encoder insert buffer.
The change adds a mask for all standard client uni streams ever created.
This allows to check if a stream of this type was created before.
While here, mandatory stream validation now also uses this mask.
Roman Arutyunyan [Tue, 19 May 2026 11:46:31 +0000 (15:46 +0400)]
HTTP/3: allocate insert buffer from connection pool
Previously, it was allocated from the encoder stream pool. This could
lead to use-after-free if the stream was closed and another encoder
stream was opened.