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-.\" This is -*-nroff-*-
-.\" XXX standard disclaimer belongs here....
-.\" $Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/man/Attic/select.l,v 1.2 1996/10/07 02:34:53 momjian Exp $
-.TH SELECT SQL 11/05/95 Postgres95 Postgres95
-.SH NAME
-select \(em retrieve instances from a class
-.SH SYNOPSIS
-.nf
-\fBselect\fR [distinct]
- expression1 [\fBas\fR attr_name-1]
- {, expression-1 [\fBas\fR attr_name-i]}
- [\fBinto\fR \fBtable\fR classname]
- [\fBfrom\fR from-list]
- [\fBwhere\fR where-clause]
- [\fBgroup by\fR attr_name1 {, attr_name-i....}
- [\fBorder by\fR attr_name1
- [\fBusing op1\fR] {, attr_namei [\fBusing opi\fR] }
-.fi
-.SH DESCRIPTION
-.BR Select
-will get all instances which satisfy the qualification,
-.IR qual ,
-compute the value of each element in the target list, and either (1)
-return them to an application program through one of two different
-kinds of portals or (2) store them in a new class.
-.PP
-If
-into table class name
-is specified, the result of the query will be stored in a new class
-with the indicated name.
-.PP
-The
-.BR "order by"
-clause allows a user to specify that he wishes the instances sorted
-according to the corresponding operator. This operator must be a
-binary one returning a boolean. Multiple sort fields are allowed and
-are applied from left to right.
-.PP
-The target list specifies the fields to be retrieved. Each
-.IR attr_name
-specifies the desired attribute or portion of an array attribute.
-Thus, each
-.IR attr_name
-takes the form
-.nf
-class_name.att_name
-.fi
-or, if the user only desires part of an array,
-.nf
---
---Specify a lower and upper index for each dimension
---(i.e., clip a range of array elements)
---
-class_name.att_name[lIndex-1:uIndex-1]..[lIndex-i:uIndex-i]
-
---
---Specify an exact array element
---
-class_name.att_name[uIndex-1]..[uIndex-i]
-.fi
-where each
-.IR lIndex
-or
-.IR uIndex
-is an integer constant.
-.PP
-When you retrieve an attribute which is of a complex type, the behavior
-of the system depends on whether you used "nested dots" to project
-out attributes of the complex type or not. See the examples below.
-.PP
-You must have read access to a class to read its values (see
-.IR "grant/revoke" (l).
-.SH EXAMPLES
-.nf
---
---Find all employees who make more than their manager
---
-select e.name
- from emp e, emp m
- where e.mgr = m.name
- and e.sal > m.sal
-.fi
-.nf
---
---Retrieve all fields for those employees who make
---more than the average salary
---
-select avg(sal) as ave
- into table avgsal from emp;
-.fi
-.nf
---
---Retrieve all employee names in sorted order
---
-select distinct name
- from emp
- order by name using <
-.fi
-.nf
---
---Retrieve all employee names that were valid on 1/7/85
---in sorted order
---
-selec name
- from emp['January 7 1985'] e
- order by name using <
-.fi
-.nf
---
---Construct a new class, raise, containing 1.1
---times all employee's salaries
---
-select 1.1 * emp.salary as salary
- into tables raise
- from emp
-.fi
-.SH "SEE ALSO"
-insert(l),
-close(l),
-create table(l),
-fetch(l),
-update(l).
-.SH BUGS
-.BR "Select into"
-does not delete duplicates.
-.PP
-If the backend crashes in the course of executing a
-.BR "select into" ,
-the class file will remain on disk. It can be safely removed by the
-database DBA, but a subsequent
-.BR "select into"
-to the same name will fail with a cryptic error message about
-\*(lqBlockExtend\*(rq.