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<!--
$PostgreSQL: pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/select_into.sgml,v 1.27 2003/12/13 23:59:07 neilc Exp $
PostgreSQL documentation
-->
<refentry id="SQL-SELECTINTO">
<refmeta>
<refentrytitle id="SQL-SELECTINTO-TITLE">SELECT INTO</refentrytitle>
<refmiscinfo>SQL - Language Statements</refmiscinfo>
</refmeta>
<refnamediv>
<refname>SELECT INTO</refname>
<refpurpose>create a new table from the results of a query</refpurpose>
</refnamediv>
<indexterm zone="sql-selectinto">
<primary>SELECT INTO</primary>
</indexterm>
<refsynopsisdiv>
<synopsis>
SELECT [ ALL | DISTINCT [ ON ( <replaceable class="PARAMETER">expression</replaceable> [, ...] ) ] ]
* | <replaceable class="PARAMETER">expression</replaceable> [ AS <replaceable class="PARAMETER">output_name</replaceable> ] [, ...]
INTO [ TEMPORARY | TEMP ] [ TABLE ] <replaceable class="PARAMETER">new_table</replaceable>
[ FROM <replaceable class="PARAMETER">from_item</replaceable> [, ...] ]
[ WHERE <replaceable class="PARAMETER">condition</replaceable> ]
[ GROUP BY <replaceable class="PARAMETER">expression</replaceable> [, ...] ]
[ HAVING <replaceable class="PARAMETER">condition</replaceable> [, ...] ]
[ { UNION | INTERSECT | EXCEPT } [ ALL ] <replaceable class="PARAMETER">select</replaceable> ]
[ ORDER BY <replaceable class="PARAMETER">expression</replaceable> [ ASC | DESC | USING <replaceable class="PARAMETER">operator</replaceable> ] [, ...] ]
[ LIMIT { <replaceable class="PARAMETER">count</replaceable> | ALL } ]
[ OFFSET <replaceable class="PARAMETER">start</replaceable> ]
[ FOR UPDATE [ OF <replaceable class="PARAMETER">tablename</replaceable> [, ...] ] ]
</synopsis>
</refsynopsisdiv>
<refsect1>
<title>Description</title>
<para>
<command>SELECT INTO</command> creates a new table and fills it
with data computed by a query. The data is not returned to the
client, as it is with a normal <command>SELECT</command>. The new
table's columns have the names and data types associated with the
output columns of the <command>SELECT</command>.
</para>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>Parameters</title>
<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term><literal>TEMPORARY</literal> or <literal>TEMP</literal></term>
<listitem>
<para>
If specified, the table is created as a temporary table. Refer
to <xref linkend="sql-createtable"
endterm="sql-createtable-title"> for details.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><replaceable class="PARAMETER">new_table</replaceable></term>
<listitem>
<para>
The name (optionally schema-qualified) of the table to be created.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
<para>
All other parameters are described in detail under <xref
linkend="sql-select" endterm="sql-select-title">.
</para>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>Notes</title>
<para>
<xref linkend="sql-createtableas"
endterm="sql-createtableas-title"> is functionally similar to
<command>SELECT INTO</command>. <command>CREATE TABLE AS</command>
is the recommended syntax, since this form of <command>SELECT
INTO</command> is not available in <application>ECPG</application>
or <application>PL/pgSQL</application>, because they interpret the
<literal>INTO</literal> clause differently. Furthermore,
<command>CREATE TABLE AS</command> offers a superset of the
functionality provided by <command>SELECT INTO</command>.
</para>
<para>
Prior to <productname>PostgreSQL</> 7.5, the table created by
<command>SELECT INTO</command> always included OIDs. Furthermore,
these OIDs were newly generated: they were distinct from the OIDs
of any of the rows in the source tables of the <command>SELECT
INTO</command> statement. Therefore, if <command>SELECT
INTO</command> was frequently executed, the OID counter would be
rapidly incremented. As of <productname>PostgreSQL</> 7.5, the
inclusion of OIDs in the table created by <command>SELECT
INTO</command> is controlled by the
<varname>default_with_oids</varname> configuration variable. This
variable currently defaults to true, but will likely default to
false in a future release of <productname>PostgreSQL</>.
</para>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>Compatibility</title>
<para>
The SQL standard uses <command>SELECT INTO</command> to
represent selecting values into scalar variables of a host program,
rather than creating a new table. This indeed is the usage found
in <application>ECPG</application> (see <xref linkend="ecpg">) and
<application>PL/pgSQL</application> (see <xref linkend="plpgsql">).
The <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> usage of <command>SELECT
INTO</command> to represent table creation is historical. It's
best to use <command>CREATE TABLE AS</command> for this purpose in
new code. (<command>CREATE TABLE AS</command> isn't standard
either, but it's less likely to cause confusion.)
</para>
</refsect1>
</refentry>
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