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<refentry id="SQL-CREATETRIGGER">
<refmeta>
<refentrytitle>
CREATE TRIGGER
</refentrytitle>
<refmiscinfo>SQL - Language Statements</refmiscinfo>
</refmeta>
<refnamediv>
<refname>
CREATE TRIGGER
</refname>
<refpurpose>
Creates a new trigger
</refpurpose>
</refnamediv>
<refsynopsisdiv>
<refsynopsisdivinfo>
<date>1998-09-21</date>
</refsynopsisdivinfo>
<synopsis>
CREATE TRIGGER <replaceable class="PARAMETER">name</replaceable> { BEFORE | AFTER } { <replaceable class="PARAMETER">event</replaceable> [OR ...] }
ON <replaceable class="PARAMETER">table</replaceable> FOR EACH { ROW | STATEMENT }
EXECUTE PROCEDURE <replaceable class="PARAMETER">ER">func</replaceable>BLE> ( <replaceable class="PARAMETER">arguments</replaceable> )
</synopsis>
<refsect2 id="R2-SQL-CREATETRIGGER-1">
<refsect2info>
<date>1998-09-21</date>
</refsect2info>
<title>
Inputs
</title>
<para>
<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term><replaceable class="parameter">name</replaceable></term>
<listitem>
<para>
The name of an existing trigger.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><replaceable class="parameter">table</replaceable></term>
<listitem>
<para>
The name of a table.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><replaceable class="parameter">event</replaceable></term>
<listitem>
<para>
One of INSERT, DELETE or UPDATE.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><replaceable class="parameter">funcname</replaceable></term>
<listitem>
<para>
A user-supplied function.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</para>
</refsect2>
<refsect2 id="R2-SQL-CREATETRIGGER-2">
<refsect2info>
<date>1998-09-21</date>
</refsect2info>
<title>
Outputs
</title>
<para>
<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term><computeroutput>
CREATE
</computeroutput></term>
<listitem>
<para>
This message is returned if the trigger is successfully created.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</para>
</refsect2>
</refsynopsisdiv>
<refsect1 id="R1-SQL-CREATETRIGGER-1">
<refsect1info>
<date>1998-09-21</date>
</refsect1info>
<title>
Description
</title>
<para>
<command>CREATE TRIGGER</command> will enter a new trigger into the current
data base. The trigger will be associated with the relation
<replaceable class="parameter">relname</replaceable> and will execute
the specified function <replaceable class="parameter">funcname</replaceable>.
</para>
<para>
The trigger can be specified to fire either before the
operation is attempted on a tuple (before constraints
are checked and the INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE is attempted) or
after the operation has been attempted (e.g. after constraints
are checked and the INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE has completed). If the
trigger fires before the event, the trigger may
skip the operation for the current tuple, or change the tuple
being inserted (for INSERT and UPDATE operations only). If
the trigger fires after the event, all changes, including the
last insertion, update, or deletion, are "visible" to the trigger.
</para>
<para>
Refer to the chapters on SPI and Triggers in the
<citetitle>PostgreSQL Programmer's Guide</citetitle> for more
information.
</para>
<refsect2 id="R2-SQL-CREATETRIGGER-3">
<refsect2info>
<date>1998-09-21</date>
</refsect2info>
<title>
Notes
</title>
<para>
<command>CREATE TRIGGER</command> is a <productname>Postgres</productname>
language extension.
</para>
<para>
Only the relation owner may create a trigger on this relation.
</para>
<para>
As of the current release (v6.4), STATEMENT triggers are not implemented.
</para>
<para>
Refer to <command>DROP TRIGGER</command> for information on how to
remove triggers.
</para>
</refsect2>
</refsect1>
<refsect1 id="R1-SQL-CREATETRIGGER-2">
<title>
Usage
</title>
<para>
Check if the specified distributor code exists in the distributors
table before appending or updating a row in the table films:
<programlisting>
CREATE TRIGGER if_dist_exists
BEFORE INSERT OR UPDATE ON films FOR EACH ROW
EXECUTE PROCEDURE check_primary_key ('did', 'distributors', 'did');
</programlisting>
</para>
<para>
Before cancelling a distributor or updating its code, remove every
reference to the table films:
<programlisting>
CREATE TRIGGER if_film_exists
BEFORE DELETE OR UPDATE ON distributors FOR EACH ROW
EXECUTE PROCEDURE check_foreign_key (1, 'CASCADE', 'did', 'films', 'did');
</programlisting>
</para>
</refsect1>
<refsect1 id="R1-SQL-CREATETRIGGER-3">
<title>
Compatibility
</title>
<para>
</para>
<refsect2 id="R2-SQL-CREATETRIGGER-4">
<refsect2info>
<date>1998-09-21</date>
</refsect2info>
<title>
SQL92
</title>
<para>
There is no <command>CREATE TRIGGER</command> in <acronym>SQL92</acronym>.
</para>
<para>
The second example above may also be done by using a FOREIGN KEY
constraint as in:
<programlisting>
CREATE TABLE distributors (
did DECIMAL(3),
name VARCHAR(40),
CONSTRAINT if_film_exists
FOREIGN KEY(did) REFERENCES films
ON UPDATE CASCADE ON DELETE CASCADE
);
</programlisting>
</para>
<para>
However, foreign keys are not yet implemented (as of version 6.4) in
<productname>Postgres</productname>.
</para>
</refsect2>
</refsect1>
</refentry>
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