doc: Refresh more URLs in the docs

This updates some URLs that are redirections, mostly to an equivalent
using https.  One URL referring to generalized partial indexes was
outdated.

Author: Kyotaro Horiguchi
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20200717.121308.1369606287593685396.horikyota.ntt@gmail.com
Backpatch-through: 9.5

18 files changed, 39 insertions, 42 deletions

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/acronyms.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/acronyms.sgml
index c64e44b954a..139099e8c67 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/acronyms.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/acronyms.sgml
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@
     <term><acronym>CVE</acronym></term>
     <listitem>
      <para>
-      <ulink url="http://cve.mitre.org/">Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures</ulink>
+      <ulink url="https://cve.mitre.org/">Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures</ulink>
      </para>
     </listitem>
    </varlistentry>
@@ -321,7 +321,7 @@
     <term><acronym>IEEE</acronym></term>
     <listitem>
      <para>
-      <ulink url="http://standards.ieee.org/">Institute of Electrical and
+      <ulink url="https://standards.ieee.org/">Institute of Electrical and
       Electronics Engineers</ulink>
      </para>
     </listitem>
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/biblio.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/biblio.sgml
index 7cac1d22771..d85e3f0a24a 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/biblio.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/biblio.sgml
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
    Some white papers and technical reports from the original
    <productname>POSTGRES</productname> development team
    are available at the University of California, Berkeley, Computer Science
-   Department <ulink url="http://db.cs.berkeley.edu/papers/">
+   Department <ulink url="https://dsf.berkeley.edu/papers/">
    web site</ulink>.
   </para>
 
@@ -240,7 +240,7 @@ ssimkovi@ag.or.at
 
   <biblioentry id="FONG">
    <title>
-   <ulink url="http://db.cs.berkeley.edu/papers/UCB-MS-zfong.pdf">
+   <ulink url="https://dsf.berkeley.edu/papers/UCB-MS-zfong.pdf">
    The design and implementation of the <productname>POSTGRES</productname> query optimizer
    </ulink></title>
    <author>
@@ -360,7 +360,7 @@ ssimkovi@ag.or.at
 
    <biblioentry id="ROWE87">
    <biblioset relation="article">
-    <title><ulink url="http://db.cs.berkeley.edu/papers/ERL-M87-13.pdf">
+    <title><ulink url="https://dsf.berkeley.edu/papers/ERL-M87-13.pdf">
     The <productname>POSTGRES</productname> data model
     </ulink></title>
     <titleabbrev>Rowe and Stonebraker, 1987</titleabbrev>
@@ -385,10 +385,7 @@ ssimkovi@ag.or.at
    <biblioentry id="SESHADRI95">
    <biblioset relation="article">
     <title>Generalized Partial Indexes
-    <ulink url="http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/seshadri95generalized.html">(cached version)
-<!--
-     Original URL:  http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/seshadri95generalized.html
--->
+    <ulink url="https://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.40.5740">(cached version)
     </ulink>
     </title>
     <titleabbrev>Seshardri, 1995</titleabbrev>
@@ -419,7 +416,7 @@ ssimkovi@ag.or.at
 
    <biblioentry id="STON86">
    <biblioset relation="article">
-    <title><ulink url="http://db.cs.berkeley.edu/papers/ERL-M85-95.pdf">
+    <title><ulink url="https://dsf.berkeley.edu/papers/ERL-M85-95.pdf">
     The design of <productname>POSTGRES</productname>
     </ulink></title>
     <titleabbrev>Stonebraker and Rowe, 1986</titleabbrev>
@@ -469,7 +466,7 @@ ssimkovi@ag.or.at
 
    <biblioentry id="STON87b">
    <biblioset relation="article">
-    <title><ulink url="http://db.cs.berkeley.edu/papers/ERL-M87-06.pdf">
+    <title><ulink url="https://dsf.berkeley.edu/papers/ERL-M87-06.pdf">
     The design of the <productname>POSTGRES</productname> storage system
     </ulink></title>
     <titleabbrev>Stonebraker, 1987</titleabbrev>
@@ -489,7 +486,7 @@ ssimkovi@ag.or.at
 
    <biblioentry id="STON89">
    <biblioset relation="article">
-    <title><ulink url="http://db.cs.berkeley.edu/papers/ERL-M89-82.pdf">
+    <title><ulink url="https://dsf.berkeley.edu/papers/ERL-M89-82.pdf">
     A commentary on the <productname>POSTGRES</productname> rules system
     </ulink></title>
     <titleabbrev>Stonebraker et al, 1989</titleabbrev>
@@ -516,7 +513,7 @@ ssimkovi@ag.or.at
 
    <biblioentry id="STON89b">
    <biblioset relation="article">
-    <title><ulink url="http://db.cs.berkeley.edu/papers/ERL-M89-17.pdf">
+    <title><ulink url="https://dsf.berkeley.edu/papers/ERL-M89-17.pdf">
     The case for partial indexes
     </ulink></title>
     <titleabbrev>Stonebraker, M, 1989b</titleabbrev>
@@ -536,7 +533,7 @@ ssimkovi@ag.or.at
 
    <biblioentry id="STON90a">
    <biblioset relation="article">
-    <title><ulink url="http://db.cs.berkeley.edu/papers/ERL-M90-34.pdf">
+    <title><ulink url="https://dsf.berkeley.edu/papers/ERL-M90-34.pdf">
     The implementation of <productname>POSTGRES</productname>
     </ulink></title>
     <titleabbrev>Stonebraker, Rowe, Hirohama, 1990</titleabbrev>
@@ -566,7 +563,7 @@ ssimkovi@ag.or.at
 
    <biblioentry id="STON90b">
    <biblioset relation="article">
-    <title><ulink url="http://db.cs.berkeley.edu/papers/ERL-M90-36.pdf">
+    <title><ulink url="https://dsf.berkeley.edu/papers/ERL-M90-36.pdf">
     On Rules, Procedures, Caching and Views in Database Systems
     </ulink></title>
     <titleabbrev>Stonebraker et al, ACM, 1990</titleabbrev>
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/config.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/config.sgml
index 0aa3c97a0ec..239dbf97ba6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/config.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/config.sgml
@@ -3934,7 +3934,7 @@ local0.*    /var/log/postgresql
         by <xref linkend="guc-log-timezone">.)
         The supported <literal>%</literal>-escapes are similar to those
         listed in the Open Group's <ulink
-        url="http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/strftime.html">strftime
+        url="https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/strftime.html">strftime
         </ulink> specification.
         Note that the system's <function>strftime</function> is not used
         directly, so platform-specific (nonstandard) extensions do not work.
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/cube.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/cube.sgml
index 0a226ca5428..81710cdec1c 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/cube.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/cube.sgml
@@ -389,7 +389,7 @@ t
 
   <para>
    My thanks are primarily to Prof. Joe Hellerstein
-   (<ulink url="http://db.cs.berkeley.edu/jmh/"></ulink>) for elucidating the
+   (<ulink url="https://dsf.berkeley.edu/jmh/"></ulink>) for elucidating the
    gist of the GiST (<ulink url="http://gist.cs.berkeley.edu/"></ulink>), and
    to his former student Andy Dong for his example written for Illustra.
    I am also grateful to all Postgres developers, present and past, for
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/dfunc.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/dfunc.sgml
index ebc85bf54b4..af7c8d0fca7 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/dfunc.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/dfunc.sgml
@@ -234,7 +234,7 @@ gcc -shared -o foo.so foo.o
  <tip>
   <para>
    If this is too complicated for you, you should consider using
-   <ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/software/libtool/">
+   <ulink url="https://www.gnu.org/software/libtool/">
    <productname>GNU Libtool</productname></ulink>,
    which hides the platform differences behind a uniform interface.
   </para>
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/earthdistance.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/earthdistance.sgml
index 6dedc4a5f49..2b6df5fee5a 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/earthdistance.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/earthdistance.sgml
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
  <para>
   In this module, the Earth is assumed to be perfectly spherical.
   (If that's too inaccurate for you, you might want to look at the
-  <application><ulink url="http://postgis.net/">PostGIS</ulink></>
+  <application><ulink url="https://postgis.net/">PostGIS</ulink></>
   project.)
  </para>
 
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/external-projects.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/external-projects.sgml
index 99a259615dd..b2881cccd2f 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/external-projects.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/external-projects.sgml
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@
       <entry>libpqxx</entry>
       <entry>C++</entry>
       <entry>C++ interface</entry>
-      <entry><ulink url="http://pqxx.org/"></ulink></entry>
+      <entry><ulink url="https://pqxx.org/"></ulink></entry>
      </row>
 
      <row>
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@
       <entry>Npgsql</entry>
       <entry>.NET</entry>
       <entry>.NET data provider</entry>
-      <entry><ulink url="http://www.npgsql.org/"></ulink></entry>
+      <entry><ulink url="https://www.npgsql.org/"></ulink></entry>
      </row>
 
      <row>
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@
       <entry>psycopg</entry>
       <entry>Python</entry>
       <entry>DB API 2.0-compliant</entry>
-      <entry><ulink url="http://initd.org/psycopg/"></ulink></entry>
+      <entry><ulink url="https://www.psycopg.org/"></ulink></entry>
      </row>
     </tbody>
    </tgroup>
@@ -252,10 +252,10 @@
    contains several extensions, which are described in
    <xref linkend="contrib">.  Other extensions are developed
    independently, like <application><ulink
-   url="http://postgis.net/">PostGIS</ulink></>.  Even
+   url="https://postgis.net/">PostGIS</ulink></>.  Even
    <productname>PostgreSQL</> replication solutions can be developed
    externally. For example, <application> <ulink
-   url="http://www.slony.info">Slony-I</ulink></> is a popular
+   url="https://www.slony.info">Slony-I</ulink></> is a popular
    master/standby replication solution that is developed independently
    from the core project.
   </para>
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/geqo.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/geqo.sgml
index 38a3ad0cd8b..25cc3e47f28 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/geqo.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/geqo.sgml
@@ -312,7 +312,7 @@
 
     <listitem>
      <para>
-      <ulink url="http://www.red3d.com/cwr/evolve.html">
+      <ulink url="https://www.red3d.com/cwr/evolve.html">
       Evolutionary Computation and its application to art and design</ulink>, by
       Craig Reynolds
      </para>
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/install-windows.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/install-windows.sgml
index e06545f7c91..7087fea72f7 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/install-windows.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/install-windows.sgml
@@ -278,7 +278,7 @@ $ENV{PATH}=$ENV{PATH} . ';c:\some\where\bison\bin';
      <listitem><para>
       Required for GSSAPI authentication support. MIT Kerberos can be
       downloaded from
-      <ulink url="http://web.mit.edu/Kerberos/dist/index.html"></>.
+      <ulink url="https://web.mit.edu/Kerberos/dist/index.html"></>.
      </para></listitem>
     </varlistentry>
 
@@ -287,7 +287,7 @@ $ENV{PATH}=$ENV{PATH} . ';c:\some\where\bison\bin';
       <productname>libxslt</productname></term>
      <listitem><para>
       Required for XML support. Binaries can be downloaded from
-      <ulink url="http://zlatkovic.com/pub/libxml"></> or source from
+      <ulink url="https://zlatkovic.com/pub/libxml"></> or source from
       <ulink url="http://xmlsoft.org"></>. Note that libxml2 requires iconv,
       which is available from the same download location.
      </para></listitem>
@@ -324,7 +324,7 @@ $ENV{PATH}=$ENV{PATH} . ';c:\some\where\bison\bin';
      <listitem><para>
       Required for compression support in <application>pg_dump</application>
       and <application>pg_restore</application>. Binaries can be downloaded
-      from <ulink url="http://www.zlib.net"></>.
+      from <ulink url="https://www.zlib.net"></>.
      </para></listitem>
     </varlistentry>
 
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/intro.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/intro.sgml
index f0dba6f56fb..ad7778599e0 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/intro.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/intro.sgml
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@
   <para>
    <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> is an object-relational
    database management system (<acronym>ORDBMS</acronym>) based on
-   <ulink url="http://db.cs.berkeley.edu/postgres.html">
+   <ulink url="https://dsf.berkeley.edu/postgres.html">
    <productname>POSTGRES, Version 4.2</productname></ulink>,
    developed at the University of California at Berkeley Computer Science
    Department.  POSTGRES pioneered many concepts that only became
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/isn.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/isn.sgml
index c1da702df63..97d1f79a3ad 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/isn.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/isn.sgml
@@ -355,10 +355,10 @@ SELECT isbn13(id) FROM test;
    The information to implement this module was collected from
    several sites, including:
    <itemizedlist>
-    <listitem><para><ulink url="http://www.isbn-international.org/"></ulink></para></listitem>
-    <listitem><para><ulink url="http://www.issn.org/"></ulink></para></listitem>
-    <listitem><para><ulink url="http://www.ismn-international.org/"></ulink></para></listitem>
-    <listitem><para><ulink url="http://www.wikipedia.org/"></ulink></para></listitem>
+    <listitem><para><ulink url="https://www.isbn-international.org/"></ulink></para></listitem>
+    <listitem><para><ulink url="https://www.issn.org/"></ulink></para></listitem>
+    <listitem><para><ulink url="https://www.ismn-international.org/"></ulink></para></listitem>
+    <listitem><para><ulink url="https://www.wikipedia.org/"></ulink></para></listitem>
    </itemizedlist>
 
    The prefixes used for hyphenation were also compiled from:
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml
index e64b7ef0c5f..6f8abfd8efd 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml
@@ -2034,7 +2034,7 @@ SELECT pg_stat_get_backend_pid(s.backendid) AS pid,
    <ulink url="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DTrace">DTrace</ulink>
    utility is supported, which, at the time of this writing, is available
    on Solaris, OS X, FreeBSD, NetBSD, and Oracle Linux.  The
-   <ulink url="http://sourceware.org/systemtap/">SystemTap</ulink> project
+   <ulink url="https://sourceware.org/systemtap/">SystemTap</ulink> project
    for Linux provides a DTrace equivalent and can also be used.  Supporting other dynamic
    tracing utilities is theoretically possible by changing the definitions for
    the macros in <filename>src/include/utils/probes.h</>.
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/nls.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/nls.sgml
index 3adc1a41e15..73b13e77a1b 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/nls.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/nls.sgml
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ msgstr "another translated"
     someone has already done some translation work.  The files are
     named <filename><replaceable>language</replaceable>.po</filename>,
     where <replaceable>language</replaceable> is the
-    <ulink url="http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/php/English_list.php">
+    <ulink url="https://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/php/English_list.php">
     ISO 639-1 two-letter language code (in lower case)</ulink>, e.g.,
     <filename>fr.po</filename> for French.  If there is really a need
     for more than one translation effort per language then the files
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/pgcrypto.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/pgcrypto.sgml
index d6acd6e1446..20c78b39aa1 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/pgcrypto.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/pgcrypto.sgml
@@ -1289,12 +1289,12 @@ gen_random_uuid() returns uuid
      <para>The GNU Privacy Handbook.</para>
     </listitem>
     <listitem>
-     <para><ulink url="http://www.openwall.com/crypt/"></ulink></para>
+     <para><ulink url="https://www.openwall.com/crypt/"></ulink></para>
      <para>Describes the crypt-blowfish algorithm.</para>
     </listitem>
     <listitem>
      <para>
-      <ulink url="http://www.stack.nl/~galactus/remailers/passphrase-faq.html"></ulink>
+      <ulink url="https://www.iusmentis.com/security/passphrasefaq/"></ulink>
      </para>
      <para>How to choose a good password.</para>
     </listitem>
@@ -1340,7 +1340,7 @@ gen_random_uuid() returns uuid
      <para>Description of Fortuna CSPRNG.</para>
     </listitem>
     <listitem>
-     <para><ulink url="http://jlcooke.ca/random/"></ulink></para>
+     <para><ulink url="https://jlcooke.ca/random/"></ulink></para>
      <para>Jean-Luc Cooke Fortuna-based <filename>/dev/random</> driver for Linux.</para>
     </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/plperl.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/plperl.sgml
index 9117769125a..9003f530577 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/plperl.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/plperl.sgml
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
   <para>
    PL/Perl is a loadable procedural language that enables you to write
    <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> functions in the
-   <ulink url="http://www.perl.org">Perl programming language</ulink>.
+   <ulink url="https://www.perl.org">Perl programming language</ulink>.
   </para>
 
   <para>
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/pltcl.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/pltcl.sgml
index 10c4f3feadc..d3582069b26 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/pltcl.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/pltcl.sgml
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
   <para>
    PL/Tcl is a loadable procedural language for the
    <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> database system
-   that enables the <ulink url="http://www.tcl.tk/">
+   that enables the <ulink url="https://www.tcl.tk/">
    Tcl language</ulink> to be used to write functions and
    trigger procedures.
   </para>
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/seg.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/seg.sgml
index 00bd71dcb61..05eb6d44ffc 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/seg.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/seg.sgml
@@ -384,7 +384,7 @@ postgres=> select '10(+-)1'::seg as seg;
 
   <para>
    My thanks are primarily to Prof. Joe Hellerstein
-   (<ulink url="http://db.cs.berkeley.edu/jmh/"></ulink>) for elucidating the
+   (<ulink url="https://dsf.berkeley.edu/jmh/"></ulink>) for elucidating the
    gist of the GiST (<ulink url="http://gist.cs.berkeley.edu/"></ulink>). I am
    also grateful to all Postgres developers, present and past, for enabling
    myself to create my own world and live undisturbed in it. And I would like
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/textsearch.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/textsearch.sgml
index a6d85ebf4d4..ce22fb8a370 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/textsearch.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/textsearch.sgml
@@ -2681,7 +2681,7 @@ SELECT ts_lexize('norwegian_ispell', 'sjokoladefabrikk');
     The <application>Snowball</> dictionary template is based on a project
     by Martin Porter, inventor of the popular Porter's stemming algorithm
     for the English language.  Snowball now provides stemming algorithms for
-    many languages (see the <ulink url="http://snowballstem.org/">Snowball
+    many languages (see the <ulink url="https://snowballstem.org/">Snowball
     site</ulink> for more information).  Each algorithm understands how to
     reduce common variant forms of words to a base, or stem, spelling within
     its language.  A Snowball dictionary requires a <literal>language</>