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<!-- doc/src/sgml/vacuumlo.sgml -->
<sect1 id="vacuumlo" xreflabel="vacuumlo">
<title>vacuumlo</title>
<indexterm zone="vacuumlo">
<primary>vacuumlo</primary>
</indexterm>
<para>
<application>vacuumlo</> is a simple utility program that will remove any
<quote>orphaned</> large objects from a
<productname>PostgreSQL</> database. An orphaned large object (LO) is
considered to be any LO whose OID does not appear in any <type>oid</> or
<type>lo</> data column of the database.
</para>
<para>
If you use this, you may also be interested in the <function>lo_manage</>
trigger in the <xref linkend="lo"> module.
<function>lo_manage</> is useful to try
to avoid creating orphaned LOs in the first place.
</para>
<sect2>
<title>Usage</title>
<synopsis>
vacuumlo [options] database [database2 ... databaseN]
</synopsis>
<para>
All databases named on the command line are processed. Available options
include:
</para>
<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term><option>-v</option></term>
<listitem>
<para>Write a lot of progress messages.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><option>-n</option></term>
<listitem>
<para>Don't remove anything, just show what would be done.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><option>-l</option> <replaceable>limit</></term>
<listitem>
<para>
Remove no more than <replaceable>limit</> large objects per
transaction (default 1000). Since the server acquires a lock per LO
removed, removing too many LOs in one transaction risks exceeding
<xref linkend="guc-max-locks-per-transaction">. Set the limit to
zero if you want all removals done in a single transaction.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><option>-U</option> <replaceable>username</></term>
<listitem>
<para>User name to connect as.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><option>-w</></term>
<term><option>--no-password</></term>
<listitem>
<para>
Never issue a password prompt. If the server requires password
authentication and a password is not available by other means
such as a <filename>.pgpass</filename> file, the connection
attempt will fail. This option can be useful in batch jobs and
scripts where no user is present to enter a password.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><option>-W</option></term>
<listitem>
<para>
Force <application>vacuumlo</application> to prompt for a
password before connecting to a database.
</para>
<para>
This option is never essential, since
<application>vacuumlo</application> will automatically prompt
for a password if the server demands password authentication.
However, <application>vacuumlo</application> will waste a
connection attempt finding out that the server wants a password.
In some cases it is worth typing <option>-W</> to avoid the extra
connection attempt.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><option>-h</option> <replaceable>hostname</></term>
<listitem>
<para>Database server's host.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><option>-p</option> <replaceable>port</></term>
<listitem>
<para>Database server's port.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</sect2>
<sect2>
<title>Method</title>
<para>
First, <application>vacuumlo</> builds a temporary table which contains all
of the OIDs of the large objects in the selected database.
</para>
<para>
It then scans through all columns in the database that are of type
<type>oid</> or <type>lo</>, and removes matching entries from the
temporary table. (Note: only types with these names are considered;
in particular, domains over them are not considered.)
</para>
<para>
The remaining entries in the temporary table identify orphaned LOs.
These are removed.
</para>
</sect2>
<sect2>
<title>Author</title>
<para>
Peter Mount <email>peter@retep.org.uk</email>
</para>
</sect2>
</sect1>
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