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<refentry id="APP-CREATEDB">
<refmeta>
<refentrytitle>
<application>createdb</application>
</refentrytitle>
<refmiscinfo>Application</refmiscinfo>
</refmeta>
<refnamediv>
<refname>
<application>createdb</application>
</refname>
<refpurpose>
Create a new <productname>Postgres</productname> database
</refpurpose>
</refnamediv>
<refsynopsisdiv>
<refsynopsisdivinfo>
<date>1998-10-02</date>
</refsynopsisdivinfo>
<synopsis>
createdb [ <replaceable class="parameter">dbname</replaceable> ]
createdb [ -h <replaceable class="parameter">host</replaceable> ] [ -p <replaceable class="parameter">port</replaceable> ]
[ -D <replaceable class="parameter">datadir</replaceable> ] [ -u ] [ <replaceable class="parameter">dbname</replaceable> ]
</synopsis>
<refsect2 id="R2-APP-CREATEDB-1">
<refsect2info>
<date>1998-10-02</date>
</refsect2info>
<title>
Inputs
</title>
<para>
<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term>-h <replaceable class="parameter">host</replaceable></term>
<listitem>
<para>
Specifies the hostname of the machine on which the
<application>postmaster</application>
is running. Defaults to using a local Unix domain socket
rather than an IP connection.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>-p <replaceable class="parameter">port</replaceable></term>
<listitem>
<para>
Specifies the Internet TCP/IP port or local Unix domain socket file
extension on which the <application>postmaster</application>
is listening for connections. The port number defaults to 5432,
or the value of the <envar>PGPORT</envar>
environment variable (if set).
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>-u</term>
<listitem>
<para>
Use password authentication.
Prompts for
<replaceable class="parameter">username</replaceable>
and <replaceable class="parameter">password</replaceable>.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>-D <replaceable class="parameter">datadir</replaceable></term>
<listitem>
<para>
Specifies the alternate database location for this database installation.
This is the location of the installation system tables, not the location
of this specific database, which may be different.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><replaceable class="parameter">dbname</replaceable></term>
<listitem>
<para>
Specifies the name of the database to be created. The name must be
unique among all <productname>Postgres</productname> databases in this installation.
<replaceable class="parameter">dbname</replaceable>
defaults to the value of the
<envar>USER</envar>
environment variable.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</para>
</refsect2>
<refsect2 id="R2-APP-CREATEDB-2">
<refsect2info>
<date>1998-10-02</date>
</refsect2info>
<title>
Outputs
</title>
<para>
<application>createdb</application> will create files in the
<filename><envar>PGDATA</envar>/<replaceable class="parameter">dbname</replaceable>/</filename>
data area for the new database.
<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term><computeroutput>
Connection to database 'template1' failed.
connectDB() failed: Is the postmaster running and accepting connections at 'UNIX Socket' on port '<replaceable class="parameter">port</replaceable>'?
createdb: database creation failed on <replaceable class="parameter">dbname</replaceable>.
</computeroutput></term>
<listitem>
<para>
<application>createdb</application> could not attach to the
<application>postmaster</application>
process on the specified host and port. If you see this message,
ensure that the <application>postmaster</application>
is running on the proper host and that you have specified the proper
port. If your site uses an authentication system, ensure that you
have obtained the required authentication credentials.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><computeroutput>
Connection to database 'template1' failed.
FATAL 1: SetUserId: user '<replaceable class="parameter">username</replaceable>' is not in 'pg_shadow'
createdb: database creation failed on <replaceable class="parameter">dbname</replaceable>.
</computeroutput></term>
<listitem>
<para>
You do not have a valid entry in the relation <literal>pg_shadow</literal>
and and will not be allowed to access <productname>Postgres</productname>.
Contact your <productname>Postgres</productname> administrator.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><computeroutput>
ERROR: user '<replaceable class="parameter">username</replaceable>' is not allowed to create/destroy databases
createdb: database creation failed on <replaceable class="parameter">dbname</replaceable>.
</computeroutput></term>
<listitem>
<para>
You do not have permission to create new databases.
Contact your <productname>Postgres</productname> site administrator.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><computeroutput>
ERROR: createdb: database '<replaceable class="parameter">dbname</replaceable>' already exists.
createdb: database creation failed on <replaceable class="parameter">dbname</replaceable>.
</computeroutput></term>
<listitem>
<para>
The database already exists.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><computeroutput>
createdb: database creation failed on <replaceable class="parameter">dbname</replaceable>.
</computeroutput></term>
<listitem>
<para>
An internal error occurred in <application>psql</application>
or in the backend server. Ensure that your site administrator has
properly installed <productname>Postgres</productname>and initialized the site with
<application>initdb</application>.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</para>
<note>
<para>
<application>createdb</application> internally runs
<command>CREATE DATABASE</command> from <application>psql</application>
while connected to the <literal>template1</literal> database.
</para>
</note>
</refsect2>
</refsynopsisdiv>
<refsect1 id="R1-APP-CREATEDB-1">
<refsect1info>
<date>1998-10-02</date>
</refsect1info>
<title>
Description
</title>
<para>
<application>createdb</application> creates a new
<productname>Postgres</productname> database.
The person who executes this command becomes
the database administrator, or <acronym>DBA</acronym>,
for this database and is the only
person, other than the <productname>Postgres</productname> super-user,
who can destroy it.
</para>
<para>
<application>createdb</application> is a shell script that invokes
<application>psql</application>.
Hence, a <application>postmaster</application>
process must be running on the database server host before
<application>createdb</application>
is executed. The
<envar>PGOPTION</envar>
and
<envar>PGREALM</envar>
environment variables will be passed on to
<application>psql</application>
and processed as described in <xref endterm="psql-ref"
linkend="app-psql">.
</para>
</refsect1>
<refsect1 id="R1-APP-CREATEDB-2">
<refsect1info>
<date>1998-10-02</date>
</refsect1info>
<title>
Usage
</title>
<para>
To create the database <literal>demo</literal>
using the postmaster on the local host, port 5432:
<programlisting>
$ createdb demo
</programlisting>
</para>
<para>
To create the database <literal>demo</literal>
using the postmaster on host eden, port 5000:
<programlisting>
$ createdb -p 5000 -h eden demo
</programlisting>
</para>
</refsect1>
</refentry>
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