Add plpython code.

1 files changed, 2623 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/src/pl/plpython/plpython.c b/src/pl/plpython/plpython.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a25f4a9d062
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/pl/plpython/plpython.c
@@ -0,0 +1,2623 @@
+/*                                               -*- C -*-
+ *
+ * plpython.c - python as a procedural language for PostgreSQL
+ *
+ * IDENTIFICATION
+ *
+ * This software is copyright by Andrew Bosma
+ * but is really shameless cribbed from pltcl.c by Jan Weick, and
+ * plperl.c by Mark Hollomon.
+ *
+ * The author hereby grants permission to use, copy, modify,
+ * distribute, and license this software and its documentation for any
+ * purpose, provided that existing copyright notices are retained in
+ * all copies and that this notice is included verbatim in any
+ * distributions. No written agreement, license, or royalty fee is
+ * required for any of the authorized uses.  Modifications to this
+ * software may be copyrighted by their author and need not follow the
+ * licensing terms described here, provided that the new terms are
+ * clearly indicated on the first page of each file where they apply.
+ *
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR DISTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE TO ANY PARTY
+ * FOR DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
+ * ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, ITS DOCUMENTATION, OR ANY
+ * DERIVATIVES THEREOF, EVEN IF THE AUTHOR HAVE BEEN ADVISED OF THE
+ * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ *
+ * THE AUTHOR AND DISTRIBUTORS SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIM ANY WARRANTIES,
+ * INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, AND
+ * NON-INFRINGEMENT.  THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ON AN "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * AND THE AUTHOR AND DISTRIBUTORS HAVE NO OBLIGATION TO PROVIDE
+ * MAINTENANCE, SUPPORT, UPDATES, ENHANCEMENTS, OR MODIFICATIONS.
+ *
+ **********************************************************************/
+
+/* system stuff
+ */
+#include <dlfcn.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <setjmp.h>
+
+/* postgreSQL stuff
+ */
+#include "executor/spi.h"
+#include "commands/trigger.h"
+#include "utils/elog.h"
+#include "fmgr.h"
+#include "access/heapam.h"
+
+#include "tcop/tcopprot.h"
+#include "utils/syscache.h"
+#include "catalog/pg_proc.h"
+#include "catalog/pg_type.h"
+
+#include <Python.h>
+#include "plpython.h"
+
+/* convert Postgresql Datum or tuple into a PyObject.
+ * input to Python.  Tuples are converted to dictionary
+ * objects.
+ */
+
+typedef PyObject *(*PLyDatumToObFunc) (const char *);
+
+typedef struct PLyDatumToOb {
+  PLyDatumToObFunc func;
+  FmgrInfo typfunc;
+  Oid typoutput;
+  Oid typelem;
+  int2 typlen;
+} PLyDatumToOb;
+
+typedef struct PLyTupleToOb {
+  PLyDatumToOb *atts;
+  int natts;
+} PLyTupleToOb;
+
+typedef union PLyTypeInput {
+  PLyDatumToOb d;
+  PLyTupleToOb r;
+} PLyTypeInput;
+
+/* convert PyObject to a Postgresql Datum or tuple.
+ * output from Python
+ */
+typedef struct PLyObToDatum {
+  FmgrInfo typfunc;
+  Oid typelem;
+  int2 typlen;
+} PLyObToDatum;
+
+typedef struct PLyObToTuple {
+  PLyObToDatum *atts;
+  int natts;
+} PLyObToTuple;
+
+typedef union PLyTypeOutput {
+  PLyObToDatum d;
+  PLyObToTuple r;
+} PLyTypeOutput;
+
+/* all we need to move Postgresql data to Python objects,
+ * and vis versa
+ */
+typedef struct PLyTypeInfo {
+  PLyTypeInput in;
+  PLyTypeOutput out;
+  int is_rel;
+} PLyTypeInfo;
+
+
+/* cached procedure data
+ */
+typedef struct PLyProcedure {
+  char *proname;
+  PLyTypeInfo result; /* also used to store info for trigger tuple type */
+  PLyTypeInfo args[FUNC_MAX_ARGS];
+  int nargs;
+  PyObject *interp;  /* restricted interpreter instance */
+  PyObject *reval;   /* interpreter return */
+  PyObject *code;    /* compiled procedure code */
+  PyObject *statics; /* data saved across calls, local scope */
+  PyObject *globals; /* data saved across calls, global score */
+  PyObject *me;      /* PyCObject containing pointer to this PLyProcedure */
+} PLyProcedure;
+
+
+/* Python objects.  
+ */
+typedef struct PLyPlanObject {
+  PyObject_HEAD;
+  void *plan;        /* return of an SPI_saveplan */
+  int nargs;
+  Oid *types;
+  Datum *values;
+  PLyTypeInfo *args;
+} PLyPlanObject;
+
+typedef struct PLyResultObject {
+  PyObject_HEAD;
+  /* HeapTuple *tuples; */
+  PyObject *nrows;  /* number of rows returned by query */
+  PyObject *rows;   /* data rows, or None if no data returned */
+  PyObject *status; /* query status, SPI_OK_*, or SPI_ERR_* */
+} PLyResultObject;
+
+
+/* function declarations
+ */
+
+/* the only exported function, with the magic telling Postgresql
+ * what function call interface it implements.
+ */
+Datum plpython_call_handler(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS);
+PG_FUNCTION_INFO_V1(plpython_call_handler);
+
+/* most of the remaining of the declarations, all static
+ */
+
+/* these should only be called once at the first call
+ * of plpython_call_handler.  initialize the python interpreter
+ * and global data.
+ */
+static void PLy_init_all(void);
+static void PLy_init_interp(void);
+static void PLy_init_safe_interp(void);
+static void PLy_init_plpy(void);
+
+/* error handler.  collects the current Python exception, if any,
+ * and appends it to the error and sends it to elog
+ */
+static void PLy_elog(int, const char *, ...);
+
+/* call PyErr_SetString with a vprint interface
+ */
+static void PLy_exception_set(PyObject *, const char *, ...)
+     __attribute__ ((format (printf, 2, 3)));
+
+/* some utility functions
+ */
+static void *PLy_malloc(size_t);
+static void *PLy_realloc(void *, size_t);
+static void PLy_free(void *);
+
+/* sub handlers for functions and triggers
+ */
+static Datum PLy_function_handler(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS, PLyProcedure *);
+static HeapTuple PLy_trigger_handler(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS, PLyProcedure *);
+
+static PyObject *PLy_function_build_args(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS, PLyProcedure *);
+static PyObject *PLy_trigger_build_args(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS, PLyProcedure *,
+					HeapTuple *);
+static HeapTuple PLy_modify_tuple(PLyProcedure *, PyObject *,
+				  TriggerData *, HeapTuple);
+
+static PyObject *PLy_procedure_call(PLyProcedure *, char *, PyObject *);
+
+/* returns a cached PLyProcedure, or creates, stores and returns
+ * a new PLyProcedure.
+ */
+static PLyProcedure *PLy_procedure_get(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS, bool);
+
+static PLyProcedure *PLy_procedure_create(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS, bool, char *);
+static void PLy_procedure_compile(PLyProcedure *, const char *);
+static char *PLy_procedure_munge_source(const char *, const char *);
+static PLyProcedure *PLy_procedure_new(const char *name);
+static void PLy_procedure_delete(PLyProcedure *);
+
+static void PLy_typeinfo_init(PLyTypeInfo *);
+static void PLy_typeinfo_dealloc(PLyTypeInfo *);
+static void PLy_output_datum_func(PLyTypeInfo *, Form_pg_type);
+static void PLy_output_datum_func2(PLyObToDatum *, Form_pg_type);
+static void PLy_input_datum_func(PLyTypeInfo *, Form_pg_type);
+static void PLy_input_datum_func2(PLyDatumToOb *, Form_pg_type);
+static void PLy_output_tuple_funcs(PLyTypeInfo *, TupleDesc);
+static void PLy_input_tuple_funcs(PLyTypeInfo *, TupleDesc);
+
+/* conversion functions
+ */
+static PyObject *PLyDict_FromTuple(PLyTypeInfo *, HeapTuple, TupleDesc);
+static PyObject *PLyBool_FromString(const char *);
+static PyObject *PLyFloat_FromString(const char *);
+static PyObject *PLyInt_FromString(const char *);
+static PyObject *PLyString_FromString(const char *);
+
+
+/* global data
+ */
+static int PLy_first_call = 1;
+static volatile int PLy_call_level = 0;
+
+/* this gets modified in plpython_call_handler and PLy_elog.
+ * test it any old where, but do NOT modify it anywhere except
+ * those two functions
+ */
+static volatile int PLy_restart_in_progress = 0;
+
+static PyObject *PLy_interp_globals = NULL;
+static PyObject *PLy_interp_safe = NULL;
+static PyObject *PLy_interp_safe_globals = NULL;
+static PyObject *PLy_importable_modules = NULL;
+static PyObject *PLy_procedure_cache = NULL;
+static char *PLy_procedure_fmt = "__plpython_procedure_%s_%u";
+
+char *PLy_importable_modules_list[] = {
+  "array",
+  "bisect",
+  "calendar",
+  "cmath",
+  "errno",
+  "marshal",
+  "math",
+  "md5",
+  "mpz",
+  "operator",
+  "pickle",
+  "random",
+  "re",
+  "sha",
+  "string",
+  "StringIO",
+  "time",
+  "whrandom",
+  "zlib"
+};
+
+/* Python exceptions
+ */
+PyObject *PLy_exc_error = NULL;
+PyObject *PLy_exc_fatal = NULL;
+PyObject *PLy_exc_spi_error = NULL;
+
+/* some globals for the python module
+ */
+static char PLy_plan_doc[] = {
+  "Store a PostgreSQL plan"
+};
+
+static char PLy_result_doc[] = {
+  "Results of a PostgreSQL query"
+};
+
+
+#if DEBUG_EXC
+volatile int exc_save_calls = 0;
+volatile int exc_restore_calls = 0;
+volatile int func_enter_calls = 0;
+volatile int func_leave_calls = 0;
+#endif
+
+/* the function definitions
+ */
+Datum
+plpython_call_handler(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
+{
+  DECLARE_EXC();
+  Datum retval;
+  bool is_trigger;
+  PLyProcedure *volatile proc = NULL;
+
+  enter();
+
+  if (PLy_first_call)
+    PLy_init_all();
+
+  if (SPI_connect() != SPI_OK_CONNECT)
+    elog(ERROR, "plpython: Unable to connect to SPI manager");
+
+  CALL_LEVEL_INC();
+  is_trigger = CALLED_AS_TRIGGER(fcinfo);
+
+  SAVE_EXC();
+  if (TRAP_EXC())
+    {
+      RESTORE_EXC();
+      CALL_LEVEL_DEC();
+      if (PLy_call_level == 0)
+	{
+	  PLy_restart_in_progress = 0;
+	  PyErr_Clear();
+	}
+      else
+	PLy_restart_in_progress += 1;
+      if (proc)
+	{ Py_DECREF(proc->me); }
+      RERAISE_EXC();
+    }
+
+  /*elog(NOTICE, "PLy_restart_in_progress is %d", PLy_restart_in_progress);*/
+
+  proc = PLy_procedure_get(fcinfo, is_trigger);
+
+  if (is_trigger)
+    {
+      HeapTuple trv = PLy_trigger_handler(fcinfo, proc);
+      retval = PointerGetDatum(trv);
+    }
+  else
+    retval = PLy_function_handler(fcinfo, proc);
+
+  CALL_LEVEL_DEC();
+  RESTORE_EXC();
+  
+  Py_DECREF(proc->me);
+  refc(proc->me);
+
+  return retval;
+}
+
+/* trigger and function sub handlers
+ *
+ * the python function is expected to return Py_None if the tuple is
+ * acceptable and unmodified.  Otherwise it should return a PyString
+ * object who's value is SKIP, or MODIFY.  SKIP means don't perform
+ * this action.  MODIFY means the tuple has been modified, so update
+ * tuple and perform action.  SKIP and MODIFY assume the trigger fires
+ * BEFORE the event and is ROW level.  postgres expects the function
+ * to take no arguments and return an argument of type opaque.
+ */
+HeapTuple
+PLy_trigger_handler(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS, PLyProcedure *proc)
+{
+  DECLARE_EXC();
+  HeapTuple rv = NULL;
+  PyObject *plargs = NULL;
+  PyObject *plrv = NULL;
+
+  enter();
+
+  SAVE_EXC();
+  if (TRAP_EXC())
+    {
+      RESTORE_EXC();
+
+      Py_XDECREF(plargs);
+      Py_XDECREF(plrv);
+
+      RERAISE_EXC();
+    }
+
+  plargs = PLy_trigger_build_args(fcinfo, proc, &rv);
+  plrv = PLy_procedure_call(proc, "TD", plargs);
+
+  /* Disconnect from SPI manager
+   */
+  if (SPI_finish() != SPI_OK_FINISH)
+    elog(ERROR, "plpython: SPI_finish failed");
+
+  if (plrv == NULL)
+    elog(FATAL, "Aiieee, PLy_procedure_call returned NULL");
+
+  if (PLy_restart_in_progress)
+    elog(FATAL, "Aiieee, restart in progress not expected");
+
+  /* return of None means we're happy with the tuple
+   */
+  if (plrv != Py_None)
+    {
+      char *srv;
+
+      if (!PyString_Check(plrv))
+	elog(ERROR, "plpython: Expected trigger to return None or a String");
+
+      srv = PyString_AsString(plrv);
+      if (strcasecmp(srv, "SKIP") == 0)
+	rv = NULL;
+      else if (strcasecmp(srv, "MODIFY") == 0)
+	{
+	  TriggerData *tdata = (TriggerData *) fcinfo->context;
+
+	  if ((TRIGGER_FIRED_BY_INSERT(tdata->tg_event)) ||
+	      (TRIGGER_FIRED_BY_UPDATE(tdata->tg_event)))
+	    {
+	      rv = PLy_modify_tuple(proc, plargs, tdata, rv);
+	    }
+	  else
+	    elog(NOTICE,"plpython: Ignoring modified tuple in DELETE trigger");
+	}
+      else if (strcasecmp(srv, "OK"))
+	{
+	  /* hmmm, perhaps they only read the pltcl page, not a surprising
+	   * thing since i've written no documentation, so accept a
+	   * belated OK
+	   */
+	  elog(ERROR, "plpython: Expected return to be 'SKIP' or 'MODIFY'");
+	}
+    }
+
+  Py_DECREF(plargs);
+  Py_DECREF(plrv);
+
+  RESTORE_EXC();
+
+  return rv;
+}
+
+HeapTuple
+PLy_modify_tuple(PLyProcedure *proc, PyObject *pltd, TriggerData *tdata,
+		 HeapTuple otup)
+{
+  DECLARE_EXC();
+  PyObject *plntup, *plkeys, *platt, *plval, *plstr;
+  HeapTuple rtup;
+  int natts, i, j, attn, atti;
+  int *modattrs;
+  Datum *modvalues;
+  char *modnulls;
+  TupleDesc tupdesc;
+
+  plntup = plkeys = platt = plval = plstr = NULL;
+  modattrs = NULL;
+  modvalues = NULL;
+  modnulls = NULL;
+
+  enter();
+
+  SAVE_EXC();
+  if (TRAP_EXC())
+    {
+      RESTORE_EXC();
+
+      Py_XDECREF(plntup);
+      Py_XDECREF(plkeys);
+      Py_XDECREF(platt);
+      Py_XDECREF(plval);
+      Py_XDECREF(plstr);
+
+      if (modnulls)
+	pfree(modnulls);
+      if (modvalues)
+	pfree(modvalues);
+      if (modattrs)
+	pfree(modattrs);
+
+      RERAISE_EXC();
+    }
+
+  if ((plntup = PyDict_GetItemString(pltd, "new")) == NULL)
+    elog(ERROR, "plpython: TD[\"new\"] deleted, unable to modify tuple");
+  if (!PyDict_Check(plntup))
+    elog(ERROR, "plpython: TD[\"new\"] is not a dictionary object");
+  Py_INCREF(plntup);
+
+  plkeys = PyDict_Keys(plntup);
+  natts = PyList_Size(plkeys);
+
+  if (natts != proc->result.out.r.natts)
+    elog(ERROR, "plpython: TD[\"new\"] has an incorrect number of keys.");
+
+  modattrs = palloc(natts * sizeof(int));
+  modvalues = palloc(natts * sizeof(Datum));
+  for (i = 0; i < natts; i++)
+    {
+      modattrs[i] = i + 1;
+      modvalues[i] = (Datum) NULL;
+    }
+  modnulls = palloc(natts + 1);
+  memset(modnulls, 'n', natts);
+  modnulls[natts] = '\0';
+
+  tupdesc = tdata->tg_relation->rd_att;
+      
+  for (j = 0; j < natts; j++)
+    {
+      char *src;
+
+      platt = PyList_GetItem(plkeys, j);
+      if (!PyString_Check(platt))
+	elog(ERROR, "plpython: attribute is not a string");
+      attn = modattrs[j] = SPI_fnumber(tupdesc, PyString_AsString(platt));
+	  
+      if (attn == SPI_ERROR_NOATTRIBUTE)
+	elog(ERROR, "plpython: invalid attribute `%s' in tuple.",
+	     PyString_AsString(platt));
+      atti = attn - 1;
+
+      plval = PyDict_GetItem(plntup, platt);
+      if (plval == NULL)
+	elog(FATAL, "plpython: interpreter is probably corrupted");
+
+      Py_INCREF(plval);
+
+      if (plval != Py_None)
+	{
+	  plstr = PyObject_Str(plval);
+	  src = PyString_AsString(plstr);
+
+	  modvalues[j] = FunctionCall3(&proc->result.out.r.atts[atti].typfunc,
+				       CStringGetDatum(src),
+				       proc->result.out.r.atts[atti].typelem,
+				       proc->result.out.r.atts[atti].typlen);
+	  modnulls[j] = ' ';
+	  
+	  Py_DECREF(plstr);
+	  plstr = NULL;
+	}
+      Py_DECREF(plval);
+      plval = NULL;
+
+    }
+  rtup = SPI_modifytuple(tdata->tg_relation, otup, natts, modattrs,
+			 modvalues, modnulls);
+
+  /* FIXME -- these leak if not explicity pfree'd by other elog calls, no?
+   */
+  pfree(modattrs);
+  pfree(modvalues);
+  pfree(modnulls);
+  
+  if (rtup == NULL)
+    elog(ERROR, "plpython: SPI_modifytuple failed -- error %d", SPI_result);
+  
+  Py_DECREF(plntup);
+  Py_DECREF(plkeys);
+
+  RESTORE_EXC();
+
+  return rtup;
+}
+
+PyObject *
+PLy_trigger_build_args(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS, PLyProcedure *proc, HeapTuple *rv)
+{
+  DECLARE_EXC();
+  TriggerData *tdata;
+  PyObject *pltname, *pltevent, *pltwhen, *pltlevel;
+  PyObject *pltargs, *pytnew, *pytold;
+  PyObject *pltdata = NULL;  
+
+  enter();
+
+  SAVE_EXC();
+  if (TRAP_EXC())
+    {
+      RESTORE_EXC();
+
+      Py_XDECREF(pltdata);
+
+      RERAISE_EXC();
+    }
+
+  tdata = (TriggerData *) fcinfo->context;
+
+  pltdata = PyDict_New();
+  if (!pltdata)
+    PLy_elog(ERROR, "Unable to build arguments for trigger procedure");
+  
+  pltname = PyString_FromString(tdata->tg_trigger->tgname);
+  PyDict_SetItemString(pltdata, "name", pltname);
+  Py_DECREF(pltname);
+
+  if (TRIGGER_FIRED_BEFORE(tdata->tg_event))
+    pltwhen = PyString_FromString("BEFORE");
+  else if (TRIGGER_FIRED_AFTER(tdata->tg_event))
+    pltwhen = PyString_FromString("AFTER");
+  else
+    pltwhen = PyString_FromString("UNKNOWN");
+  PyDict_SetItemString(pltdata, "when", pltwhen);
+  Py_DECREF(pltwhen);
+
+  if (TRIGGER_FIRED_FOR_ROW(tdata->tg_event))
+    pltlevel = PyString_FromString("ROW");
+  else if (TRIGGER_FIRED_FOR_STATEMENT(tdata->tg_event))
+    pltlevel = PyString_FromString("STATEMENT");
+  else
+    pltlevel = PyString_FromString("UNKNOWN");
+  PyDict_SetItemString(pltdata, "level", pltlevel);
+  Py_DECREF(pltlevel);
+
+  if (TRIGGER_FIRED_BY_INSERT(tdata->tg_event))
+    {
+      pltevent = PyString_FromString("INSERT");
+      PyDict_SetItemString(pltdata, "old", Py_None);
+      pytnew = PLyDict_FromTuple(&(proc->result), tdata->tg_trigtuple,
+				 tdata->tg_relation->rd_att);
+      PyDict_SetItemString(pltdata, "new", pytnew);
+      Py_DECREF(pytnew);
+      *rv = tdata->tg_trigtuple;
+    }
+  else if (TRIGGER_FIRED_BY_DELETE(tdata->tg_event))
+    {
+      pltevent = PyString_FromString("DELETE");
+      PyDict_SetItemString(pltdata, "new", Py_None);
+      pytold = PLyDict_FromTuple(&(proc->result), tdata->tg_trigtuple,
+				 tdata->tg_relation->rd_att);
+      PyDict_SetItemString(pltdata, "old", pytold);
+      Py_DECREF(pytold);
+      *rv = tdata->tg_trigtuple;
+    }
+  else if (TRIGGER_FIRED_BY_UPDATE(tdata->tg_event))
+    {
+      pltevent = PyString_FromString("UPDATE");
+      pytnew = PLyDict_FromTuple(&(proc->result), tdata->tg_newtuple,
+				 tdata->tg_relation->rd_att);
+      PyDict_SetItemString(pltdata, "new", pytnew);
+      Py_DECREF(pytnew);
+      pytold = PLyDict_FromTuple(&(proc->result), tdata->tg_trigtuple,
+				tdata->tg_relation->rd_att);
+      PyDict_SetItemString(pltdata, "old", pytold);
+      Py_DECREF(pytold);
+      *rv = tdata->tg_newtuple;
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      pltevent = PyString_FromString("UNKNOWN");
+      PyDict_SetItemString(pltdata, "old", Py_None);
+      PyDict_SetItemString(pltdata, "new", Py_None);
+      *rv = tdata->tg_trigtuple;
+    }
+  PyDict_SetItemString(pltdata, "event", pltevent);
+  Py_DECREF(pltevent);
+
+  if (tdata->tg_trigger->tgnargs)
+    {
+      /* all strings...
+       */
+      int i;
+      PyObject *pltarg;
+
+      pltargs = PyList_New(tdata->tg_trigger->tgnargs);
+      for (i = 0; i < tdata->tg_trigger->tgnargs; i++)
+	{
+	  pltarg = PyString_FromString(tdata->tg_trigger->tgargs[i]);
+	  /* stolen, don't Py_DECREF
+	   */
+	  PyList_SetItem(pltargs, i, pltarg);
+	}
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      Py_INCREF(Py_None);
+      pltargs = Py_None;
+    }
+  PyDict_SetItemString(pltdata, "args", pltargs);
+  Py_DECREF(pltargs);
+
+  RESTORE_EXC();
+
+  return pltdata;
+}
+
+
+
+/* function handler and friends
+ */
+Datum
+PLy_function_handler(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS, PLyProcedure *proc)
+{
+  DECLARE_EXC();
+  Datum rv;
+  PyObject *plargs = NULL;
+  PyObject *plrv = NULL;
+  PyObject *plrv_so = NULL;
+  char *plrv_sc;
+
+  enter();
+
+  /*
+   * setup to catch elog in while building function arguments,
+   * and DECREF the plargs if the function call fails
+   */
+  SAVE_EXC();
+  if (TRAP_EXC())
+    {
+      RESTORE_EXC();
+
+      Py_XDECREF(plargs);
+      Py_XDECREF(plrv);
+      Py_XDECREF(plrv_so);
+
+      RERAISE_EXC();
+    }
+
+  plargs = PLy_function_build_args(fcinfo, proc);
+  plrv = PLy_procedure_call(proc, "args", plargs);
+
+  /* Disconnect from SPI manager and then create the return
+   * values datum (if the input function does a palloc for it
+   * this must not be allocated in the SPI memory context
+   * because SPI_finish would free it).
+   */
+  if (SPI_finish() != SPI_OK_FINISH)
+    elog(ERROR, "plpython: SPI_finish failed");
+
+  if (plrv == NULL)
+    { 
+      elog(FATAL, "Aiieee, PLy_procedure_call returned NULL");
+#if 0
+      if (!PLy_restart_in_progress)
+	PLy_elog(ERROR, "plpython: Function \"%s\" failed.", proc->proname);
+
+      /* FIXME is this dead code?  i'm pretty sure it is for unnested
+       * calls, but not for nested calls
+       */
+      RAISE_EXC(1);
+#endif
+    }
+
+  /* convert the python PyObject to a postgresql Datum
+   * FIXME returning a NULL, ie PG_RETURN_NULL() blows the backend
+   * to small messy bits...   it this a bug or expected?  so just
+   * call with the string value of None for now
+   */
+
+  if (plrv == Py_None)
+    {
+      fcinfo->isnull = true;
+      rv = (Datum) NULL;
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      fcinfo->isnull = false;
+      plrv_so = PyObject_Str(plrv);
+      plrv_sc = PyString_AsString(plrv_so);
+      rv = FunctionCall3(&proc->result.out.d.typfunc,
+			 PointerGetDatum(plrv_sc),
+			 proc->result.out.d.typelem,
+			 proc->result.out.d.typlen);
+    }
+
+  RESTORE_EXC();
+
+  Py_XDECREF(plargs);
+  Py_DECREF(plrv);
+  Py_XDECREF(plrv_so);
+
+  return rv;
+}
+
+PyObject *
+PLy_procedure_call(PLyProcedure *proc, char *kargs, PyObject *vargs)
+{
+  PyObject *rv;
+  
+  enter();
+
+  PyDict_SetItemString(proc->globals, kargs, vargs);
+  rv = PyObject_CallFunction(proc->reval, "O", proc->code);
+
+  if ((rv == NULL) || (PyErr_Occurred()))
+    {
+      Py_XDECREF(rv);
+      if (!PLy_restart_in_progress)
+	PLy_elog(ERROR, "Call of function `%s' failed.", proc->proname);
+      RAISE_EXC(1);
+    }
+
+  return rv;
+}
+
+PyObject *
+PLy_function_build_args(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS, PLyProcedure *proc)
+{
+  DECLARE_EXC();
+  PyObject *arg = NULL;
+  PyObject *args = NULL;
+  int i;
+
+  enter();
+
+  /* FIXME -- if the setjmp setup is expensive, add the arg and
+   * args field to the procedure struct and cleanup at the
+   * start of the next call
+   */
+  SAVE_EXC();
+  if (TRAP_EXC())
+    {
+      RESTORE_EXC();
+      Py_XDECREF(arg);
+      Py_XDECREF(args);
+
+      RERAISE_EXC();
+    }
+  
+  args = PyList_New(proc->nargs);
+  for (i = 0; i < proc->nargs; i++)
+    {
+      if (proc->args[i].is_rel == 1)
+	{
+	  TupleTableSlot *slot = (TupleTableSlot *) fcinfo->arg[i];
+	  arg = PLyDict_FromTuple(&(proc->args[i]), slot->val,
+				  slot->ttc_tupleDescriptor);
+	}
+      else
+	{
+	  if (!fcinfo->argnull[i])
+	    {
+	      char *ct;
+	      Datum dt;
+
+	      dt = FunctionCall3(&(proc->args[i].in.d.typfunc),
+				 fcinfo->arg[i],
+				 proc->args[i].in.d.typelem,
+				 proc->args[i].in.d.typlen);
+	      ct = DatumGetCString(dt);
+	      arg = (proc->args[i].in.d.func)(ct);
+	      pfree(ct);
+	    }
+	  else
+	    arg = NULL;
+	}
+
+      if (arg == NULL)
+	{
+	  Py_INCREF(Py_None);
+	  arg = Py_None;
+	}
+
+      /* FIXME -- error check this
+       */
+      PyList_SetItem(args, i, arg);
+    }
+
+  RESTORE_EXC();
+
+  return args;
+}
+
+
+/* PLyProcedure functions
+ */
+PLyProcedure *
+PLy_procedure_get(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS, bool is_trigger)
+{
+  char key[128];
+  PyObject *plproc;
+  PLyProcedure *proc;
+  int rv;
+
+  enter();
+
+  rv = snprintf(key, sizeof(key), "%u", fcinfo->flinfo->fn_oid);
+  if ((rv >= sizeof(key)) || (rv < 0))
+    elog(FATAL, "plpython: Buffer overrun in %s:%d", __FILE__, __LINE__);
+  
+  plproc = PyDict_GetItemString(PLy_procedure_cache, key);
+  if (plproc == NULL)
+    return PLy_procedure_create(fcinfo, is_trigger, key);
+
+  Py_INCREF(plproc);
+  if (!PyCObject_Check(plproc))
+    elog(FATAL, "plpython: Expected a PyCObject, didn't get one");
+
+  mark();
+
+  proc = PyCObject_AsVoidPtr(plproc);
+  if (proc->me != plproc)
+    elog(FATAL, "plpython: Aiieee, proc->me != plproc");
+
+  return proc;
+}
+
+PLyProcedure *
+PLy_procedure_create(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS, bool is_trigger, char *key)
+{
+  char procName[256];
+  DECLARE_EXC();
+  HeapTuple procTup;
+  Form_pg_proc procStruct;
+  Oid fn_oid;
+  PLyProcedure *volatile proc;
+  char *volatile procSource = NULL;
+  Datum procDatum;
+  int i, rv;
+
+  enter();
+
+  fn_oid = fcinfo->flinfo->fn_oid;
+  procTup = SearchSysCache(PROCOID, ObjectIdGetDatum(fn_oid), 0, 0, 0);
+  if (!HeapTupleIsValid(procTup))
+    elog(ERROR, "plpython: cache lookup for procedure \"%u\" failed", fn_oid);
+  procStruct = (Form_pg_proc) GETSTRUCT(procTup);
+
+  rv = snprintf(procName, sizeof(procName), PLy_procedure_fmt,
+		NameStr(procStruct->proname), fn_oid);
+  if ((rv >= sizeof(procName)) || (rv < 0))
+    elog(FATAL, "plpython: Procedure name would overrun buffer");
+
+  proc = PLy_procedure_new(procName);
+  
+  SAVE_EXC();
+  if (TRAP_EXC())
+    {
+      RESTORE_EXC();
+      PLy_procedure_delete(proc);
+      if (procSource)
+	pfree(procSource);
+      RERAISE_EXC();
+    }
+
+  /* get information required for output conversion of the return
+   * value, but only if this isn't a trigger.
+   */
+  if (!is_trigger)
+    {
+      HeapTuple rvTypeTup;
+      Form_pg_type rvTypeStruct;
+      Datum rvDatum;
+
+      rvDatum = ObjectIdGetDatum(procStruct->prorettype);
+      rvTypeTup = SearchSysCache(TYPEOID, rvDatum, 0, 0, 0);
+      if (!HeapTupleIsValid(rvTypeTup))
+	elog(ERROR, "plpython: cache lookup for type \"%u\" failed",
+	     procStruct->prorettype);
+      
+      rvTypeStruct = (Form_pg_type) GETSTRUCT(rvTypeTup);
+      if (rvTypeStruct->typrelid == InvalidOid)
+	PLy_output_datum_func(&proc->result, rvTypeStruct);
+      else
+	elog(ERROR, "plpython: tuple return types not supported, yet");
+
+      ReleaseSysCache(rvTypeTup);
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      /* input/output conversion for trigger tuples.  use the
+       * result TypeInfo variable to store the tuple conversion
+       * info.
+       */
+      TriggerData *tdata = (TriggerData *) fcinfo->context;
+      PLy_input_tuple_funcs(&(proc->result), tdata->tg_relation->rd_att);
+      PLy_output_tuple_funcs(&(proc->result), tdata->tg_relation->rd_att);
+    }
+
+  /* now get information required for input conversion of the
+   * procedures arguments.
+   */
+  proc->nargs = fcinfo->nargs;
+  for (i = 0; i < fcinfo->nargs; i++)
+    {
+      HeapTuple argTypeTup;
+      Form_pg_type argTypeStruct;
+      Datum argDatum;
+      
+      argDatum = ObjectIdGetDatum(procStruct->proargtypes[i]);
+      argTypeTup = SearchSysCache(TYPEOID, argDatum, 0, 0, 0);
+      if (!HeapTupleIsValid(argTypeTup))
+	elog(ERROR, "plpython: cache lookup for type \"%u\" failed",
+	     procStruct->proargtypes[i]);
+      argTypeStruct = (Form_pg_type) GETSTRUCT(argTypeTup);
+      
+      if (argTypeStruct->typrelid == InvalidOid)
+	PLy_input_datum_func(&(proc->args[i]), argTypeStruct);
+      else
+	{
+	  TupleTableSlot *slot = (TupleTableSlot *) fcinfo->arg[i];
+	  PLy_input_tuple_funcs(&(proc->args[i]),
+				slot->ttc_tupleDescriptor);
+	}
+      
+      ReleaseSysCache(argTypeTup);
+    }
+
+
+  /* get the text of the function.
+   */
+  procDatum = DirectFunctionCall1(textout,
+				  PointerGetDatum(&procStruct->prosrc));
+  procSource = DatumGetCString(procDatum);
+
+  ReleaseSysCache(procTup);
+
+  PLy_procedure_compile(proc, procSource);
+
+  pfree(procSource);
+
+  proc->me = PyCObject_FromVoidPtr(proc, NULL);
+  PyDict_SetItemString(PLy_procedure_cache, key, proc->me);
+
+  RESTORE_EXC();
+
+  return proc;
+}
+
+void
+PLy_procedure_compile(PLyProcedure *proc, const char *src)
+{
+  PyObject *module, *crv = NULL;
+  char *msrc;
+
+  enter();
+
+  /* get an instance of rexec.RExec for the function
+   */
+  proc->interp = PyObject_CallMethod(PLy_interp_safe, "RExec", NULL);
+  if ((proc->interp == NULL) || (PyErr_Occurred ()))
+    PLy_elog(ERROR, "Unable to create rexec.RExec instance");
+
+  /* tweak the list of permitted modules
+   */
+  PyObject_SetAttrString(proc->interp, "ok_builtin_modules",
+			 PLy_importable_modules);
+
+  proc->reval = PyObject_GetAttrString(proc->interp, "r_eval");
+  if ((proc->reval == NULL) || (PyErr_Occurred ()))
+    PLy_elog(ERROR, "Unable to get method `r_eval' from rexec.RExec");
+
+  /* add a __main__ module to the function's interpreter
+   */
+  module = PyObject_CallMethod (proc->interp, "add_module", "s", "__main__");
+  if ((module == NULL) || (PyErr_Occurred ()))
+    PLy_elog(ERROR, "Unable to get module `__main__' from rexec.RExec");
+
+  /* add plpy module to the interpreters main dictionary
+   */
+  proc->globals = PyModule_GetDict (module);
+  if ((proc->globals == NULL) || (PyErr_Occurred ()))
+    PLy_elog(ERROR, "Unable to get `__main__.__dict__' from rexec.RExec");
+
+  /* why the hell won't r_import or r_exec('import plpy') work?
+   */
+  module = PyDict_GetItemString(PLy_interp_globals, "plpy");
+  if ((module == NULL) || (PyErr_Occurred()))
+    PLy_elog(ERROR, "Unable to get `plpy'");
+  Py_INCREF(module);
+  PyDict_SetItemString(proc->globals, "plpy", module);
+
+  /* SD is private preserved data between calls
+   * GD is global data shared by all functions
+   */
+  proc->statics = PyDict_New();
+  PyDict_SetItemString(proc->globals, "SD", proc->statics);
+  PyDict_SetItemString(proc->globals, "GD", PLy_interp_safe_globals);
+
+  /* insert the function code into the interpreter
+   */
+  msrc = PLy_procedure_munge_source(proc->proname, src);
+  crv = PyObject_CallMethod(proc->interp, "r_exec", "s", msrc);
+  free(msrc);
+
+  if ((crv != NULL) && (!PyErr_Occurred ()))
+    {
+      int clen;
+      char call[256];
+
+      Py_DECREF(crv);
+
+      /* compile a call to the function
+       */
+      clen = snprintf(call, sizeof(call), "%s()", proc->proname);
+      if ((clen < 0) || (clen >= sizeof(call)))
+	elog(ERROR, "plpython: string would overflow buffer.");
+      proc->code = Py_CompileString(call, "<string>", Py_eval_input);
+      if ((proc->code != NULL) && (!PyErr_Occurred ()))
+	return;
+    }
+  else
+    Py_XDECREF(crv);
+
+  PLy_elog(ERROR, "Unable to compile function %s", proc->proname);
+}
+
+char *
+PLy_procedure_munge_source(const char *name, const char *src)
+{
+  char *mrc, *mp;
+  const char *sp;
+  size_t mlen, plen;
+
+  enter();
+
+  /* room for function source and the def statement
+   */
+  mlen = (strlen (src) * 2) + strlen(name) + 16;
+
+  mrc = PLy_malloc(mlen);
+  plen = snprintf(mrc, mlen, "def %s():\n\t", name);
+  if ((plen < 0) || (plen >= mlen))
+    elog(FATAL, "Aiieee, impossible buffer overrun (or snprintf failure)");
+
+  sp = src;
+  mp = mrc + plen;
+
+  while (*sp != '\0')
+    {
+      if (*sp == '\n')
+	{
+	  *mp++ = *sp++;
+	  *mp++ = '\t';
+	}
+      else
+	*mp++ = *sp++;
+    }
+  *mp++ = '\n';
+  *mp++ = '\n';
+  *mp = '\0';
+
+  if (mp > (mrc + mlen))
+    elog(FATAL, "plpython: Buffer overrun in PLy_munge_source");
+
+  return mrc;
+}
+
+PLyProcedure *
+PLy_procedure_new(const char *name)
+{
+  int i;
+  PLyProcedure *proc;
+
+  enter();
+  
+  proc = PLy_malloc(sizeof(PLyProcedure));
+  proc->proname = PLy_malloc(strlen(name) + 1);
+  strcpy(proc->proname, name);
+  PLy_typeinfo_init(&proc->result);
+  for (i = 0; i < FUNC_MAX_ARGS; i++)
+    PLy_typeinfo_init(&proc->args[i]);
+  proc->nargs = 0;
+  proc->code = proc->interp = proc->reval = proc->statics = NULL;
+  proc->globals = proc->me = NULL;
+
+  leave();
+
+  return proc;
+}
+
+void
+PLy_procedure_delete(PLyProcedure *proc)
+{
+  int i;
+
+  enter();
+
+  Py_XDECREF(proc->code);
+  Py_XDECREF(proc->interp);
+  Py_XDECREF(proc->reval);
+  Py_XDECREF(proc->statics);
+  Py_XDECREF(proc->globals);
+  Py_XDECREF(proc->me);
+  if (proc->proname)
+    PLy_free(proc->proname);
+  for (i = 0; i < proc->nargs; i++)
+    if (proc->args[i].is_rel == 1)
+      {
+	if (proc->args[i].in.r.atts)
+	  PLy_free(proc->args[i].in.r.atts);
+	if (proc->args[i].out.r.atts)
+	  PLy_free(proc->args[i].out.r.atts);
+      }
+
+  leave();
+}
+
+/* conversion functions.  remember output from python is
+ * input to postgresql, and vis versa.
+ */
+void
+PLy_input_tuple_funcs(PLyTypeInfo *arg, TupleDesc desc)
+{
+  int i;
+  Datum datum;
+
+  enter ();
+
+  if (arg->is_rel == 0)
+    elog(FATAL, "plpython: PLyTypeInfo struct is initialized for a Datum");
+
+  arg->is_rel = 1;
+  arg->in.r.natts = desc->natts;
+  arg->in.r.atts = malloc(desc->natts * sizeof(PLyDatumToOb));
+
+  for (i = 0; i < desc->natts; i++)
+    {
+      HeapTuple typeTup;
+      Form_pg_type typeStruct;
+
+      datum = ObjectIdGetDatum(desc->attrs[i]->atttypid);
+      typeTup = SearchSysCache(TYPEOID, datum, 0, 0, 0);
+      if (!HeapTupleIsValid(typeTup))
+	{
+	  char *attname = NameStr(desc->attrs[i]->attname);
+	  elog(ERROR, "plpython: Cache lookup for attribute `%s' type `%u' failed",
+	       attname, desc->attrs[i]->atttypid);
+	}
+
+      typeStruct = (Form_pg_type) GETSTRUCT(typeTup);
+
+      PLy_input_datum_func2(&(arg->in.r.atts[i]), typeStruct);
+
+      ReleaseSysCache(typeTup);
+    }
+}
+
+void
+PLy_output_tuple_funcs(PLyTypeInfo *arg, TupleDesc desc)
+{
+  int i;
+  Datum datum;
+
+  enter ();
+
+  if (arg->is_rel == 0)
+    elog(FATAL, "plpython: PLyTypeInfo struct is initialized for a Datum");
+
+  arg->is_rel = 1;
+  arg->out.r.natts = desc->natts;
+  arg->out.r.atts = malloc(desc->natts * sizeof(PLyDatumToOb));
+
+  for (i = 0; i < desc->natts; i++)
+    {
+      HeapTuple typeTup;
+      Form_pg_type typeStruct;
+
+      datum = ObjectIdGetDatum(desc->attrs[i]->atttypid);
+      typeTup = SearchSysCache(TYPEOID, datum, 0, 0, 0);
+      if (!HeapTupleIsValid(typeTup))
+	{
+	  char *attname = NameStr(desc->attrs[i]->attname);
+	  elog(ERROR, "plpython: Cache lookup for attribute `%s' type `%u' failed",
+	       attname, desc->attrs[i]->atttypid);
+	}
+
+      typeStruct = (Form_pg_type) GETSTRUCT(typeTup);
+
+      PLy_output_datum_func2(&(arg->out.r.atts[i]), typeStruct);
+
+      ReleaseSysCache(typeTup);
+    }
+}
+
+void
+PLy_output_datum_func(PLyTypeInfo *arg, Form_pg_type typeStruct)
+{
+  enter();
+
+  if (arg->is_rel == 1)
+    elog(FATAL, "plpython: PLyTypeInfo struct is initialized for a Tuple");
+  arg->is_rel = 0;
+  PLy_output_datum_func2(&(arg->out.d), typeStruct);
+}
+
+void
+PLy_output_datum_func2(PLyObToDatum *arg, Form_pg_type typeStruct)
+{
+  enter();
+
+  fmgr_info(typeStruct->typinput, &arg->typfunc);
+  arg->typelem = (Oid) typeStruct->typelem;
+  arg->typlen = typeStruct->typlen;
+}
+
+void
+PLy_input_datum_func(PLyTypeInfo *arg, Form_pg_type typeStruct)
+{
+  enter();
+
+  if (arg->is_rel == 1)
+    elog(FATAL, "plpython: PLyTypeInfo struct is initialized for Tuple");
+  arg->is_rel = 0;
+  PLy_input_datum_func2(&(arg->in.d), typeStruct);
+}
+
+void
+PLy_input_datum_func2(PLyDatumToOb *arg, Form_pg_type typeStruct)
+{
+  char *type;
+
+  arg->typoutput = typeStruct->typoutput;
+  fmgr_info(typeStruct->typoutput, &arg->typfunc);
+  arg->typlen = typeStruct->typlen;
+  arg->typelem = typeStruct->typelem;
+
+  /* hmmm, wierd.  means this arg will always be converted
+   * to a python None
+   */
+  if (!OidIsValid(typeStruct->typoutput))
+    {
+      elog(ERROR, "plpython: (FIXME) typeStruct->typoutput is invalid");
+      
+      arg->func = NULL;
+      return;
+    }
+
+  type = NameStr(typeStruct->typname);
+  switch (type[0])
+    {
+    case 'b':
+      {
+	if (strcasecmp("bool", type))
+	  {
+	    arg->func = PLyBool_FromString;
+	    return;
+	  }
+	break;
+      }
+    case 'f':
+      {
+	if ((strncasecmp("float", type, 5) == 0) && 
+	    ((type[5] == '8') || (type[5] == '4')))
+	  {
+	    arg->func = PLyFloat_FromString;
+	    return;
+	  }
+	break;
+      }
+    case 'i':
+      {
+	if ((strncasecmp("int", type, 3) == 0) && 
+	    ((type[3] == '4') || (type[3] == '2') || (type[3] == '8')) &&
+	    (type[4] == '\0'))
+	  {
+	    arg->func = PLyInt_FromString;
+	    return;
+	  }
+	break;
+      }
+    case 'n':
+      {
+	if (strcasecmp("numeric", type) == 0)
+	  {
+	    arg->func = PLyFloat_FromString;
+	    return;
+	  }
+	break;
+      }
+    default:
+      break;
+    }
+  arg->func = PLyString_FromString;
+}
+
+void
+PLy_typeinfo_init(PLyTypeInfo *arg)
+{
+  arg->is_rel = -1;
+  arg->in.r.natts = arg->out.r.natts = 0;
+  arg->in.r.atts = NULL;
+  arg->out.r.atts = NULL;
+}
+
+void
+PLy_typeinfo_dealloc(PLyTypeInfo *arg)
+{
+  if (arg->is_rel == 1)
+    {
+      if (arg->in.r.atts)
+	PLy_free(arg->in.r.atts);
+      if (arg->out.r.atts)
+	PLy_free(arg->out.r.atts);
+    }
+}
+
+/* assumes that a bool is always returned as a 't' or 'f'
+ */
+PyObject *
+PLyBool_FromString(const char *src)
+{
+  enter();
+
+  if (src[0] == 't')
+    return PyInt_FromLong(1);
+  return PyInt_FromLong(0);
+}
+
+PyObject *
+PLyFloat_FromString(const char *src)
+{
+  double v;
+  char *eptr;
+
+  enter();
+  
+  errno = 0;
+  v = strtod(src, &eptr);
+  if ((*eptr != '\0') || (errno))
+    return NULL;
+  return PyFloat_FromDouble(v);
+}
+
+PyObject *
+PLyInt_FromString(const char *src)
+{
+  long v;
+  char *eptr;
+
+  enter();
+
+  errno = 0;
+  v = strtol(src, &eptr, 0);
+  if ((*eptr != '\0') || (errno))
+    return NULL;
+  return PyInt_FromLong(v);
+}
+
+PyObject *
+PLyString_FromString(const char *src)
+{
+  return PyString_FromString(src);
+}
+
+PyObject *
+PLyDict_FromTuple(PLyTypeInfo *info, HeapTuple tuple, TupleDesc desc)
+{
+  DECLARE_EXC();
+  PyObject *volatile dict;
+  int i;
+
+  enter();
+
+  if (info->is_rel != 1)
+    elog(FATAL, "plpython: PLyTypeInfo structure describes a datum.");
+
+  dict = PyDict_New();
+  if (dict == NULL)
+    PLy_elog(ERROR, "Unable to create tuple dictionary.");
+
+  SAVE_EXC();
+  if (TRAP_EXC())
+    {
+      RESTORE_EXC();
+      Py_DECREF(dict);
+
+      RERAISE_EXC();
+    }
+  
+  for (i = 0; i < info->in.r.natts; i++)
+    {
+      char *key, *vsrc;
+      Datum vattr, vdat;
+      bool is_null;
+      PyObject *value;
+
+      key = NameStr(desc->attrs[i]->attname);
+      vattr = heap_getattr(tuple, (i + 1), desc, &is_null);
+
+      if ((is_null) || (info->in.r.atts[i].func == NULL))
+	PyDict_SetItemString(dict, key, Py_None);
+      else
+	{
+	  vdat = OidFunctionCall3(info->in.r.atts[i].typoutput, vattr,
+				  ObjectIdGetDatum(info->in.r.atts[i].typelem),
+				  Int32GetDatum(info->in.r.atts[i].typlen));
+	  vsrc = DatumGetCString(vdat);
+
+	  /* no exceptions allowed
+	   */
+	  value = info->in.r.atts[i].func (vsrc);
+	  pfree(vsrc);
+	  PyDict_SetItemString(dict, key, value);
+	  Py_DECREF(value);
+	}
+    }
+  
+  RESTORE_EXC();
+
+  return dict;
+}
+
+/* initialization, some python variables function declared here
+ */
+
+/* interface to postgresql elog
+ */
+static PyObject *PLy_debug(PyObject *, PyObject *);
+static PyObject *PLy_error(PyObject *, PyObject *);
+static PyObject *PLy_fatal(PyObject *, PyObject *);
+static PyObject *PLy_notice(PyObject *, PyObject *);
+
+/* PLyPlanObject, PLyResultObject and SPI interface
+ */
+#define is_PLyPlanObject(x) ((x)->ob_type == &PLy_PlanType)
+static PyObject *PLy_plan_new(void);
+static void PLy_plan_dealloc(PyObject *);
+static PyObject *PLy_plan_getattr(PyObject *, char *);
+static PyObject *PLy_plan_status(PyObject *, PyObject *);
+
+static PyObject *PLy_result_new(void);
+static void PLy_result_dealloc(PyObject *);
+static PyObject *PLy_result_getattr(PyObject *, char *);
+static PyObject *PLy_result_fetch(PyObject *, PyObject *);
+static PyObject *PLy_result_nrows(PyObject *, PyObject *);
+static PyObject *PLy_result_status(PyObject *, PyObject *);
+static int PLy_result_length(PyObject *);
+static PyObject *PLy_result_item(PyObject *, int);
+static PyObject *PLy_result_slice(PyObject *, int, int);
+static int PLy_result_ass_item(PyObject *, int, PyObject *);
+static int PLy_result_ass_slice(PyObject *, int, int, PyObject *);
+
+
+static PyObject *PLy_spi_prepare(PyObject *, PyObject *);
+static PyObject *PLy_spi_execute(PyObject *, PyObject *);
+static const char *PLy_spi_error_string(int);
+static PyObject *PLy_spi_execute_query(char *query, int limit);
+static PyObject *PLy_spi_execute_plan(PyObject *, PyObject *, int);
+static PyObject *PLy_spi_execute_fetch_result(SPITupleTable *, int, int);
+
+
+PyTypeObject PLy_PlanType = {
+  PyObject_HEAD_INIT(&PyType_Type)
+  0,                               /*ob_size*/
+  "PLyPlan",                       /*tp_name*/
+  sizeof(PLyPlanObject),           /*tp_size*/
+  0,                               /*tp_itemsize*/
+  /* methods 
+   */
+  (destructor) PLy_plan_dealloc,   /*tp_dealloc*/
+  0,                               /*tp_print*/
+  (getattrfunc)PLy_plan_getattr,   /*tp_getattr*/
+  0,                               /*tp_setattr*/
+  0,                               /*tp_compare*/
+  0,                               /*tp_repr*/
+  0,                               /*tp_as_number*/
+  0,                               /*tp_as_sequence*/
+  0,                               /*tp_as_mapping*/
+  0,                               /*tp_hash*/
+  0,                               /*tp_call*/
+  0,                               /*tp_str*/
+  0,                               /*tp_getattro*/
+  0,                               /*tp_setattro*/
+  0,                               /*tp_as_buffer*/
+  0,                               /*tp_xxx4*/
+  PLy_plan_doc,                    /*tp_doc*/
+};
+
+PyMethodDef PLy_plan_methods[] = {
+  { "status",  (PyCFunction) PLy_plan_status,  METH_VARARGS, NULL },
+  { NULL, NULL, 0, NULL }
+};
+
+
+PySequenceMethods PLy_result_as_sequence = {
+  (inquiry) PLy_result_length,                /* sq_length */
+  (binaryfunc) 0,                             /* sq_concat */
+  (intargfunc) 0,                             /* sq_repeat */
+  (intargfunc) PLy_result_item,               /* sq_item */
+  (intintargfunc) PLy_result_slice,           /* sq_slice */
+  (intobjargproc) PLy_result_ass_item,        /* sq_ass_item */
+  (intintobjargproc) PLy_result_ass_slice,    /* sq_ass_slice */
+};
+
+PyTypeObject PLy_ResultType = {
+  PyObject_HEAD_INIT(&PyType_Type)
+  0,                                 /*ob_size*/
+  "PLyResult",                       /*tp_name*/
+  sizeof(PLyResultObject),           /*tp_size*/
+  0,                                 /*tp_itemsize*/
+  /* methods 
+   */
+  (destructor) PLy_result_dealloc,   /*tp_dealloc*/
+  0,                                 /*tp_print*/
+  (getattrfunc) PLy_result_getattr,  /*tp_getattr*/
+  0,                                 /*tp_setattr*/
+  0,                                 /*tp_compare*/
+  0,                                 /*tp_repr*/
+  0,                                 /*tp_as_number*/
+  &PLy_result_as_sequence,           /*tp_as_sequence*/
+  0,                                 /*tp_as_mapping*/
+  0,                                 /*tp_hash*/
+  0,                                 /*tp_call*/
+  0,                                 /*tp_str*/
+  0,                                 /*tp_getattro*/
+  0,                                 /*tp_setattro*/
+  0,                                 /*tp_as_buffer*/
+  0,                                 /*tp_xxx4*/
+  PLy_result_doc,                    /*tp_doc*/
+};
+
+PyMethodDef PLy_result_methods[] = {
+  { "fetch",  (PyCFunction) PLy_result_fetch,  METH_VARARGS, NULL,},
+  { "nrows",  (PyCFunction) PLy_result_nrows,  METH_VARARGS, NULL },
+  { "status", (PyCFunction) PLy_result_status, METH_VARARGS, NULL },
+  { NULL, NULL, 0, NULL }
+};
+
+
+static PyMethodDef PLy_methods[] = {
+  /* logging methods
+   */
+  { "debug", PLy_debug, METH_VARARGS, NULL },
+  { "error", PLy_error, METH_VARARGS, NULL },
+  { "fatal", PLy_fatal, METH_VARARGS, NULL },
+  { "notice", PLy_notice, METH_VARARGS, NULL },
+
+  /* create a stored plan
+   */
+  { "prepare", PLy_spi_prepare, METH_VARARGS, NULL },
+  
+  /* execute a plan or query
+   */
+  { "execute", PLy_spi_execute, METH_VARARGS, NULL },
+
+  { NULL, NULL, 0, NULL }
+};
+
+
+/* plan object methods
+ */
+PyObject *
+PLy_plan_new(void)
+{
+  PLyPlanObject *ob;
+  
+  enter();
+
+  if ((ob = PyObject_NEW(PLyPlanObject, &PLy_PlanType)) == NULL)
+    return NULL;
+
+  ob->plan = NULL;
+  ob->nargs = 0;
+  ob->types = NULL;
+  ob->args = NULL;
+
+  return (PyObject *) ob;
+}
+
+
+void
+PLy_plan_dealloc(PyObject *arg)
+{
+  PLyPlanObject *ob = (PLyPlanObject *) arg;
+
+  enter();
+
+  if (ob->plan)
+    {
+      /* free the plan...
+       * pfree(ob->plan); 
+       *
+       * FIXME -- leaks saved plan on object destruction.  can
+       *          this be avoided?
+       */
+    }
+  if (ob->types)
+    PLy_free(ob->types);
+  if (ob->args)
+    {
+      int i;
+
+      for (i = 0; i < ob->nargs; i++)
+	PLy_typeinfo_dealloc(&ob->args[i]);
+      PLy_free(ob->args);
+    }
+
+  PyMem_DEL(arg);
+
+  leave();
+}
+
+
+PyObject *
+PLy_plan_getattr(PyObject *self, char *name)
+{
+  return Py_FindMethod(PLy_plan_methods, self, name);
+}
+
+PyObject *
+PLy_plan_status(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
+{
+  if (PyArg_ParseTuple(args, ""))
+    {
+      Py_INCREF(Py_True);
+      return Py_True;
+      /* return PyInt_FromLong(self->status); */
+    }
+  PyErr_SetString(PLy_exc_error, "plan.status() takes no arguments");
+  return NULL;
+}
+
+
+
+/* result object methods
+ */
+
+static PyObject *
+PLy_result_new(void)
+{
+  PLyResultObject *ob;
+  
+  enter();
+
+  if ((ob = PyObject_NEW(PLyResultObject, &PLy_ResultType)) == NULL)
+    return NULL;
+
+  /*   ob->tuples = NULL; */
+
+  Py_INCREF(Py_None);
+  ob->status = Py_None;
+  ob->nrows = PyInt_FromLong(-1);
+  ob->rows = PyList_New(0);
+
+  return (PyObject *) ob;
+}
+
+static void
+PLy_result_dealloc(PyObject *arg)
+{
+  PLyResultObject *ob = (PLyResultObject *) arg;
+
+  enter();
+
+  Py_XDECREF(ob->nrows);
+  Py_XDECREF(ob->rows);
+  Py_XDECREF(ob->status);
+
+  PyMem_DEL(ob);
+}
+
+static PyObject *
+PLy_result_getattr(PyObject *self, char *attr)
+{
+  return NULL;
+}
+
+static PyObject *
+PLy_result_fetch(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
+{
+  return NULL;
+}
+
+static PyObject *
+PLy_result_nrows(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
+{
+  PLyResultObject *ob = (PLyResultObject *) self;
+  Py_INCREF(ob->nrows);
+  return ob->nrows;
+}
+
+static PyObject *
+PLy_result_status(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
+{
+  PLyResultObject *ob = (PLyResultObject *) self;
+  Py_INCREF(ob->status);
+  return ob->status;
+}
+
+int
+PLy_result_length(PyObject *arg)
+{
+  PLyResultObject *ob = (PLyResultObject *) arg;
+  return PyList_Size(ob->rows);
+}
+
+PyObject *
+PLy_result_item(PyObject *arg, int idx)
+{
+  PyObject *rv;
+  PLyResultObject *ob = (PLyResultObject *) arg;
+
+  rv = PyList_GetItem(ob->rows, idx);
+  if (rv != NULL)
+    Py_INCREF(rv);
+  return rv;
+}
+
+int
+PLy_result_ass_item(PyObject *arg, int idx, PyObject *item)
+{
+  int rv;
+  PLyResultObject *ob = (PLyResultObject *) arg;
+
+  Py_INCREF(item);
+  rv = PyList_SetItem(ob->rows, idx, item);
+  return rv;
+}
+
+PyObject *
+PLy_result_slice(PyObject *arg, int lidx, int hidx)
+{
+  PyObject *rv;
+  PLyResultObject *ob = (PLyResultObject *) arg;
+  
+  rv = PyList_GetSlice(ob->rows, lidx, hidx);
+  if (rv == NULL)
+    return NULL;
+  Py_INCREF(rv);
+  return rv;
+}
+
+int
+PLy_result_ass_slice(PyObject *arg, int lidx, int hidx, PyObject *slice)
+{
+  int rv;
+  PLyResultObject *ob = (PLyResultObject *) arg;
+  
+  rv = PyList_SetSlice(ob->rows, lidx, hidx, slice);
+  return rv;
+}
+
+/* SPI interface
+ */
+PyObject *
+PLy_spi_prepare(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
+{
+  DECLARE_EXC();
+  PLyPlanObject *plan;
+  PyObject *list = NULL;
+  PyObject *optr = NULL;
+  char *query;
+
+  enter();
+
+  if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "s|O", &query, &list))
+    {
+      PyErr_SetString(PLy_exc_spi_error,
+		      "Invalid arguments for plpy.prepare()");
+      return NULL;
+    }
+
+  if ((list) && (!PySequence_Check(list)))
+    {
+      PyErr_SetString(PLy_exc_spi_error,
+		      "Second argument in plpy.prepare() must be a sequence");
+      return NULL;
+    }
+
+
+  if ((plan = (PLyPlanObject *) PLy_plan_new()) == NULL)
+    return NULL;
+
+  SAVE_EXC();
+  if (TRAP_EXC())
+    {
+      RESTORE_EXC();
+      Py_DECREF(plan);
+      Py_XDECREF(optr);
+      if (!PyErr_Occurred ())
+	PyErr_SetString(PLy_exc_spi_error,
+			"Unknown error in PLy_spi_prepare.");
+      return NULL;
+    }
+
+  if (list != NULL)
+    {
+      int nargs, i;
+
+     
+      nargs = PySequence_Length(list);
+      if (nargs > 0)
+	{
+	  plan->nargs = nargs;
+	  plan->types = PLy_malloc(sizeof(Oid) * nargs);
+	  plan->values = PLy_malloc(sizeof(Datum) * nargs);
+	  plan->args = PLy_malloc(sizeof(PLyTypeInfo) * nargs);
+
+	  /* the other loop might throw an exception, if PLyTypeInfo
+	   * member isn't properly initialized the Py_DECREF(plan)
+	   * will go boom
+	   */
+	  for (i = 0; i < nargs; i++)
+	    {
+	      PLy_typeinfo_init(&plan->args[i]);
+	      plan->values[i] = (Datum) NULL;
+	    }
+
+	  for (i = 0; i < nargs; i++)
+	    {
+	      char *sptr;
+	      HeapTuple typeTup;
+	      Form_pg_type typeStruct;
+
+	      optr = PySequence_GetItem(list, i);
+	      if (!PyString_Check(optr))
+		{
+		  PyErr_SetString(PLy_exc_spi_error,
+				  "Type names must be strings.");
+		  RAISE_EXC(1);
+		}
+	      sptr = PyString_AsString(optr);
+	      typeTup = SearchSysCache(TYPENAME, PointerGetDatum(sptr),
+				       0, 0, 0);
+	      if (!HeapTupleIsValid(typeTup))
+		{
+		  PLy_exception_set(PLy_exc_spi_error,
+				    "Cache lookup for type `%s' failed.",
+				    sptr);
+		  RAISE_EXC(1);
+		}
+
+	      Py_DECREF(optr);
+	      optr = NULL;     /* this is important */
+
+	      plan->types[i] = typeTup->t_data->t_oid;
+	      typeStruct = (Form_pg_type) GETSTRUCT(typeTup);
+	      if (typeStruct->typrelid == InvalidOid)
+		PLy_output_datum_func(&plan->args[i], typeStruct);
+	      else
+		{
+		  PyErr_SetString(PLy_exc_spi_error, 
+				  "tuples not handled in plpy.prepare, yet.");
+		  RAISE_EXC(1);
+		}
+	      ReleaseSysCache(typeTup);
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+
+  plan->plan = SPI_prepare(query, plan->nargs, plan->types);
+  if (plan->plan == NULL)
+    {
+      PLy_exception_set(PLy_exc_spi_error,
+			"Unable to prepare plan. SPI_prepare failed -- %s.",
+			PLy_spi_error_string(SPI_result));
+      RAISE_EXC(1);
+    }
+
+  plan->plan = SPI_saveplan(plan->plan);
+  if (plan->plan == NULL)
+    {
+      PLy_exception_set(PLy_exc_spi_error,
+			"Unable to save plan. SPI_saveplan failed -- %s.",
+			PLy_spi_error_string(SPI_result));
+      RAISE_EXC(1);
+    }
+
+  RESTORE_EXC();
+
+  return (PyObject *) plan;
+}
+
+/* execute(query="select * from foo", limit=5)
+ * execute(plan=plan, values=(foo, bar), limit=5)
+ */
+PyObject *
+PLy_spi_execute(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
+{
+  char *query;
+  PyObject *plan;
+  PyObject *list = NULL;
+  int limit = 0;
+
+  enter();
+
+#if 0
+  /* there should - hahaha - be an python exception set so just
+   * return NULL.  FIXME -- is this needed?
+   */
+  if (PLy_restart_in_progress)
+    return NULL;
+#endif
+
+  if (PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "s|i", &query, &limit))
+    return PLy_spi_execute_query(query, limit);
+
+  PyErr_Clear();
+
+  if ((PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "O|Oi", &plan, &list, &limit)) &&
+      (is_PLyPlanObject(plan)))
+    {
+      PyObject *rv = PLy_spi_execute_plan(plan, list, limit);
+      return rv;
+    }
+
+  PyErr_SetString(PLy_exc_error, "Expected a query or plan.");
+  return NULL;
+}
+
+PyObject *
+PLy_spi_execute_plan(PyObject *ob, PyObject *list, int limit)
+{
+  DECLARE_EXC();
+  int nargs, i, rv;
+  PLyPlanObject *plan;
+
+  enter();
+
+  if (list != NULL)
+    {
+      if ((!PySequence_Check(list)) || (PyString_Check(list)))
+	{
+	  char *msg = "plpy.execute() takes a sequence as its second argument";
+	  PyErr_SetString(PLy_exc_spi_error, msg);
+	  return NULL;
+	}
+      nargs = PySequence_Length(list);
+    }
+  else
+    nargs = 0;
+
+  plan = (PLyPlanObject *) ob;
+
+  if (nargs != plan->nargs)
+    {
+      char *sv;
+
+      PyObject *so = PyObject_Str(list);
+      sv = PyString_AsString(so);
+      PLy_exception_set(PLy_exc_spi_error,
+			"Expected sequence of %d arguments, got %d. %s",
+			plan->nargs, nargs, sv);
+      Py_DECREF(so);
+
+      return NULL;
+    }
+
+  SAVE_EXC();
+  if (TRAP_EXC())
+    {
+      RESTORE_EXC();
+
+      /* cleanup plan->values array
+       */
+      for (i = 0; i < nargs; i++)
+	{
+	  /* FIXME -- typbyval the proper check?
+	   */
+	  if ((plan->values[i] != (Datum) NULL) &&
+	      (plan->args[i].out.d.typlen < 0))
+	    {
+	      pfree((void *) plan->values[i]);
+	      plan->values[i] = (Datum) NULL;
+	    }
+	}
+
+      if (!PyErr_Occurred())
+	PyErr_SetString(PLy_exc_error,
+			"Unknown error in PLy_spi_execute_plan");
+      return NULL;
+    }
+
+  if (nargs)
+    {
+      for (i = 0; i < nargs; i++)
+	{
+	  Datum typelem, typlen, dv;
+	  PyObject *elem, *so;
+	  char *sv;
+
+	  typelem = ObjectIdGetDatum(plan->args[i].out.d.typelem);
+	  typlen = Int32GetDatum(plan->args[i].out.d.typlen);
+	  elem = PySequence_GetItem(list, i);
+	  so = PyObject_Str(elem);
+	  sv = PyString_AsString(so);
+	  dv = CStringGetDatum(sv);
+
+	  /* FIXME -- if this can elog, we have leak
+	   */
+	  plan->values[i] = FunctionCall3(&(plan->args[i].out.d.typfunc),
+					  dv, typelem, typlen);
+
+	  Py_DECREF(so);
+	  Py_DECREF(elem);
+	}
+    }
+
+  rv = SPI_execp(plan->plan, plan->values, NULL, limit);
+  RESTORE_EXC();
+
+  for (i = 0; i < nargs; i++)
+    {
+      /* FIXME -- typbyval the proper check?
+       */
+      if ((plan->values[i] != (Datum) NULL) &&
+	  (plan->args[i].out.d.typlen < 0))
+	{
+	  pfree((void *) plan->values[i]);
+	  plan->values[i] = (Datum) NULL;
+	}
+    }
+
+  if (rv < 0)
+    {
+      PLy_exception_set(PLy_exc_spi_error,
+			"Unable to execute plan.  SPI_execp failed -- %s",
+			PLy_spi_error_string(rv));
+      return NULL;
+    }
+
+  return PLy_spi_execute_fetch_result(SPI_tuptable, SPI_processed, rv);  
+}
+
+PyObject *
+PLy_spi_execute_query(char *query, int limit)
+{
+  DECLARE_EXC();
+  int rv;
+
+  SAVE_EXC();
+  if (TRAP_EXC())
+    {
+      RESTORE_EXC();
+
+      if ((!PLy_restart_in_progress) && (!PyErr_Occurred()))
+	PyErr_SetString(PLy_exc_spi_error,
+			"Unknown error in PLy_spi_execute_query.");
+      return NULL;
+    }
+  
+  rv = SPI_exec(query, limit);
+  RESTORE_EXC();
+
+  if (rv < 0)
+    {
+      PLy_exception_set(PLy_exc_spi_error,
+			"Unable to execute query.  SPI_exec failed -- %s",
+			PLy_spi_error_string(rv));
+      return NULL;
+    }
+
+  return PLy_spi_execute_fetch_result(SPI_tuptable, SPI_processed, rv);
+}
+
+PyObject *
+PLy_spi_execute_fetch_result(SPITupleTable *tuptable, int rows, int status)
+{
+  PLyResultObject *result;
+
+  enter();
+
+  result = (PLyResultObject *) PLy_result_new();
+  Py_DECREF(result->status);
+  result->status = PyInt_FromLong(status);
+
+  if (status == SPI_OK_UTILITY)
+    {
+      Py_DECREF(result->nrows);
+      result->nrows = PyInt_FromLong(0);
+    }
+  else if (status != SPI_OK_SELECT)
+    {
+      Py_DECREF(result->nrows);
+      result->nrows = PyInt_FromLong(rows);
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      DECLARE_EXC();
+      PLyTypeInfo args;
+      int i;
+
+      PLy_typeinfo_init(&args);
+      Py_DECREF(result->nrows);
+      result->nrows = PyInt_FromLong(rows);
+
+      SAVE_EXC();
+      if (TRAP_EXC())
+	{
+	  RESTORE_EXC();
+
+	  if (!PyErr_Occurred())
+	    PyErr_SetString(PLy_exc_error,
+			    "Unknown error in PLy_spi_execute_fetch_result");
+	  Py_DECREF(result);
+	  PLy_typeinfo_dealloc(&args);
+	  return NULL;
+	}
+      
+      if (rows)
+	{
+	  Py_DECREF(result->rows);
+	  result->rows = PyList_New(rows);
+
+	  PLy_input_tuple_funcs(&args, tuptable->tupdesc);
+	  for (i = 0; i < rows; i++)
+	    {
+	      PyObject *row = PLyDict_FromTuple(&args, tuptable->vals[i], 
+						tuptable->tupdesc);
+	      PyList_SetItem(result->rows, i, row);
+	    }
+	  PLy_typeinfo_dealloc(&args);
+	}
+      RESTORE_EXC();
+    }
+
+  return (PyObject *) result;
+}
+
+const char *
+PLy_spi_error_string(int code)
+{
+  switch (code)
+    {
+    case SPI_ERROR_TYPUNKNOWN:
+      return "SPI_ERROR_TYPUNKNOWN";
+    case SPI_ERROR_NOOUTFUNC:
+      return "SPI_ERROR_NOOUTFUNC";
+    case SPI_ERROR_NOATTRIBUTE:
+      return "SPI_ERROR_NOATTRIBUTE";
+    case SPI_ERROR_TRANSACTION:
+      return "SPI_ERROR_TRANSACTION";
+    case SPI_ERROR_PARAM:
+      return "SPI_ERROR_PARAM";
+    case SPI_ERROR_ARGUMENT:
+      return "SPI_ERROR_ARGUMENT";
+    case SPI_ERROR_CURSOR:
+      return "SPI_ERROR_CURSOR";
+    case SPI_ERROR_UNCONNECTED:
+      return "SPI_ERROR_UNCONNECTED";
+    case SPI_ERROR_OPUNKNOWN:
+      return "SPI_ERROR_OPUNKNOWN";
+    case SPI_ERROR_COPY:
+      return "SPI_ERROR_COPY";
+    case SPI_ERROR_CONNECT:
+      return "SPI_ERROR_CONNECT";
+    }
+  return "Unknown or Invalid code";
+}
+
+/* language handler and interpreter initialization
+ */
+
+void PLy_init_all(void)
+{
+  static volatile int init_active = 0;
+
+  enter();
+
+  if (init_active)
+    elog(FATAL, "plpython: Initialization of language module failed.");
+  init_active = 1;
+
+  Py_Initialize();
+  PLy_init_interp();
+  PLy_init_plpy();
+  PLy_init_safe_interp();
+  if (PyErr_Occurred())
+    PLy_elog(FATAL, "Untrapped error in initialization.");
+  PLy_procedure_cache = PyDict_New();
+  if (PLy_procedure_cache == NULL)
+    PLy_elog(ERROR, "Unable to create procedure cache.");
+
+  PLy_first_call = 0;
+
+  leave();
+}
+
+void
+PLy_init_interp(void)
+{
+  PyObject *mainmod;
+
+  enter();
+
+  mainmod = PyImport_AddModule("__main__");
+  if ((mainmod == NULL) || (PyErr_Occurred()))
+    PLy_elog(ERROR, "Unable to import '__main__' module.");
+  Py_INCREF(mainmod);
+  PLy_interp_globals = PyModule_GetDict(mainmod);
+  Py_DECREF(mainmod);
+  if ((PLy_interp_globals == NULL) || (PyErr_Occurred()))
+    PLy_elog(ERROR, "Unable to initialize globals.");
+}
+
+void
+PLy_init_plpy(void)
+{
+  PyObject *main_mod, *main_dict, *plpy_mod;
+  PyObject *plpy, *plpy_dict;
+
+  enter();
+
+  /* initialize plpy module
+   */
+  plpy = Py_InitModule("plpy", PLy_methods);
+  plpy_dict = PyModule_GetDict(plpy);
+
+  //PyDict_SetItemString(plpy, "PlanType", (PyObject *) &PLy_PlanType);
+
+  PLy_exc_error = PyErr_NewException("plpy.Error", NULL, NULL);
+  PLy_exc_fatal = PyErr_NewException("plpy.Fatal", NULL, NULL);
+  PLy_exc_spi_error = PyErr_NewException("plpy.SPIError", NULL, NULL);
+  PyDict_SetItemString(plpy_dict, "Error", PLy_exc_error);
+  PyDict_SetItemString(plpy_dict, "Fatal", PLy_exc_fatal);
+  PyDict_SetItemString(plpy_dict, "SPIError", PLy_exc_spi_error);
+
+  /* initialize main module, and add plpy
+   */
+  main_mod = PyImport_AddModule("__main__");
+  main_dict = PyModule_GetDict(main_mod);
+  plpy_mod = PyImport_AddModule("plpy");
+  PyDict_SetItemString(main_dict, "plpy", plpy_mod);
+  if (PyErr_Occurred ())
+    elog(ERROR, "Unable to init plpy.");
+}
+
+void
+PLy_init_safe_interp(void)
+{
+  PyObject *rmod;
+  char *rname = "rexec";
+  int i, imax;
+
+  enter();
+
+  rmod = PyImport_ImportModuleEx(rname, PLy_interp_globals,
+				 PLy_interp_globals, Py_None);
+  if ((rmod == NULL) || (PyErr_Occurred ()))
+    PLy_elog(ERROR, "Unable to import %s.", rname);
+  PyDict_SetItemString(PLy_interp_globals, rname, rmod);
+  PLy_interp_safe = rmod;
+
+  imax = sizeof(PLy_importable_modules_list) / sizeof(char *);
+  PLy_importable_modules = PyTuple_New(imax);
+  for (i = 0; i < imax; i++)
+    {
+      PyObject *m = PyString_FromString(PLy_importable_modules_list[i]);
+      PyTuple_SetItem(PLy_importable_modules, i, m);
+    }
+
+  PLy_interp_safe_globals = PyDict_New();
+  if (PLy_interp_safe_globals == NULL)
+    PLy_elog(ERROR, "Unable to create shared global dictionary.");
+
+}
+
+
+/* the python interface to the elog function
+ * don't confuse these with PLy_elog
+ */
+static PyObject *PLy_log(int, PyObject *, PyObject *);
+
+PyObject *
+PLy_debug(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
+{
+  return PLy_log(DEBUG, self, args);
+}
+
+PyObject *
+PLy_error(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
+{
+  return PLy_log(ERROR, self, args);
+}
+
+PyObject *
+PLy_fatal(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
+{
+  return PLy_log(FATAL, self, args);
+}
+
+PyObject *
+PLy_notice(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
+{
+  return PLy_log(NOTICE, self, args);
+}
+
+
+PyObject *
+PLy_log(int level, PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
+{
+  DECLARE_EXC();
+  PyObject *so;
+  char *sv;
+
+  enter();
+
+  if (args == NULL)
+    elog(NOTICE, "plpython, args is NULL in %s", __FUNCTION__);
+
+  so = PyObject_Str(args);
+  if ((so == NULL) || ((sv = PyString_AsString(so)) == NULL))
+    {
+      level = ERROR;
+      sv = "Unable to parse error message in `plpy.elog'";
+    }
+
+  /* returning NULL here causes the python interpreter to bail.
+   * when control passes back into plpython_*_handler, we
+   * check for python exceptions and do the actual elog
+   * call.  actually PLy_elog.
+   */
+  if (level == ERROR)
+    {
+      PyErr_SetString(PLy_exc_error, sv);
+      return NULL;
+    }
+  else if (level >= FATAL)
+    {
+      PyErr_SetString(PLy_exc_fatal, sv);
+      return NULL;
+    }
+
+  /* ok, this is a NOTICE, or DEBUG message
+   *
+   * but just in case DON'T long jump out of the interpreter!
+   */
+  SAVE_EXC();
+  if (TRAP_EXC())
+    {
+      RESTORE_EXC();
+
+      Py_XDECREF(so);
+
+      /* the real error message should already be written into
+       * the postgresql log, no?  whatever, this shouldn't happen
+       * so die hideously.
+       */
+      elog(FATAL, "plpython: Aiieee, elog threw an unknown exception!");
+      return NULL;
+    }
+
+  elog(level, sv);
+
+  RESTORE_EXC();
+  
+  Py_XDECREF(so);
+  Py_INCREF(Py_None);
+
+  /* return a legal object so the interpreter will continue on its
+   * merry way
+   */
+  return Py_None;
+}
+
+
+/* output a python traceback/exception via the postgresql elog
+ * function.  not pretty.
+ */
+
+static char *PLy_traceback(int *);
+static char *PLy_vprintf(const char *fmt, va_list ap);
+static char *PLy_printf(const char *fmt, ...);
+
+void
+PLy_exception_set(PyObject *exc, const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+  char buf[1024];
+  va_list ap;
+
+  va_start(ap, fmt);
+  vsnprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), fmt, ap);
+  va_end(ap);
+
+  PyErr_SetString(exc, buf);
+}
+
+void
+PLy_elog(int elevel, const char *fmt,...)
+{
+  DECLARE_EXC();
+  va_list ap;
+  char *xmsg, *emsg;
+  int xlevel;
+
+  enter();
+
+  xmsg = PLy_traceback(&xlevel);
+
+  va_start(ap, fmt);
+  emsg = PLy_vprintf(fmt, ap);
+  va_end(ap);
+
+  SAVE_EXC();
+  if (TRAP_EXC())
+    {
+      RESTORE_EXC();
+      mark();
+      /* elog called siglongjmp. cleanup, restore and reraise
+       */
+      PLy_restart_in_progress += 1;
+      PLy_free(emsg);
+      PLy_free(xmsg);
+      RERAISE_EXC();
+    }
+
+  if (xmsg)
+    {
+      elog(elevel, "plpython: %s\n%s", emsg, xmsg);
+      PLy_free(xmsg);
+    }
+  else
+    elog(elevel, "plpython: %s", emsg);
+  PLy_free(emsg);
+
+  leave();
+
+  RESTORE_EXC();
+}
+
+char *
+PLy_traceback(int *xlevel)
+{
+  PyObject *e, *v, *tb;
+  PyObject *eob, *vob = NULL;
+  char *vstr, *estr, *xstr = NULL;
+
+  enter();
+  
+  /* get the current exception
+   */
+  PyErr_Fetch(&e, &v, &tb);
+
+  /* oops, no exception, return
+   */
+  if (e == NULL)
+    {
+      *xlevel = NOTICE;
+      return NULL;
+    }
+
+  PyErr_NormalizeException(&e, &v, &tb);
+
+  eob = PyObject_Str(e);
+  if ((v) && ((vob = PyObject_Str(v)) != NULL))
+    vstr = PyString_AsString(vob);
+  else
+    vstr = "Unknown";
+
+  estr = PyString_AsString(eob);
+  xstr = PLy_printf("%s: %s", estr, vstr);
+
+  Py_DECREF(eob);
+  Py_XDECREF(vob);
+
+  /* intuit an appropriate error level for based on the exception type
+   */
+  if ((PLy_exc_error) && (PyErr_GivenExceptionMatches(e, PLy_exc_error)))
+    *xlevel = ERROR;
+  else if ((PLy_exc_fatal) && (PyErr_GivenExceptionMatches(e, PLy_exc_fatal)))
+    *xlevel = FATAL;
+  else
+    *xlevel = ERROR;
+
+  leave();
+
+  return xstr;
+}
+
+char *
+PLy_printf(const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+  va_list ap;
+  char *emsg;
+
+  va_start(ap, fmt);
+  emsg = PLy_vprintf(fmt, ap);
+  va_end(ap);
+  return emsg;
+}
+
+char *
+PLy_vprintf(const char *fmt, va_list ap)
+{
+  size_t blen;
+  int bchar, tries = 2;
+  char *buf;
+
+  blen = strlen(fmt) * 2;
+  if (blen < 256)
+    blen = 256;
+  buf = PLy_malloc(blen * sizeof(char));
+
+  while (1)
+    {
+      bchar = vsnprintf(buf, blen, fmt, ap);
+      if ((bchar > 0) && (bchar < blen))
+	return buf;
+      if (tries-- <= 0)
+	break;
+      if (blen > 0)
+	blen = bchar + 1;
+      else
+	blen *= 2;
+      buf = PLy_realloc(buf, blen);
+    }
+  PLy_free(buf);
+  return NULL;
+}
+
+/* python module code
+ */
+
+
+/* some dumb utility functions
+ */
+
+void *
+PLy_malloc(size_t bytes)
+{
+  void *ptr = malloc(bytes);
+  if (ptr == NULL)
+    elog(FATAL, "plpython: Memory exhausted.");
+  return ptr;
+}
+
+void *
+PLy_realloc(void *optr, size_t bytes)
+{
+  void *nptr = realloc(optr, bytes);
+  if (nptr == NULL)
+    elog(FATAL, "plpython: Memory exhausted.");
+  return nptr;
+}
+
+/* define this away
+ */
+void
+PLy_free(void *ptr)
+{
+  free(ptr);
+}