Add retry logic for AV defense to winOpen. Also, refactor test suite to allow the key Tcl file operations (e.g. copy and delete) to be retried.

FossilOrigin-Name: 9007586fdabed8dbcc78581ea9821cfd1f9a4c8c

165 files changed, 926 insertions, 859 deletions

diff --git a/manifest b/manifest
index 2828036c7..0905616d4 100644
--- a/manifest
+++ b/manifest
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-C Fix\sa\s(humorous)\stypo\sin\sthe\slemon\sdocumentation.
-D 2011-07-30T23:50:12.095
+C Add\sretry\slogic\sfor\sAV\sdefense\sto\swinOpen.\s\sAlso,\srefactor\stest\ssuite\sto\sallow\sthe\skey\sTcl\sfile\soperations\s(e.g.\scopy\sand\sdelete)\sto\sbe\sretried.
+D 2011-08-02T00:57:34.578
 F Makefile.arm-wince-mingw32ce-gcc d6df77f1f48d690bd73162294bbba7f59507c72f
 F Makefile.in 1e6988b3c11dee9bd5edc0c804bd4468d74a9cdc
 F Makefile.linux-gcc 91d710bdc4998cb015f39edf3cb314ec4f4d7e23
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ F src/os.h 9dbed8c2b9c1f2f2ebabc09e49829d4777c26bf9
 F src/os_common.h 65a897143b64667d23ed329a7984b9b405accb58
 F src/os_os2.c 4a75888ba3dfc820ad5e8177025972d74d7f2440
 F src/os_unix.c 51caec436f811fa387a85cf7b05f13962c7fe0dc
-F src/os_win.c 60af92b1b1cc7aee13f5e0b5f9dde2d7abb41354
+F src/os_win.c 4eb6fa00ee28f6d7bad0526edcbe5a60d297c67a
 F src/pager.c 120550e7ef01dafaa2cbb4a0528c0d87c8f12b41
 F src/pager.h 3f8c783de1d4706b40b1ac15b64f5f896bcc78d1
 F src/parse.y 12b7ebd61ea54f0e1b1083ff69cc2c8ce9353d58
@@ -251,14 +251,14 @@ F src/wal.c 3154756177d6219e233d84291d5b05f4e06ff5e9
 F src/wal.h 66b40bd91bc29a5be1c88ddd1f5ade8f3f48728a
 F src/walker.c 3112bb3afe1d85dc52317cb1d752055e9a781f8f
 F src/where.c 106cd9ab3eb410dfa7d0598194c277664bb2e9a3
-F test/8_3_names.test b93687beebd17f6ebf812405a6833bae5d1f4199
+F test/8_3_names.test 631ea964a3edb091cf73c3b540f6bcfdb36ce823
 F test/aggerror.test a867e273ef9e3d7919f03ef4f0e8c0d2767944f2
 F test/alias.test 4529fbc152f190268a15f9384a5651bbbabc9d87
 F test/all.test 52fc8dee494092031a556911d404ca30a749a30b
-F test/alter.test a3f570072b53d7c0fe463bab3f5affa8e113c487
-F test/alter2.test e0c09d630d650ea32333781a4ed3c45eb02c4289
-F test/alter3.test 8677e48d95536f7a6ed86a1a774744dadcc22b07
-F test/alter4.test 1e5dd6b951e9f65ca66422edff02e56df82dd403
+F test/alter.test 5314fc01ef51ab8af0b8890725b710ed48d4806b
+F test/alter2.test 7ea05c7d92ac99349a802ef7ada17294dd647060
+F test/alter3.test 49c9d9fba2b8fcdce2dedeca97bbf1f369cc548d
+F test/alter4.test b2debc14d8cbe4c1d12ccd6a41eef88a8c1f15d5
 F test/altermalloc.test e81ac9657ed25c6c5bb09bebfa5a047cd8e4acfc
 F test/analyze.test c8cb89e8736336f1f0646c8123e6028a14c7b55e
 F test/analyze2.test 8f2b1534d43f5547ce9a6b736c021d4192c75be3
@@ -267,28 +267,28 @@ F test/analyze4.test 757b37875cf9bb528d46f74497bc789c88365045
 F test/analyze5.test 1de8d66b11aae5a1453aa042d62e834a476bac9c
 F test/analyze6.test c125622a813325bba1b4999040ddc213773c2290
 F test/analyze7.test 5508e7828164ea0b518ed219bed7320a481863d4
-F test/async.test ad4ba51b77cd118911a3fe1356b0809da9c108c3
-F test/async2.test bf5e2ca2c96763b4cba3d016249ad7259a5603b6
-F test/async3.test 93edaa9122f498e56ea98c36c72abc407f4fb11e
+F test/async.test 1d0e056ba1bb9729283a0f22718d3a25e82c277b
+F test/async2.test c0a9bd20816d7d6a2ceca7b8c03d3d69c28ffb8b
+F test/async3.test d73a062002376d7edc1fe3edff493edbec1fc2f7
 F test/async4.test 1787e3952128aa10238bf39945126de7ca23685a
-F test/async5.test f3592d79c84d6e83a5f50d3fd500445f7d97dfdf
-F test/attach.test 2bb09073d7d5499127db00f50780766dcea913e1
-F test/attach2.test a295d2d7061adcee5884ef4a93c7c96a82765437
-F test/attach3.test bd9830bc3a0d22ed1310c9bff6896927937017dc
+F test/async5.test 0dd8701bd588bf6e70c2557a22ae3f22b2567b4c
+F test/attach.test 0e6f8de2589f11a5f474ef57fe5af2877e61c0e8
+F test/attach2.test e54436ed956d3d88bdee61221da59bf3935a0966
+F test/attach3.test d89ccfe4fe6e2b5e368d480fcdfe4b496c54cf4e
 F test/attach4.test 31f9eb0ca7bdbc393cc4657b877903a226a83d4b
-F test/attachmalloc.test 1d5b821a676f7bf0b00d87cc106b78966789ba57
+F test/attachmalloc.test 3a4bfca9545bfe906a8d2e622de10fbac5b711b0
 F test/auth.test b047105c32da7db70b842fd24056723125ecc2ff
 F test/auth2.test 270baddc8b9c273682760cffba6739d907bd2882
 F test/auth3.test a4755e6a2a2fea547ffe63c874eb569e60a28eb5
-F test/autoinc.test 85ef3180a737e6580086a018c09c6f1a52759b46
+F test/autoinc.test bd30d372d00045252f6c2e41b5f41455e1975acf
 F test/autoindex1.test 058d0b331ae6840a61bbee910d8cbae27bfd5991
-F test/autovacuum.test bb7c0885e6f8f1d633045de48f2b66082162766d
-F test/autovacuum_ioerr2.test 598b0663074d3673a9c1bc9a16e80971313bafe6
+F test/autovacuum.test fcaf4616ae5bb18098db1cb36262565e5c841c3c
+F test/autovacuum_ioerr2.test 8a367b224183ad801e0e24dcb7d1501f45f244b4
 F test/avtrans.test 0252654f4295ddda3b2cce0e894812259e655a85
-F test/backcompat.test 0f23ff8d516acdf42f3d866a66d85306de2d02bc
-F test/backup.test 004d3b78bffd990741ab50133ed4347c25c172b1
-F test/backup2.test b7c69f937c912e85ac8a5dbd1e1cf290302b2d49
-F test/backup_ioerr.test 1f012e692f42c0442ae652443258f70e9f20fa38
+F test/backcompat.test 71eeb75ea567c060774c4e8db4b0e703f21c7677
+F test/backup.test 6970614b002b056ae5bab5b76559905e02b6f0b2
+F test/backup2.test b4966934b2dc10a9a6546114566ea69b34a5185e
+F test/backup_ioerr.test 40d208bc9224b666ee3ed423f49bc9062a36a9d0
 F test/backup_malloc.test 7162d604ec2b4683c4b3799a48657fb8b5e2d450
 F test/badutf.test d5360fc31f643d37a973ab0d8b4fb85799c3169f
 F test/badutf2.test f5bc7f2d280670ecd79b9cf4f0f1760c607fe51f
@@ -310,9 +310,9 @@ F test/boundary4.test 89e02fa66397b8a325d5eb102b5806f961f8ec4b
 F test/busy.test 76b4887f8b9160ba903c1ac22e8ff406ad6ae2f0
 F test/cache.test 754baab2f18089fc9bcba7afaeb4dc907c6c6de2
 F test/capi2.test 835d4cee9f542ea50fa8d01f3fe6de80b0627360
-F test/capi3.test 5c1ea6c940f2d7c4d5af8ef1ec2f92a267d2e37a
+F test/capi3.test 7200dff6acb17b9a4b6f9918f554eaae04968ddd
 F test/capi3b.test efb2b9cfd127efa84433cd7a2d72ce0454ae0dc4
-F test/capi3c.test bea67403a5e37a4b33230ee4723e315a2ffb31e7
+F test/capi3c.test ccf0acf045dbacd09f6229aa4efed670aaba76a9
 F test/capi3d.test cd36571f014f34bdc4421967f6453cbb597d5d16
 F test/capi3e.test f7408dda65c92b9056199fdc180f893015f83dde
 F test/cast.test 4c275cbdc8202d6f9c54a3596701719868ac7dc3
@@ -324,59 +324,59 @@ F test/collate3.test d28d2cfab2c3a3d4628ae4b2b7afc9965daa3b4c
 F test/collate4.test 3d3f123f83fd8ccda6f48d617e44e661b9870c7d
 F test/collate5.test 67f1d3e848e230ff4802815a79acb0a8b5e69bd7
 F test/collate6.test 8be65a182abaac8011a622131486dafb8076e907
-F test/collate7.test fac8db7aac3978466c04ae892cc74dcf2bc031aa
+F test/collate7.test 8ec29d98f3ee4ccebce6e16ce3863fb6b8c7b868
 F test/collate8.test df26649cfcbddf109c04122b340301616d3a88f6
 F test/collate9.test 3adcc799229545940df2f25308dd1ad65869145a
 F test/collateA.test b8218ab90d1fa5c59dcf156efabb1b2599c580d6
 F test/colmeta.test 087c42997754b8c648819832241daf724f813322
 F test/colname.test 08948a4809d22817e0e5de89c7c0a8bd90cb551b
 F test/conflict.test cabc41f7616675df71b4fddabca3bd5d9221915a
-F test/corrupt.test 1a5bef8b2d178859af69814ecedcd37219a89968
-F test/corrupt2.test 808a28d0ca3b97e9aa8c91cd2b485ea2700b76d1
+F test/corrupt.test 4aabd06cff3fe759e3e658bcc17b71789710665e
+F test/corrupt2.test 9c0ab4becd50e9050bc1ebb8675456a4e5587bf0
 F test/corrupt3.test e3006aaf579d2ed7f1b94bf4cc695d3c784fa5af
 F test/corrupt4.test b963f9e01e0f92d15c76fb0747876fd4b96dc30a
 F test/corrupt5.test c23da7bfb20917cc7fdbb13ee25c7cc4e9fffeff
 F test/corrupt6.test 4e4161aef1f30b9f34582bb4142334b7f47eacae
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 F test/corrupt8.test 48eb37ffb9a03bceada62219e2bd4c92f4b0cb75
-F test/corrupt9.test fad0bc26a5c972580a8d763c62f24094f4e8ef25
-F test/corruptA.test 856ea7a2eb5c1c767abbdf02679ac6cb158e4643
-F test/corruptB.test 44133515cf46c4d7bba691e3bcfa478080413af0
-F test/corruptC.test 483aa35dadfd96bdf549e38d75ffc2942576477e
-F test/corruptD.test 63a449a3146b460231535d04a409d14ce71795ad
-F test/corruptE.test 7290b61145d954be549340e462ca84826d8a31a3
+F test/corrupt9.test 959179e68dc0b7b99f424cf3e0381c86dcdd0112
+F test/corruptA.test fafa652aa585753be4f6b62ff0bb250266eaf7ce
+F test/corruptB.test 20d4a20cbed23958888c3e8995b424a47223d647
+F test/corruptC.test 62a767fe64acb1975f58cc6171192839c783edbb
+F test/corruptD.test 99b1999dbfa7cc04aaeac9d695a2445d4e7c7458
+F test/corruptE.test 78f7e1b9fd4a92e5951c7a5e414f2c4492733870
 F test/count.test 454e1ce985c94d13efeac405ce54439f49336163
-F test/crash.test 1b6ac8410689ff78028887f445062dc897c9ac89
+F test/crash.test 519dc29f6fea151f015a23236e555239353946eb
 F test/crash2.test 5b14d4eb58b880e231361d3b609b216acda86651
-F test/crash3.test 776f9363554c029fcce71d9e6600fa0ba6359ce7
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-F test/crash8.test 76b95451933fe172ce8e26bff22d5c663c8ae473
+F test/crash3.test 8f5de9d32ab9ab95475a9efe7f47a940aa889418
+F test/crash4.test fe2821baf37168dc59dd733dcf7dba2a401487bc
+F test/crash5.test 69226a1b948d8961395b7ad2a1df084c212ce8cf
+F test/crash6.test 4c56f1e40d0291e1110790a99807aa875b1647ba
+F test/crash7.test 6c6a369af266af2ef50ab34df8f94d719065e2c1
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 F test/crashtest1.c 09c1c7d728ccf4feb9e481671e29dda5669bbcc2
-F test/createtab.test 199cf68f44e5d9e87a0b8afc7130fdeb4def3272
+F test/createtab.test b5de160630b209c4b8925bdcbbaf48cc90b67fe8
 F test/cse.test 277350a26264495e86b1785f34d2d0c8600e021c
 F test/ctime.test 7bd009071e242aac4f18521581536b652b789a47
 F test/date.test a18a2ce81add84b17b06559e82ad7bb91bc6ddff
-F test/dbstatus.test 175b088308f2ce3f7afb8208f25c10878ee05921
+F test/dbstatus.test a719af0f226bd280748a4bb9054c0a5a9fc1b16c
 F test/default.test 6faf23ccb300114924353007795aa9a8ec0aa9dc
-F test/delete.test f7629d9eb245dfca170169cc5c7a735dec34aeb4
+F test/delete.test a065b05d2ebf60fd16639c579a4adfb7c381c701
 F test/delete2.test 3a03f2cca1f9a67ec469915cb8babd6485db43fa
 F test/delete3.test 555e84a00a99230b7d049d477a324a631126a6ab
-F test/descidx1.test b1353c1a15cfbee97b13a1dcedaf0fe78163ba6a
+F test/descidx1.test 533dcbda614b0463b0ea029527fd27e5a9ab2d66
 F test/descidx2.test 9f1a0c83fd57f8667c82310ca21b30a350888b5d
 F test/descidx3.test fe720e8b37d59f4cef808b0bf4e1b391c2e56b6f
-F test/diskfull.test 0cede7ef9d8f415d9d3944005c76be7589bb5ebb
+F test/diskfull.test 106391384780753ea6896b7b4f005d10e9866b6e
 F test/distinct.test 8c4d951fc40aba84421060e07b16099d2f4c2fdf
 F test/distinctagg.test 1a6ef9c87a58669438fc771450d7a72577417376
 F test/e_createtable.test 4771686a586b6ae414f927c389b2c101cc05c028
 F test/e_delete.test e2ae0d3fce5efd70fef99025e932afffc5616fab
 F test/e_droptrigger.test ddd4b28ed8a3d81bd5153fa0ab7559529a2ca03a
 F test/e_dropview.test b347bab30fc8de67b131594b3cd6f3d3bdaa753d
-F test/e_expr.test 71b55f90c9336ecec5a99641679036931260c754
+F test/e_expr.test d93ccded2409c66637dc1649a02f169e041b63d8
 F test/e_fkey.test 38039b840ab19331000b0f0eb1d82baa7208a67a
-F test/e_fts3.test 75bb0aee26384ef586165e21018a17f7cd843469
+F test/e_fts3.test 5c02288842e4f941896fd44afdef564dd5fc1459
 F test/e_insert.test 76d4bb5da9b28014d515d91ffe29a79a1e99f2bc
 F test/e_reindex.test a064f0878b8f848fbca38f1f61f82f15a3000c64
 F test/e_resolve.test dcce9308fb13b934ce29591105d031d3e14fbba6
@@ -386,19 +386,19 @@ F test/e_update.test b926341a65955d69a6375c9eb4fd82e7089bc83a
 F test/e_uri.test 6f35b491f80dac005c8144f38b2dfb4d96483596
 F test/e_vacuum.test 6c09c2af7f2f140518f371c5342100118f779dcf
 F test/enc.test e54531cd6bf941ee6760be041dff19a104c7acea
-F test/enc2.test 6d91a5286f59add0cfcbb2d0da913b76f2242398
-F test/enc3.test 5c550d59ff31dccdba5d1a02ae11c7047d77c041
-F test/enc4.test b145fa25feb56ea1d51a5bc43ca268c0cf691a67
+F test/enc2.test 796c59832e2b9a52842f382ffda8f3e989db03ad
+F test/enc3.test 90683ad0e6ea587b9d5542ca93568af9a9858c40
+F test/enc4.test c8f1ce3618508fd0909945beb8b8831feef2c020
 F test/eqp.test f14fadd76da53405e9885e2431cacf7191d83cdb
 F test/eval.test bc269c365ba877554948441e91ad5373f9f91be3
-F test/exclusive.test 53e1841b422e554cecf0160f937c473d6d0e3062
-F test/exclusive2.test 343d55130c12c67b8bf10407acec043a6c26c86b
+F test/exclusive.test a1b324cb21834a490cd052d409d34789cfef57cb
+F test/exclusive2.test 372be98f6de44dd78734e364b7b626ea211761a6
 F test/exec.test e949714dc127eaa5ecc7d723efec1ec27118fdd7
 F test/exists.test 8f7b27b61c2fbe5822f0a1f899c715d14e416e30
 F test/expr.test 67c9fd6f8f829e239dc8b0f4a08a73c08b09196d
-F test/fallocate.test 43dc34b8c24be6baffadc3b4401ee15710ce83c6
-F test/filectrl.test 97003734290887566e01dded09dc9e99cb937e9e
-F test/filefmt.test f178cfc29501a14565954c961b226e61877dd32c
+F test/fallocate.test b5d34437bd7ab01d41b1464b8117aefd4d32160e
+F test/filectrl.test 4eb0178956ca25a756e6d79711a90fec7157b454
+F test/filefmt.test ffa17b5aebc3eb4b1e3be1ccb5ee906ffbd97f6e
 F test/fkey1.test 01c7de578e11747e720c2d9aeef27f239853c4da
 F test/fkey2.test 080969fe219b3b082b0e097ac18c6af2e5b0631f
 F test/fkey3.test 5ec899d12b13bcf1e9ef40eff7fb692fdb91392e
@@ -412,12 +412,12 @@ F test/fts1d.test a73deace5c18df4a549b12908bade4f05dcf1a2f
 F test/fts1e.test 77244843e925560b5a0b70069c3e7ab62f181ed2
 F test/fts1f.test 2d6cb10d8b7a4e6edc321bbdb3982f1f48774714
 F test/fts1i.test 6bfe08cdfdced063a39a50c8601da65e6274d879
-F test/fts1j.test e4c0ffcd0ba2adce09c6b7b43ffd0749b5fda5c7
+F test/fts1j.test e3797475796043a161e348c46a309664cac83f7f
 F test/fts1k.test 65d3b41487b9f738d11b0f00eca375c0ca6bd970
 F test/fts1l.test 15c119ed2362b2b28d5300c0540a6a43eab66c36
 F test/fts1m.test 2d9ca67b095d49f037a914087cc0a61e89da4f0c
 F test/fts1n.test a2317dcd27b1d087ee3878b30e0a59c593c98b7a
-F test/fts1o.test 382b8b07a2d6de5610814d9477117c4430464b9c
+F test/fts1o.test fd92f82ea9090dbc2a13d4cd58aafe5afa371b6a
 F test/fts1porter.test d86e9c3e0c7f8ff95add6582b4b585fb4e02b96d
 F test/fts2.test e3fb95f96a650411574efc136f3fb10eef479ed7
 F test/fts2a.test 473a5c8b473a4e21a8e3fddaed1e59666e0c6ab7
@@ -429,12 +429,12 @@ F test/fts2f.test cf84096235991709c1e61caa389632aa0a4f976d
 F test/fts2g.test d49d6f6c900e6e20a0fb980ec1cd568dee12af76
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 F test/fts2i.test 1b22451d1f13f7c509baec620dc3a4a754885dd6
-F test/fts2j.test f68d7611f76309bc8b94170f3740d9fbbc061d9b
+F test/fts2j.test 298fa1670aa21cd445b282d139b70c72e7ade12b
 F test/fts2k.test c7ebf4a4937594aa07459e3e1bca1251c1be8659
 F test/fts2l.test 3333336621524cf7d60bb62d6ef6ab69647866ed
 F test/fts2m.test 4b30142ead6f3ed076e880a2a464064c5ad58c51
 F test/fts2n.test 12b9c5352128cebd1c6b8395e43788d4b09087c2
-F test/fts2o.test c6a79567d85403dc4d15b89f3f9799a0a0aef065
+F test/fts2o.test 09cd920d585ebf1c2910b6be869efa286e308a84
 F test/fts2p.test 4b48c35c91e6a7dbf5ac8d1e5691823cc999aafb
 F test/fts2q.test b2fbbe038b7a31a52a6079b215e71226d8c6a682
 F test/fts2r.test b154c30b63061d8725e320fba1a39e2201cadd5e
@@ -450,12 +450,12 @@ F test/fts3af.test d394978c534eabf22dd0837e718b913fd66b499c
 F test/fts3ag.test 0b7d303f61ae5d620c4efb5e825713ea34ff9441
 F test/fts3ah.test dc9f66c32c296f1bc8bcc4535126bddfeca62894
 F test/fts3ai.test d29cee6ed653e30de478066881cec8aa766531b2
-F test/fts3aj.test 584facbc9ac4381a7ec624bfde677340ffc2a5a4
+F test/fts3aj.test 0ed71e1dd9b03b843a857dc3eb9b15630e0104fc
 F test/fts3ak.test bd14deafe9d1586e8e9bf032411026ac4f8c925d
 F test/fts3al.test 07d64326e79bbdbab20ee87fc3328fbf01641c9f
 F test/fts3am.test 218aa6ba0dfc50c7c16b2022aac5c6be593d08d8
 F test/fts3an.test a49ccadc07a2f7d646ec1b81bc09da2d85a85b18
-F test/fts3ao.test b83f99f70e9eec85f27d75801a974b3f820e01f9
+F test/fts3ao.test 60a15590d3c8578e943e4a149524b16b9bc1be92
 F test/fts3atoken.test 402ef2f7c2fb4b3d4fa0587df6441c1447e799b3
 F test/fts3auto.test c1a30b37002b7c764a96937fbc71065b73d69494
 F test/fts3aux1.test 0b02743955d56fc0d4d66236a26177bd1b726de0
@@ -481,9 +481,9 @@ F test/fts3prefix.test 36246609111ec1683f7ea5ed27666ce2cefb5676
 F test/fts3query.test ef79d31fdb355d094baec1c1b24b60439a1fb8a2
 F test/fts3rnd.test 1320d8826a845e38a96e769562bf83d7a92a15d0
 F test/fts3shared.test 8bb266521d7c5495c0ae522bb4d376ad5387d4a2
-F test/fts3snippet.test a12f22a3ba4dd59751a57c79b031d07ab5f51ddd
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 F test/fts3sort.test 63d52c1812904b751f9e1ff487472e44833f5402
-F test/fts4aa.test 148d9eb54901af23b5d402b1f388f43e559e1728
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 F test/func.test 6c5ce11e3a0021ca3c0649234e2d4454c89110ca
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 F test/func3.test 001021e5b88bd02a3b365a5c5fd8f6f49d39744a
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-F test/fuzz_malloc.test dd7001ac86d09c154a7dff064f4739c60e2b312c
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 F test/fuzzer1.test ddfb04f3bd5cfdda3b1aa15b78d3ad055c9cc50f
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 F test/icu.test 70df4faca133254c042d02ae342c0a141f2663f4
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 F test/index.test b5429732b3b983fa810e3ac867d7ca85dae35097
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 F test/index3.test 423a25c789fc8cc51aaf2a4370bbdde2d9e9eed7
@@ -516,15 +516,15 @@ F test/insert.test aef273dd1cee84cc92407469e6bd1b3cdcb76908
 F test/insert2.test 4f3a04d168c728ed5ec2c88842e772606c7ce435
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 F test/intarray.test 066b7d7ac38d25bf96f87f1b017bfc687551cdd4
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 F test/intpkey.test 537669fd535f62632ca64828e435b9e54e8d677f
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-F test/ioerr.test 622aebd2f24779cafaf5dd3e3c2b349ce40ade3b
+F test/io.test b278aa8fa609ed0dcc825df31b2d9f526c5a52bd
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 F test/ioerr2.test 1b56cb80d5b0726ee3ba325ca175734541e32955
 F test/ioerr3.test d3cec5e1a11ad6d27527d0d38573fbff14c71bdd
-F test/ioerr4.test fc6eddfec2efc2f1ed217b9eae4c1c1d3516ce86
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 F test/ioerr5.test 2edfa4fb0f896f733071303b42224df8bedd9da4
 F test/join.test 8d63cc4d230a7affafa4b6ab0b97c49b8ccb365c
 F test/join2.test f2171c265e57ee298a27e57e7051d22962f9f324
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 F test/join4.test 1a352e4e267114444c29266ce79e941af5885916
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 F test/keyword1.test a2400977a2e4fde43bf33754c2929fda34dbca05
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 F test/lookaside.test 93f07bac140c5bb1d49f3892d2684decafdc7af2
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 F test/make-where7.tcl 05c16b5d4f5d6512881dfec560cb793915932ef9
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 F test/malloc4.test 957337613002b7058a85116493a262f679f3a261
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 F test/malloc6.test 2f039d9821927eacae43e1831f815e157659a151
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 F test/malloc9.test 2307c6ee3703b0a21391f3ea92388b4b73f9105e
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 F test/mallocAll.test 98f1be74bc9f49a858bc4f361fc58e26486798be
 F test/mallocB.test bc475ab850cda896142ab935bbfbc74c24e51ed6
 F test/mallocC.test 3dffe16532f109293ce1ccecd0c31dca55ef08c4
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 F test/mallocI.test a88c2b9627c8506bf4703d8397420043a786cdb6
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 F test/mem5.test c6460fba403c5703141348cd90de1c294188c68f
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 F test/minmax.test 722d80816f7e096bf2c04f4111f1a6c1ba65453d
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 F test/notnull.test cc7c78340328e6112a13c3e311a9ab3127114347
 F test/null.test a8b09b8ed87852742343b33441a9240022108993
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 F test/permutations.test aae89941ca0968b53633c97b5dd0d6f9f9899d27
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 F test/printf.test 05970cde31b1a9f54bd75af60597be75a5c54fea
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 F test/quote.test 215897dbe8de1a6f701265836d6601cc6ed103e6
 F test/randexpr1.tcl 40dec52119ed3a2b8b2a773bce24b63a3a746459
 F test/randexpr1.test 1084050991e9ba22c1c10edd8d84673b501cc25a
@@ -631,21 +631,21 @@ F test/rdonly.test c267d050a1d9a6a321de502b737daf28821a518d
 F test/reindex.test 44edd3966b474468b823d481eafef0c305022254
 F test/releasetest.mk 2eced2f9ae701fd0a29e714a241760503ccba25a
 F test/releasetest.tcl fa302d03fd9acfce6d910553a33473bfcf561958
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 F test/rowhash.test 0bc1d31415e4575d10cacf31e1a66b5cc0f8be81
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 F test/rtree.test 0c8d9dd458d6824e59683c19ab2ffa9ef946f798
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 F test/savepoint2.test 9b8543940572a2f01a18298c3135ad0c9f4f67d7
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 F test/schema.test 8f7999be894260f151adf15c2c7540f1c6d6a481
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 F test/select1.test f67ca2dfc05df41c7b86eb32ca409b427a5f43b0
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 F test/select3.test 2ce595f8fb8e2ac10071d3b4e424cadd4634a054
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 F test/selectB.test 0d072c5846071b569766e6cd7f923f646a8b2bfa
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 F test/server1.test f5b790d4c0498179151ca8a7715a65a7802c859c
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 F test/shared_err.test 91e26ec4f3fbe07951967955585137e2f18993de
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 F test/shortread1.test bb591ef20f0fd9ed26d0d12e80eee6d7ac8897a3
@@ -676,32 +676,32 @@ F test/speed1.test f2974a91d79f58507ada01864c0e323093065452
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+F test/walslow.test e7be6d9888f83aa5d3d3c7c08aa9b5c28b93609a
+F test/walthread.test a2ed5270eb695284d4ad27d252517bdc3317ee2a
 F test/where.test de337a3fe0a459ec7c93db16a519657a90552330
 F test/where2.test 43d4becaf5a5df854e6c21d624a1cb84c6904554
 F test/where3.test 8e1175c7ef710c70502858fc4fb08d784b3620b9
@@ -953,7 +953,10 @@ F tool/symbols.sh caaf6ccc7300fd43353318b44524853e222557d5
 F tool/tostr.awk 11760e1b94a5d3dcd42378f3cc18544c06cfa576
 F tool/vdbe-compress.tcl d70ea6d8a19e3571d7ab8c9b75cba86d1173ff0f
 F tool/warnings.sh 2ebae31e1eb352696f3c2f7706a34c084b28c262
-P 1b56677bdfb102d070a2057a65ba424fec81131d
-R 07a1c012e85371e0cbf430cb6bbf3579
-U drh
-Z 06c1fbb8b37310ceef1a2adde6978995
+P ed630b012f468d6779b83dd8c4dbf3a8dafee573
+R 735027666e11a1bb5deb1c9d66f6a810
+T *branch * winopen-retry-logic
+T *sym-winopen-retry-logic *
+T -sym-trunk *
+U mistachkin
+Z 48ff1b46b7d2b6052641cde313ef9900
diff --git a/manifest.uuid b/manifest.uuid
index 313ea78ef..04c96eaa2 100644
--- a/manifest.uuid
+++ b/manifest.uuid
@@ -1 +1 @@
-ed630b012f468d6779b83dd8c4dbf3a8dafee573
\ No newline at end of file
+9007586fdabed8dbcc78581ea9821cfd1f9a4c8c
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/os_win.c b/src/os_win.c
index 0ca5db6b4..a006627bf 100644
--- a/src/os_win.c
+++ b/src/os_win.c
@@ -2191,6 +2191,7 @@ static int winOpen(
   winFile *pFile = (winFile*)id;
   void *zConverted;              /* Filename in OS encoding */
   const char *zUtf8Name = zName; /* Filename in UTF-8 encoding */
+  int cnt = 0;
 
   /* If argument zPath is a NULL pointer, this function is required to open
   ** a temporary file. Use this buffer to store the file name in.
@@ -2310,31 +2311,31 @@ static int winOpen(
 #endif
 
   if( isNT() ){
-    h = CreateFileW((WCHAR*)zConverted,
-       dwDesiredAccess,
-       dwShareMode,
-       NULL,
-       dwCreationDisposition,
-       dwFlagsAndAttributes,
-       NULL
-    );
+    while( (h = CreateFileW((WCHAR*)zConverted,
+                            dwDesiredAccess,
+                            dwShareMode, NULL,
+                            dwCreationDisposition,
+                            dwFlagsAndAttributes,
+                            NULL))==INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE &&
+                            retryIoerr(&cnt) ){}
 /* isNT() is 1 if SQLITE_OS_WINCE==1, so this else is never executed. 
 ** Since the ASCII version of these Windows API do not exist for WINCE,
 ** it's important to not reference them for WINCE builds.
 */
 #if SQLITE_OS_WINCE==0
   }else{
-    h = CreateFileA((char*)zConverted,
-       dwDesiredAccess,
-       dwShareMode,
-       NULL,
-       dwCreationDisposition,
-       dwFlagsAndAttributes,
-       NULL
-    );
+    while( (h = CreateFileA((char*)zConverted,
+                            dwDesiredAccess,
+                            dwShareMode, NULL,
+                            dwCreationDisposition,
+                            dwFlagsAndAttributes,
+                            NULL))==INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE &&
+                            retryIoerr(&cnt) ){}
 #endif
   }
 
+  logIoerr(cnt);
+
   OSTRACE(("OPEN %d %s 0x%lx %s\n", 
            h, zName, dwDesiredAccess, 
            h==INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE ? "failed" : "ok"));
diff --git a/test/8_3_names.test b/test/8_3_names.test
index 418685e64..b53e28a92 100644
--- a/test/8_3_names.test
+++ b/test/8_3_names.test
@@ -67,8 +67,8 @@ do_test 8_3_names-2.1 {
   file exists test.nal
 } 1
 forcedelete test2.db test2.nal test2.db-journal
-file copy test.db test2.db
-file copy test.nal test2.nal
+copy_file test.db test2.db
+copy_file test.nal test2.nal
 do_test 8_3_names-2.2 {
   db eval {
     COMMIT;
@@ -101,8 +101,8 @@ do_test 8_3_names-3.1 {
   file exists test.nal
 } 0
 forcedelete test2.db test2.nal test2.db-journal
-file copy test.db test2.db
-file copy test.db-journal test2.db-journal
+copy_file test.db test2.db
+copy_file test.db-journal test2.db-journal
 do_test 8_3_names-3.2 {
   db eval {
     COMMIT;
diff --git a/test/alter.test b/test/alter.test
index 359034d5a..4d5a484b2 100644
--- a/test/alter.test
+++ b/test/alter.test
@@ -221,8 +221,8 @@ do_test alter-1.7 {
 #
 ifcapable attach {
   do_test alter-1.8.1 {
-    file delete -force test2.db
-    file delete -force test2.db-journal
+    forcedelete test2.db
+    forcedelete test2.db-journal
     execsql {
       ATTACH 'test2.db' AS aux;
     }
@@ -412,8 +412,8 @@ do_test alter-3.1.8 {
 
 # Make sure "ON" cannot be used as a database, table or column name without
 # quoting. Otherwise the sqlite_alter_trigger() function might not work.
-file delete -force test3.db
-file delete -force test3.db-journal
+forcedelete test3.db
+forcedelete test3.db-journal
 ifcapable attach {
   do_test alter-3.2.1 {
     catchsql {
diff --git a/test/alter2.test b/test/alter2.test
index 66b195094..14be637f9 100644
--- a/test/alter2.test
+++ b/test/alter2.test
@@ -315,8 +315,8 @@ do_test alter2-6.1 {
 } {2}
 ifcapable attach {
   do_test alter2-6.2 {
-    file delete -force test2.db-journal
-    file delete -force test2.db
+    forcedelete test2.db-journal
+    forcedelete test2.db
     execsql {
       ATTACH 'test2.db' AS aux;
       CREATE TABLE aux.t1(a, b);
diff --git a/test/alter3.test b/test/alter3.test
index 74ba33c5e..28d293e24 100644
--- a/test/alter3.test
+++ b/test/alter3.test
@@ -196,7 +196,7 @@ ifcapable schema_version {
 
 do_test alter3-4.1 {
   db close
-  file delete -force test.db
+  forcedelete test.db
   set ::DB [sqlite3 db test.db]
   execsql {
     PRAGMA legacy_file_format=ON;
@@ -237,8 +237,8 @@ do_test alter3-4.99 {
 
 ifcapable attach {
   do_test alter3-5.1 {
-    file delete -force test2.db
-    file delete -force test2.db-journal
+    forcedelete test2.db
+    forcedelete test2.db-journal
     execsql {
       CREATE TABLE t1(a, b);
       INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1, 'one');
diff --git a/test/alter4.test b/test/alter4.test
index 738db3fd3..cda45533c 100644
--- a/test/alter4.test
+++ b/test/alter4.test
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ ifcapable schema_version {
 
 do_test alter4-4.1 {
   db close
-  file delete -force test.db
+  forcedelete test.db
   set ::DB [sqlite3 db test.db]
   execsql {
     CREATE TEMP TABLE t1(a, b);
@@ -213,8 +213,8 @@ do_test alter4-4.99 {
 
 ifcapable attach {
   do_test alter4-5.1 {
-    file delete -force test2.db
-    file delete -force test2.db-journal
+    forcedelete test2.db
+    forcedelete test2.db-journal
     execsql {
       CREATE TEMP TABLE t1(a, b);
       INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1, 'one');
diff --git a/test/async.test b/test/async.test
index f1d641da7..e1bc08642 100644
--- a/test/async.test
+++ b/test/async.test
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ foreach testfile [lsort -dictionary [glob $testdir/*.test]] {
 
   # Make sure everything is flushed through. This is because [source]ing 
   # the next test file will delete the database file on disk (using
-  # [file delete]). If the asynchronous backend still has the file
+  # [delete_file]). If the asynchronous backend still has the file
   # open, it will become confused.
   #
   flush_async_queue
diff --git a/test/async2.test b/test/async2.test
index ec4ae308d..7994a7219 100644
--- a/test/async2.test
+++ b/test/async2.test
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ foreach err [list ioerr malloc-transient malloc-persistent] {
   for {set n 1} {$::go} {incr n} {
     set ::sqlite_io_error_pending 0
     sqlite3_memdebug_fail -1
-    file delete -force test.db test.db-journal
+    forcedelete test.db test.db-journal
     sqlite3 db test.db
     execsql $::setup_script
     db close
diff --git a/test/async3.test b/test/async3.test
index 77c4d55d4..9336b6605 100644
--- a/test/async3.test
+++ b/test/async3.test
@@ -41,8 +41,8 @@ set paths {
 
 do_test async3-1.0 {
   file mkdir [file join chocolate banana vanilla]
-  file delete -force chocolate/banana/vanilla/file.db
-  file delete -force chocolate/banana/vanilla/file.db-journal
+  forcedelete chocolate/banana/vanilla/file.db
+  forcedelete chocolate/banana/vanilla/file.db-journal
 } {}
 
 do_test async3-1.1 {
diff --git a/test/async5.test b/test/async5.test
index 5ea4c70ec..aa484fccb 100644
--- a/test/async5.test
+++ b/test/async5.test
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ if {[info commands sqlite3async_initialize] eq ""} {
 }
 
 db close
-file delete -force test2.db
+forcedelete test2.db
 sqlite3async_initialize "" 1
 sqlite3async_control halt never
 sqlite3 db test.db
diff --git a/test/attach.test b/test/attach.test
index 1bb596cb9..d57f5bfb5 100644
--- a/test/attach.test
+++ b/test/attach.test
@@ -24,8 +24,8 @@ ifcapable !attach {
 }
 
 for {set i 2} {$i<=15} {incr i} {
-  file delete -force test$i.db
-  file delete -force test$i.db-journal
+  forcedelete test$i.db
+  forcedelete test$i.db-journal
 }
 
 do_test attach-1.1 {
@@ -628,7 +628,7 @@ do_test attach-5.1 {
   db close
   sqlite3 db test.db
   db2 close
-  file delete -force test2.db
+  forcedelete test2.db
   sqlite3 db2 test2.db
   catchsql {
     ATTACH DATABASE 'test.db' AS orig;
@@ -725,7 +725,7 @@ if {$tcl_platform(platform)=="unix"} {
     file attributes cannot-read -permission 0000
     if {[file writable cannot-read]} {
       puts "\n**** Tests do not work when run as root ****"
-      file delete -force cannot-read
+      forcedelete cannot-read
       exit 1
     }
     catchsql {
@@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ if {$tcl_platform(platform)=="unix"} {
   do_test attach-6.2.2 {
     db errorcode
   } {14}
-  file delete -force cannot-read
+  forcedelete cannot-read
 }
 
 # Check the error message if we try to access a database that has
@@ -749,12 +749,12 @@ for {set i 2} {$i<=15} {incr i} {
   catch {db$i close}
 }
 db close
-file delete -force test2.db
-file delete -force no-such-file
+forcedelete test2.db
+forcedelete no-such-file
 
 ifcapable subquery {
   do_test attach-7.1 {
-    file delete -force test.db test.db-journal
+    forcedelete test.db test.db-journal
     sqlite3 db test.db
     catchsql {
       DETACH RAISE ( IGNORE ) IN ( SELECT "AAAAAA" . * ORDER BY 
@@ -777,7 +777,7 @@ do_test attach-8.1 {
 do_test attach-8.2 {
   db errorcode
 } {26}
-file delete -force test2.db
+forcedelete test2.db
 do_test attach-8.3 {
   sqlite3 db2 test2.db
   db2 eval {CREATE TABLE t1(x); BEGIN EXCLUSIVE}
@@ -789,13 +789,13 @@ do_test attach-8.4 {
   db errorcode
 } {5}
 db2 close
-file delete -force test2.db
+forcedelete test2.db
 
 # Test that it is possible to attach the same database more than
 # once when not in shared-cache mode. That this is not possible in
 # shared-cache mode is tested in shared7.test.
 do_test attach-9.1 {
-  file delete -force test4.db
+  forcedelete test4.db
   execsql {
     ATTACH 'test4.db' AS aux1;
     CREATE TABLE aux1.t1(a, b);
diff --git a/test/attach2.test b/test/attach2.test
index 3cc5af961..db230723a 100644
--- a/test/attach2.test
+++ b/test/attach2.test
@@ -33,8 +33,8 @@ do_test attach2-1.1 {
     CREATE TABLE t1(a,b);
     CREATE INDEX x1 ON t1(a);
   }
-  file delete -force test2.db
-  file delete -force test2.db-journal
+  forcedelete test2.db
+  forcedelete test2.db-journal
   sqlite3 db2 test2.db
   db2 eval {
     CREATE TABLE t1(a,b);
@@ -327,7 +327,7 @@ do_test attach2-4.15 {
 
 db close
 db2 close
-file delete -force test2.db
+forcedelete test2.db
 sqlite3_soft_heap_limit $soft_limit
 
 # These tests - attach2-5.* - check that the master journal file is deleted
@@ -335,7 +335,7 @@ sqlite3_soft_heap_limit $soft_limit
 #
 # Update: It's not actually created if a rollback occurs, so that test
 # doesn't really prove too much.
-foreach f [glob test.db*] {file delete -force $f}
+foreach f [glob test.db*] {forcedelete $f}
 do_test attach2-5.1 {
   sqlite3 db test.db
   execsql {
diff --git a/test/attach3.test b/test/attach3.test
index 36d39991b..f86142534 100644
--- a/test/attach3.test
+++ b/test/attach3.test
@@ -35,8 +35,8 @@ execsql {
 }
 
 # Create tables t1 and t2 in database file test2.db
-file delete -force test2.db
-file delete -force test2.db-journal
+forcedelete test2.db
+forcedelete test2.db-journal
 sqlite3 db2 test2.db
 execsql {
   CREATE TABLE t1(a, b);
diff --git a/test/attachmalloc.test b/test/attachmalloc.test
index c485c618b..7fee1e1b2 100644
--- a/test/attachmalloc.test
+++ b/test/attachmalloc.test
@@ -29,8 +29,8 @@ do_malloc_test attachmalloc-1 -tclprep {
   catch { db close }
   for {set i 2} {$i<=4} {incr i} {
     catch { db$i close }
-    file delete -force test$i.db
-    file delete -force test$i.db-journal
+    forcedelete test$i.db
+    forcedelete test$i.db-journal
   }
 } -tclbody {
   if {[catch {sqlite3 db test.db}]} {
@@ -48,8 +48,8 @@ do_malloc_test attachmalloc-1 -tclprep {
 }
 
 do_malloc_test attachmalloc-2 -tclprep {
-  file delete -force test2.db
-  file delete -force test2.db-journal
+  forcedelete test2.db
+  forcedelete test2.db-journal
   sqlite3 db2 test2.db
   db2 eval {
     CREATE TABLE t1(a, b, c);
diff --git a/test/autoinc.test b/test/autoinc.test
index 983b9b832..98f6919b0 100644
--- a/test/autoinc.test
+++ b/test/autoinc.test
@@ -427,8 +427,8 @@ ifcapable tempdb {
 #
 ifcapable tempdb&&attach {
   do_test autoinc-5.1 {
-    file delete -force test2.db
-    file delete -force test2.db-journal
+    forcedelete test2.db
+    forcedelete test2.db-journal
     sqlite3 db2 test2.db
     execsql {
       CREATE TABLE t4(m INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT, n);
@@ -520,7 +520,7 @@ do_test autoinc-7.2 {
 do_test autoinc-8.1 {
   catch {db2 close}
   catch {db close}
-  file delete -force test.db
+  forcedelete test.db
   sqlite3 db test.db
   set DB [sqlite3_connection_pointer db]
   set STMT [sqlite3_prepare $DB {
diff --git a/test/autovacuum.test b/test/autovacuum.test
index 57dfd52df..1aef18f33 100644
--- a/test/autovacuum.test
+++ b/test/autovacuum.test
@@ -467,7 +467,7 @@ do_test autovacuum-3.3 {
 
 do_test autovacuum-3.4 {
   db close
-  file delete -force test.db
+  forcedelete test.db
   sqlite3 db test.db
   execsql {
     PRAGMA auto_vacuum;
@@ -502,7 +502,7 @@ do_test autovacuum-4.0 {
   # Reset everything just in case.
   #
   db close
-  file delete -force test.db test.db-journal
+  forcedelete test.db test.db-journal
   sqlite3 db test.db
   execsql {
     PRAGMA auto_vacuum = 1;
@@ -599,8 +599,8 @@ do_test autovacuum-6.1 {
 #
 do_test autovacuum-7.1 {
   db close
-  file delete -force test.db
-  file delete -force test.db-journal
+  forcedelete test.db
+  forcedelete test.db-journal
   sqlite3 db test.db
 
   execsql {
diff --git a/test/autovacuum_ioerr2.test b/test/autovacuum_ioerr2.test
index dadb29c0c..891d00eb0 100644
--- a/test/autovacuum_ioerr2.test
+++ b/test/autovacuum_ioerr2.test
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ do_ioerr_test autovacuum-ioerr2-3 -sqlprep {
   DROP TABLE abc2;
 }
 
-file delete -force backup.db
+forcedelete backup.db
 ifcapable subquery {
   do_ioerr_test autovacuum-ioerr2-4 -tclprep {
     if {![file exists backup.db]} {
@@ -99,9 +99,9 @@ ifcapable subquery {
       dbb close
     }
     db close
-    file delete -force test.db
-    file delete -force test.db-journal
-    copy_file backup.db test.db
+    forcedelete test.db
+    forcedelete test.db-journal
+    forcecopy backup.db test.db
     set ::DB [sqlite3 db test.db]
     execsql {
       PRAGMA cache_size = 10;
diff --git a/test/backcompat.test b/test/backcompat.test
index fa643f9b7..e8e2f6158 100644
--- a/test/backcompat.test
+++ b/test/backcompat.test
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ foreach bin $binaries {
 
 proc do_backcompat_test {rv bin1 bin2 script} {
 
-  file delete -force test.db
+  forcedelete test.db
 
   if {$bin1 != ""} { set ::bc_chan1 [launch_testfixture $bin1] }
   set ::bc_chan2 [launch_testfixture $bin2]
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ proc read_file_system {} {
 proc write_file_system {data} {
   foreach f {test.db test.db-journal test.db-wal} d $data { 
     if {[string length $d] == 0} {
-      file delete -force $f
+      forcedelete $f
     } else {
       write_file $f $d
     }
diff --git a/test/backup.test b/test/backup.test
index 0e2c26f33..62698857b 100644
--- a/test/backup.test
+++ b/test/backup.test
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ test_contents backup-1.2 db main db main
 # Check that it is possible to create and finish backup operations.
 #
 do_test backup-1.3.1 {
-  file delete test2.db
+  delete_file test2.db
   sqlite3 db2 test2.db
   sqlite3_backup B db2 main db main
 } {B}
@@ -168,8 +168,8 @@ foreach pgsz_dest {512 1024 2048} {
 foreach nPagePerStep {1 200} {
 
   # Open the databases.
-  catch { file delete test.db }
-  catch { file delete test2.db }
+  catch { delete_file test.db }
+  catch { delete_file test2.db }
   eval $zOpenScript
 
   # Set to true if copying to an in-memory destination. Copying to an 
@@ -279,8 +279,8 @@ foreach nSrcPg {10 64 65 66 100} {
 foreach nDestRow {10 100} {
 foreach nDestPgsz {512 1024 2048 4096} {
 
-  catch { file delete test.db }
-  catch { file delete test2.db }
+  catch { delete_file test.db }
+  catch { delete_file test2.db }
   sqlite3 db test.db
   sqlite3 db2 test2.db
 
@@ -327,8 +327,8 @@ foreach nDestPgsz {512 1024 2048 4096} {
 
 #--------------------------------------------------------------------
 do_test backup-3.$iTest.1 {
-  catch { file delete -force test.db }
-  catch { file delete -force test2.db }
+  catch { forcedelete test.db }
+  catch { forcedelete test2.db }
   sqlite3 db test.db
   set iTab 1
 
@@ -392,8 +392,8 @@ do_test backup-4.1.4 {
 } {unknown database aux}
 
 do_test backup-4.2.1 {
-  catch { file delete -force test3.db }
-  catch { file delete -force test4.db }
+  catch { forcedelete test3.db }
+  catch { forcedelete test4.db }
   execsql { 
     ATTACH 'test3.db' AS aux1;
     CREATE TABLE aux1.t1(a, b);
@@ -439,7 +439,7 @@ db close
 db2 close
 
 do_test backup-4.5.1 {
-  catch { file delete -force test.db }
+  catch { forcedelete test.db }
   sqlite3 db test.db
   sqlite3 db2 :memory:
   execsql {
@@ -491,12 +491,12 @@ db2 close
 #   3) Backing up memory-to-file. 
 #
 set iTest 0
-file delete -force bak.db-wal
+forcedelete bak.db-wal
 foreach {writer file} {db test.db db3 test.db db :memory:} {
   incr iTest
-  catch { file delete bak.db }
+  catch { delete_file bak.db }
   sqlite3 db2 bak.db
-  catch { file delete $file }
+  catch { delete_file $file }
   sqlite3 db $file
   sqlite3 db3 $file
 
@@ -597,9 +597,9 @@ foreach {writer file} {db test.db db3 test.db db :memory:} {
   catch {db close}
   catch {db2 close}
   catch {db3 close}
-  catch { file delete bak.db }
+  catch { delete_file bak.db }
   sqlite3 db2 bak.db
-  catch { file delete $file }
+  catch { delete_file $file }
   sqlite3 db $file
   sqlite3 db3 $file
   do_test backup-5.$iTest.5.1 {
@@ -644,8 +644,8 @@ foreach {writer file} {db test.db db3 test.db db :memory:} {
 # Test the sqlite3_backup_remaining() and backup_pagecount() APIs.
 #
 do_test backup-6.1 {
-  catch { file delete -force test.db }
-  catch { file delete -force test2.db }
+  catch { forcedelete test.db }
+  catch { forcedelete test2.db }
   sqlite3 db test.db
   sqlite3 db2 test2.db
   execsql {
@@ -701,8 +701,8 @@ catch {db2 close}
 # backup-7.3.*: Destination database is externally locked (return SQLITE_BUSY).
 #
 do_test backup-7.0 {
-  catch { file delete -force test.db }
-  catch { file delete -force test2.db }
+  catch { forcedelete test.db }
+  catch { forcedelete test2.db }
   sqlite3 db2 test2.db
   sqlite3 db test.db
   execsql {
@@ -754,7 +754,7 @@ integrity_check backup-7.3.6 db2
 do_test backup-7.3.1 {
   db2 close
   db3 close
-  file delete -force test2.db
+  forcedelete test2.db
   sqlite3 db2 test2.db
   sqlite3 db3 test2.db
 
@@ -783,8 +783,8 @@ catch { db3 close }
 # These tests reuse the database "test.db" left over from backup-7.*.
 #
 do_test backup-8.1 {
-  catch { file delete -force test2.db }
-  catch { file delete -force test3.db }
+  catch { forcedelete test2.db }
+  catch { forcedelete test3.db }
   sqlite3 db2 test2.db
   sqlite3 db3 test3.db
 
@@ -865,8 +865,8 @@ catch {db2 close}
 
 ifcapable memorymanage {
   db close
-  file delete -force test.db
-  file delete -force bak.db
+  forcedelete test.db
+  forcedelete bak.db
 
   sqlite3 db test.db
   sqlite3 db2 test.db
@@ -918,7 +918,7 @@ ifcapable memorymanage {
 #   10.2.*: If the db is a file, the backup is not restarted.
 #
 db close
-file delete -force test.db test.db-journal
+forcedelete test.db test.db-journal
 foreach {tn file rc} {
   1 test.db  SQLITE_DONE
   2 :memory: SQLITE_OK
@@ -948,7 +948,7 @@ foreach {tn file rc} {
   } {1}
 
   do_test backup-10.$tn.3 {
-    file delete -force bak.db bak.db-journal
+    forcedelete bak.db bak.db-journal
     sqlite3 db2 bak.db
     sqlite3_backup B db2 main db main
     B step 50
diff --git a/test/backup2.test b/test/backup2.test
index 749c460e4..34924b02c 100644
--- a/test/backup2.test
+++ b/test/backup2.test
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ set cksum [dbcksum db main]
 # is identical to the original.
 #
 do_test backup2-2 {
-  file delete -force bu1.db
+  forcedelete bu1.db
   db backup bu1.db
   sqlite3 db2 bu1.db
   dbcksum db2 main
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ do_test backup2-2 {
 #
 do_test backup2-3.1 {
   db close
-  file delete -force test.db test.db-journal
+  forcedelete test.db test.db-journal
   sqlite3 db test.db
   db2 eval {BEGIN EXCLUSIVE}
   set rc [catch {db restore bu1.db} res]
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ do_test backup2-3.1 {
 } {1 {restore failed: source database busy}}
 do_test backup2-3.2 {
   db close
-  file delete -force test.db test.db-journal
+  forcedelete test.db test.db-journal
   sqlite3 db test.db
   db restore bu1.db
   dbcksum db main
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ do_test backup2-4 {
 } $cksum
 do_test backup2-5 {
   db2 close
-  file delete -force bu1.db bu2.db
+  forcedelete bu1.db bu2.db
   db backup temp bu2.db
   sqlite3 db2 bu2.db
   dbcksum db2 main
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ do_test backup2-7 {
 # Try to backup database that does not exist
 #
 do_test backup2-8 {
-  file delete -force bu1.db
+  forcedelete bu1.db
   set rc [catch {db backup aux1 bu1.db} res]
   lappend rc $res
 } {1 {backup failed: unknown database aux1}}
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ do_test backup2-9 {
 #
 if {$tcl_platform(platform)=="windows"} {
   do_test backup2-10 {
-    file delete -force bu3.db
+    forcedelete bu3.db
     file mkdir bu3.db
     set rc [catch {db restore temp bu3.db} res]
     lappend rc $res
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ if {$tcl_platform(platform)=="windows"} {
 }
 if {$tcl_platform(platform)!="windows"} {
   do_test backup2-10 {
-    file delete -force bu3.db
+    forcedelete bu3.db
     file mkdir bu3.db
     set rc [catch {db restore temp bu3.db} res]
     lappend rc $res
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ do_test backup2-12 {
   lappend rc $res
 } {1 {restore failed: unknown database aux1}}
 do_test backup2-13 {
-  file delete -force bu4.db
+  forcedelete bu4.db
   set rc [catch {db restore bu4.db} res]
   lappend rc $res
 } {1 {cannot open source database: unable to open database file}}
@@ -184,6 +184,6 @@ do_test backup2-14 {
   lappend rc $res
 } {1 {wrong # args: should be "db restore ?DATABASE? FILENAME"}}
  
-file delete -force bu1.db bu2.db bu3.db bu4.db
+forcedelete bu1.db bu2.db bu3.db bu4.db
 
 finish_test
diff --git a/test/backup_ioerr.test b/test/backup_ioerr.test
index 3b5e95df5..313cff3da 100644
--- a/test/backup_ioerr.test
+++ b/test/backup_ioerr.test
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ do_test backup_ioerr-1.2 {
 } {1}
 do_test backup_ioerr-1.3 {
   db close
-  file delete -force test.db
+  forcedelete test.db
 } {}
 
 # Turn off IO error simulation.
@@ -155,8 +155,8 @@ for {set iError 1} {$bStop == 0} {incr iError} {
 
   catch { ddb close }
   catch { sdb close }
-  catch { file delete -force test.db }
-  catch { file delete -force bak.db }
+  catch { forcedelete test.db }
+  catch { forcedelete bak.db }
 
   # Open the source and destination databases.
   sqlite3 sdb test.db
diff --git a/test/capi3.test b/test/capi3.test
index cc1461a7e..cbba04cd8 100644
--- a/test/capi3.test
+++ b/test/capi3.test
@@ -697,7 +697,7 @@ if {![sqlite3 -has-codec]} {
   # Now test that the library correctly handles bogus entries in the
   # sqlite_master table (schema corruption).
   do_test capi3-8.1 {
-    file delete -force test.db test.db-journal
+    forcedelete test.db test.db-journal
     sqlite3 db test.db
     execsql {
       CREATE TABLE t1(a);
@@ -722,7 +722,7 @@ if {![sqlite3 -has-codec]} {
     # Build a 5-field row record. The first field is a string 'table', and
     # subsequent fields are all NULL.
     db close
-    file delete -force test.db test.db-journal
+    forcedelete test.db test.db-journal
     sqlite3 db test.db
     execsql {
       CREATE TABLE t1(a);
@@ -739,8 +739,8 @@ if {![sqlite3 -has-codec]} {
   } {1 {malformed database schema (?)}}
   db close
 }
-file delete -force test.db
-file delete -force test.db-journal
+forcedelete test.db
+forcedelete test.db-journal
 
 
 # Test the english language string equivalents for sqlite error codes
diff --git a/test/capi3c.test b/test/capi3c.test
index af9794380..c1d5510bd 100644
--- a/test/capi3c.test
+++ b/test/capi3c.test
@@ -670,7 +670,7 @@ if {![sqlite3 -has-codec]} {
   # Now test that the library correctly handles bogus entries in the
   # sqlite_master table (schema corruption).
   do_test capi3c-8.1 {
-    file delete -force test.db test.db-journal
+    forcedelete test.db test.db-journal
     sqlite3 db test.db
     execsql {
       CREATE TABLE t1(a);
@@ -695,7 +695,7 @@ if {![sqlite3 -has-codec]} {
     # Build a 5-field row record. The first field is a string 'table', and
     # subsequent fields are all NULL.
     db close
-    file delete -force test.db test.db-journal
+    forcedelete test.db test.db-journal
     sqlite3 db test.db
     execsql {
       CREATE TABLE t1(a);
@@ -712,8 +712,8 @@ if {![sqlite3 -has-codec]} {
   } {1 {malformed database schema (?)}}
   db close
 }
-file delete -force test.db
-file delete -force test.db-journal
+forcedelete test.db
+forcedelete test.db-journal
 
 
 # Test the english language string equivalents for sqlite error codes
diff --git a/test/collate7.test b/test/collate7.test
index 22b67310f..da97491ec 100644
--- a/test/collate7.test
+++ b/test/collate7.test
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ do_test collate7-1.4 {
 } {2}
 
 do_test collate7-2.1 {
-  file delete -force test.db test.db-journal
+  forcedelete test.db test.db-journal
   sqlite3 db test.db
   sqlite3_create_collation_v2 db CASELESS caseless_cmp {incr ::caseless_del}
   execsql {
diff --git a/test/corrupt.test b/test/corrupt.test
index 719c19ccb..09f3c5bd7 100644
--- a/test/corrupt.test
+++ b/test/corrupt.test
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
 #
 # $Id: corrupt.test,v 1.12 2009/07/13 09:41:45 danielk1977 Exp $
 
-catch {file delete -force test.db test.db-journal test.bu}
+catch {forcedelete test.db test.db-journal test.bu}
 
 set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
 source $testdir/tester.tcl
@@ -51,22 +51,10 @@ do_test corrupt-1.1 {
 } {}
 integrity_check corrupt-1.2
 
-# Copy file $from into $to
-#
-proc copy_file {from to} {
-  set f [open $from]
-  fconfigure $f -translation binary
-  set t [open $to w]
-  fconfigure $t -translation binary
-  puts -nonewline $t [read $f [file size $from]]
-  close $t
-  close $f
-}
-
 # Setup for the tests.  Make a backup copy of the good database in test.bu.
 # Create a string of garbage data that is 256 bytes long.
 #
-copy_file test.db test.bu
+forcecopy test.db test.bu
 set fsize [file size test.db]
 set junk "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ"
 while {[string length $junk]<256} {append junk $junk}
@@ -79,7 +67,7 @@ set junk [string range $junk 0 255]
 for {set i [expr {1*256}]} {$i<$fsize-256} {incr i 256} {
   set tn [expr {$i/256}]
   db close
-  copy_file test.bu test.db
+  forcecopy test.bu test.db
   set fd [open test.db r+]
   fconfigure $fd -translation binary
   seek $fd $i
@@ -132,7 +120,7 @@ for {set i [expr {1*256}]} {$i<$fsize-256} {incr i 256} {
 #
 do_test corrupt-3.1 {
   db close
-  copy_file test.bu test.db
+  forcecopy test.bu test.db
   sqlite3 db test.db
   list
 } {}
@@ -181,7 +169,7 @@ do_test corrupt-3.6 {
 
 do_test corrupt-4.1 {
   db close
-  file delete -force test.db test.db-journal
+  forcedelete test.db test.db-journal
   sqlite3 db test.db
   execsql {
     PRAGMA page_size = 1024;
@@ -213,7 +201,7 @@ do_test corrupt-4.2 {
 
 do_test corrupt-5.1 {
   db close
-  file delete -force test.db test.db-journal
+  forcedelete test.db test.db-journal
   sqlite3 db test.db
 
   execsql { PRAGMA page_size = 1024 }
@@ -236,7 +224,7 @@ do_test corrupt-5.2 {
 # running this testcase under valgrind revealed the problem.
 do_test corrupt-6.1 {
   db close
-  file delete -force test.db test.db-journal
+  forcedelete test.db test.db-journal
   sqlite3 db test.db
   execsql { 
     PRAGMA page_size = 1024; CREATE TABLE t1(x);
@@ -264,7 +252,7 @@ do_test corrupt-6.1 {
 
 ifcapable oversize_cell_check {
   db close
-  file delete -force test.db test.db-journal
+  forcedelete test.db test.db-journal
   sqlite3 db test.db
   execsql { 
     PRAGMA page_size = 1024; CREATE TABLE t1(x);
@@ -317,7 +305,7 @@ ifcapable oversize_cell_check {
 }
 
 db close
-file delete -force test.db test.db-journal
+forcedelete test.db test.db-journal
 do_test corrupt-8.1 {
   sqlite3 db test.db
   execsql {
@@ -335,7 +323,7 @@ do_test corrupt-8.1 {
 } {1 {database disk image is malformed}}
 
 db close
-file delete -force test.db test.db-journal
+forcedelete test.db test.db-journal
 do_test corrupt-8.2 {
   sqlite3 db test.db
   execsql {
diff --git a/test/corrupt2.test b/test/corrupt2.test
index bdbc0165f..744a76ed0 100644
--- a/test/corrupt2.test
+++ b/test/corrupt2.test
@@ -41,9 +41,9 @@ do_test corrupt2-1.1 {
 do_test corrupt2-1.2 {
 
   # Corrupt the 16 byte magic string at the start of the file
-  file delete -force corrupt.db
-  file delete -force corrupt.db-journal
-  copy_file test.db corrupt.db
+  forcedelete corrupt.db
+  forcedelete corrupt.db-journal
+  forcecopy test.db corrupt.db
   set f [open corrupt.db RDWR]
   seek $f 8 start
   puts $f blah
@@ -60,9 +60,9 @@ do_test corrupt2-1.3 {
   db2 close
 
   # Corrupt the page-size (bytes 16 and 17 of page 1).
-  file delete -force corrupt.db
-  file delete -force corrupt.db-journal
-  copy_file test.db corrupt.db
+  forcedelete corrupt.db
+  forcedelete corrupt.db-journal
+  forcecopy test.db corrupt.db
   set f [open corrupt.db RDWR]
   fconfigure $f -encoding binary
   seek $f 16 start
@@ -80,9 +80,9 @@ do_test corrupt2-1.4 {
   db2 close
 
   # Corrupt the free-block list on page 1.
-  file delete -force corrupt.db
-  file delete -force corrupt.db-journal
-  copy_file test.db corrupt.db
+  forcedelete corrupt.db
+  forcedelete corrupt.db-journal
+  forcecopy test.db corrupt.db
   set f [open corrupt.db RDWR]
   fconfigure $f -encoding binary
   seek $f 101 start
@@ -100,9 +100,9 @@ do_test corrupt2-1.5 {
   db2 close
 
   # Corrupt the free-block list on page 1.
-  file delete -force corrupt.db
-  file delete -force corrupt.db-journal
-  copy_file test.db corrupt.db
+  forcedelete corrupt.db
+  forcedelete corrupt.db-journal
+  forcecopy test.db corrupt.db
   set f [open corrupt.db RDWR]
   fconfigure $f -encoding binary
   seek $f 101 start
@@ -123,9 +123,9 @@ db2 close
 # Corrupt a database by having 2 indices of the same name:
 do_test corrupt2-2.1 {
 
-  file delete -force corrupt.db
-  file delete -force corrupt.db-journal
-  copy_file test.db corrupt.db
+  forcedelete corrupt.db
+  forcedelete corrupt.db-journal
+  forcecopy test.db corrupt.db
 
   sqlite3 db2 corrupt.db 
   execsql "
@@ -150,8 +150,8 @@ do_test corrupt2-2.1 {
 db2 close
 
 do_test corrupt2-3.1 {
-  file delete -force corrupt.db
-  file delete -force corrupt.db-journal
+  forcedelete corrupt.db
+  forcedelete corrupt.db-journal
   sqlite3 db2 corrupt.db 
 
   execsql "
@@ -200,8 +200,8 @@ db2 close
 
 unset -nocomplain result
 do_test corrupt2-5.1 {
-  file delete -force corrupt.db
-  file delete -force corrupt.db-journal
+  forcedelete corrupt.db
+  forcedelete corrupt.db-journal
   sqlite3 db2 corrupt.db 
 
   execsql "
@@ -257,8 +257,8 @@ proc corruption_test {args} {
   array set A $args
 
   catch {db close}
-  file delete -force corrupt.db
-  file delete -force corrupt.db-journal
+  forcedelete corrupt.db
+  forcedelete corrupt.db-journal
 
   sqlite3 db corrupt.db 
   db eval $::presql
diff --git a/test/corrupt9.test b/test/corrupt9.test
index f083cf247..f199452f9 100644
--- a/test/corrupt9.test
+++ b/test/corrupt9.test
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ integrity_check corrupt9-1.2
 # Make sure the corruption is detected.
 #
 db close
-file copy -force test.db test.db-template
+forcecopy test.db test.db-template
 
 corrupt_freelist test.db 1
 sqlite3 db test.db
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ do_test corrupt9-2.2 {
 
 
 db close
-file copy -force test.db-template test.db
+forcecopy test.db-template test.db
 corrupt_freelist test.db 2
 sqlite3 db test.db
 do_test corrupt9-3.1 {
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ do_test corrupt9-3.2 {
 } {1 {database disk image is malformed}}
 
 db close
-file copy -force test.db-template test.db
+forcecopy test.db-template test.db
 corrupt_freelist test.db 3
 sqlite3 db test.db
 do_test corrupt9-4.1 {
diff --git a/test/corruptA.test b/test/corruptA.test
index 9c7d228f4..8b76d3a20 100644
--- a/test/corruptA.test
+++ b/test/corruptA.test
@@ -40,12 +40,12 @@ integrity_check corruptA-1.2
 # is detected when opening the database file.
 #
 db close
-file copy -force test.db test.db-template
+forcecopy test.db test.db-template
 
 set unreadable_version 02
 ifcapable wal { set unreadable_version 03 }
 do_test corruptA-2.1 {
-  file copy -force test.db-template test.db
+  forcecopy test.db-template test.db
   hexio_write test.db 19 $unreadable_version   ;# the read format number
   sqlite3 db test.db
   catchsql {SELECT * FROM t1}  
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ do_test corruptA-2.1 {
  
 do_test corruptA-2.2 {
   db close
-  file copy -force test.db-template test.db
+  forcecopy test.db-template test.db
   hexio_write test.db 21 41   ;# max embedded payload fraction
   sqlite3 db test.db
   catchsql {SELECT * FROM t1}  
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ do_test corruptA-2.2 {
  
 do_test corruptA-2.3 {
   db close
-  file copy -force test.db-template test.db
+  forcecopy test.db-template test.db
   hexio_write test.db 22 1f   ;# min embedded payload fraction
   sqlite3 db test.db
   catchsql {SELECT * FROM t1}  
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ do_test corruptA-2.3 {
  
 do_test corruptA-2.4 {
   db close
-  file copy -force test.db-template test.db
+  forcecopy test.db-template test.db
   hexio_write test.db 23 21   ;# min leaf payload fraction
   sqlite3 db test.db
   catchsql {SELECT * FROM t1}  
diff --git a/test/corruptB.test b/test/corruptB.test
index 4aa1d010c..0ff2d6e9e 100644
--- a/test/corruptB.test
+++ b/test/corruptB.test
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ do_test corruptB-1.1 {
 } {1}
 integrity_check corruptB-1.2
 
-file copy -force test.db bak.db
+forcecopy test.db bak.db
 
 # Set the right-child of a B-Tree rootpage to refer to the root-page itself.
 #
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ do_test corruptB-1.3.2 {
 #
 do_test corruptB-1.4.1 {
   db close
-  file copy -force bak.db test.db
+  forcecopy bak.db test.db
   set cell_offset [hexio_get_int [hexio_read test.db [expr $offset+12] 2]]
   hexio_write test.db [expr $offset+$cell_offset] [hexio_render_int32 $::root]
 } {4}
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ do_test corruptB-1.4.2 {
 #
 do_test corruptB-1.5.1 {
   db close
-  file copy -force bak.db test.db
+  forcecopy bak.db test.db
   sqlite3 db test.db
   execsql {
     INSERT INTO t1 SELECT randomblob(200) FROM t1;
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ do_test corruptB-1.5.1 {
   }
 } {}
 
-file copy -force test.db bak.db
+forcecopy test.db bak.db
 
 # Set the right-child pointer of the right-child of the root page to point
 # back to the root page.
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ do_test corruptB-1.6.2 {
 #
 do_test corruptB-1.7.1 {
   db close
-  file copy -force bak.db test.db
+  forcecopy bak.db test.db
   set cell_offset [hexio_get_int [hexio_read test.db [expr $c_offset+12] 2]]
   hexio_write test.db [expr $c_offset+$cell_offset] [hexio_render_int32 $::root]
 } {4}
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ do_test corruptB-1.8.2 {
 #
 do_test corruptB-1.9.1 {
   db close
-  file copy -force bak.db test.db
+  forcecopy bak.db test.db
   set cell_offset [hexio_get_int [hexio_read test.db [expr $c_offset+12] 2]]
   hexio_write test.db [expr $c_offset+$cell_offset] [hexio_render_int32 $::root]
 } {4}
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ do_test corruptB-1.9.2 {
 
 do_test corruptB-2.1.1 {
   db close
-  file copy -force bak.db test.db
+  forcecopy bak.db test.db
   hexio_write test.db [expr $offset+8] [hexio_render_int32 0x6FFFFFFF]
 } {4}
 do_test corruptB-2.1.2 {
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ do_test corruptB-2.1.2 {
 #
 do_test corruptB-3.1.1 {
   db close
-  file copy -force bak.db test.db
+  forcecopy bak.db test.db
   sqlite3 db test.db
   set v [string repeat abcdefghij 200]
   execsql {
diff --git a/test/corruptC.test b/test/corruptC.test
index 058042638..34e81a1be 100644
--- a/test/corruptC.test
+++ b/test/corruptC.test
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 #
 # $Id: corruptC.test,v 1.14 2009/07/11 06:55:34 danielk1977 Exp $
 
-catch {file delete -force test.db test.db-journal test.bu}
+catch {forcedelete test.db test.db-journal test.bu}
 
 set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
 source $testdir/tester.tcl
@@ -58,16 +58,10 @@ proc random {range} {
   return [expr {round(rand()*$range)}]
 }
 
-# Copy file $from into $to
-#
-proc copy_file {from to} {
-  file copy -force $from $to
-}
-
 # Setup for the tests.  Make a backup copy of the good database in test.bu.
 #
 db close
-copy_file test.db test.bu
+forcecopy test.db test.bu
 sqlite3 db test.db
 set fsize [file size test.db]
 
@@ -92,7 +86,7 @@ expr srand($qseed)
 # test that a corrupt content offset size is handled (seed 5577)
 do_test corruptC-2.1 {
   db close
-  copy_file test.bu test.db
+  forcecopy test.bu test.db
 
   # insert corrupt byte(s)
   hexio_write test.db 2053 [format %02x 0x04]
@@ -104,7 +98,7 @@ do_test corruptC-2.1 {
 # test that a corrupt content offset size is handled (seed 5649)
 do_test corruptC-2.2 {
   db close
-  copy_file test.bu test.db
+  forcecopy test.bu test.db
 
   # insert corrupt byte(s)
   hexio_write test.db 27   [format %02x 0x08]
@@ -125,7 +119,7 @@ do_test corruptC-2.2 {
 # test that a corrupt free cell size is handled (seed 13329)
 do_test corruptC-2.3 {
   db close
-  copy_file test.bu test.db
+  forcecopy test.bu test.db
 
   # insert corrupt byte(s)
   hexio_write test.db 1094 [format %02x 0x76]
@@ -137,7 +131,7 @@ do_test corruptC-2.3 {
 # test that a corrupt free cell size is handled (seed 169571)
 do_test corruptC-2.4 {
   db close
-  copy_file test.bu test.db
+  forcecopy test.bu test.db
 
   # insert corrupt byte(s)
   hexio_write test.db 3119 [format %02x 0xdf]
@@ -149,7 +143,7 @@ do_test corruptC-2.4 {
 # test that a corrupt free cell size is handled (seed 169571)
 do_test corruptC-2.5 {
   db close
-  copy_file test.bu test.db
+  forcecopy test.bu test.db
 
   # insert corrupt byte(s)
   hexio_write test.db 3119 [format %02x 0xdf]
@@ -169,7 +163,7 @@ Page 4: btreeInitPage() returns error code 11}}}
 # test that a corrupt free cell size is handled (seed 169595)
 do_test corruptC-2.6 {
   db close
-  copy_file test.bu test.db
+  forcecopy test.bu test.db
 
   # insert corrupt byte(s)
   hexio_write test.db 619 [format %02x 0xe2]
@@ -182,7 +176,7 @@ do_test corruptC-2.6 {
 # corruption (seed 178692)
 do_test corruptC-2.7 {
   db close
-  copy_file test.bu test.db
+  forcecopy test.bu test.db
 
   # insert corrupt byte(s)
   hexio_write test.db 3074 [format %02x 0xa0]
@@ -194,7 +188,7 @@ do_test corruptC-2.7 {
 # corruption (seed 179069)
 do_test corruptC-2.8 {
   db close
-  copy_file test.bu test.db
+  forcecopy test.bu test.db
 
   # insert corrupt byte(s)
   hexio_write test.db 1393 [format %02x 0x7d]
@@ -210,7 +204,7 @@ do_test corruptC-2.8 {
 # corruption (seed 170434)
 do_test corruptC-2.9 {
   db close
-  copy_file test.bu test.db
+  forcecopy test.bu test.db
 
   # insert corrupt byte(s)
   hexio_write test.db 2095 [format %02x 0xd6]
@@ -222,7 +216,7 @@ do_test corruptC-2.9 {
 # corruption (seed 186504)
 do_test corruptC-2.10 {
   db close
-  copy_file test.bu test.db
+  forcecopy test.bu test.db
 
   # insert corrupt byte(s)
   hexio_write test.db 3130 [format %02x 0x02]
@@ -234,7 +228,7 @@ do_test corruptC-2.10 {
 # corruption (seed 1589)
 do_test corruptC-2.11 {
   db close
-  copy_file test.bu test.db
+  forcecopy test.bu test.db
 
   # insert corrupt byte(s)
   hexio_write test.db 55 [format %02x 0xa7]
@@ -246,7 +240,7 @@ do_test corruptC-2.11 {
 # corruption (seed 14166)
 do_test corruptC-2.12 {
   db close
-  copy_file test.bu test.db
+  forcecopy test.bu test.db
 
   # insert corrupt byte(s)
   hexio_write test.db 974 [format %02x 0x2e]
@@ -258,7 +252,7 @@ do_test corruptC-2.12 {
 # corruption (seed 218803)
 do_test corruptC-2.13 {
   db close
-  copy_file test.bu test.db
+  forcecopy test.bu test.db
 
   # insert corrupt byte(s)
   hexio_write test.db 102 [format %02x 0x12]
@@ -269,7 +263,7 @@ do_test corruptC-2.13 {
 
 do_test corruptC-2.14 {
   db close
-  copy_file test.bu test.db
+  forcecopy test.bu test.db
 
   sqlite3 db test.db
   set blob [string repeat abcdefghij 10000]
@@ -286,7 +280,7 @@ do_test corruptC-2.14 {
 #
 do_test corruptC-2.15 {
   db close
-  copy_file test.bu test.db
+  forcecopy test.bu test.db
   hexio_write test.db 986 b9
   sqlite3 db test.db
   catchsql {SELECT count(*) FROM sqlite_master;}
@@ -300,7 +294,7 @@ for {set tn 0} {$tn<$fsize} {incr tn 1} {
 
   # setup for test
   db close
-  copy_file test.bu test.db
+  forcecopy test.bu test.db
   sqlite3 db test.db
 
   # Seek to a random location in the file, and write a random single byte
diff --git a/test/corruptD.test b/test/corruptD.test
index 61dada658..393d41ee3 100644
--- a/test/corruptD.test
+++ b/test/corruptD.test
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ do_test corruptD-1.0 {
     DELETE FROM t1 WHERE a = 30;
     DELETE FROM t1 WHERE a = 40;
   }
-  copy_file test.db test.bu
+  forcecopy test.db test.bu
 } {}
 
 proc incr_change_counter {} {
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ proc incr_change_counter {} {
 
 proc restore_file {} {
   db close
-  copy_file test.bu test.db
+  forcecopy test.bu test.db
   sqlite3 db test.db
 }
 
diff --git a/test/corruptE.test b/test/corruptE.test
index a47adba1f..94bc928ff 100644
--- a/test/corruptE.test
+++ b/test/corruptE.test
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 #
 # $Id: corruptE.test,v 1.14 2009/07/11 06:55:34 danielk1977 Exp $
 
-catch {file delete -force test.db test.db-journal test.bu}
+catch {forcedelete test.db test.db-journal test.bu}
 
 set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
 source $testdir/tester.tcl
@@ -60,23 +60,17 @@ ifcapable {integrityck} {
   integrity_check corruptE-1.2
 }
 
-# Copy file $from into $to
-#
-proc copy_file {from to} {
-  file copy -force $from $to
-}
-
 # Setup for the tests.  Make a backup copy of the good database in test.bu.
 #
 db close
-copy_file test.db test.bu
+forcecopy test.db test.bu
 sqlite3 db test.db
 set fsize [file size test.db]
 
 
 do_test corruptE-2.1 {
   db close
-  copy_file test.bu test.db
+  forcecopy test.bu test.db
 
   # insert corrupt byte(s)
   hexio_write test.db 2041 [format %02x 0x2e]
@@ -92,7 +86,7 @@ do_test corruptE-2.1 {
 
 do_test corruptE-2.2 {
   db close
-  copy_file test.bu test.db
+  forcecopy test.bu test.db
 
   # insert corrupt byte(s)
   hexio_write test.db 2047 [format %02x 0x84]
@@ -108,7 +102,7 @@ do_test corruptE-2.2 {
 
 do_test corruptE-2.3 {
   db close
-  copy_file test.bu test.db
+  forcecopy test.bu test.db
 
   # insert corrupt byte(s)
   hexio_write test.db 7420 [format %02x 0xa8]
@@ -124,7 +118,7 @@ do_test corruptE-2.3 {
 
 do_test corruptE-2.4 {
   db close
-  copy_file test.bu test.db
+  forcecopy test.bu test.db
 
   # insert corrupt byte(s)
   hexio_write test.db 10233 [format %02x 0xd0]
@@ -165,7 +159,7 @@ set tc 1
 foreach test $tests {
   do_test corruptE-3.$tc {
     db close
-    copy_file test.bu test.db
+    forcecopy test.bu test.db
 
     # insert corrupt byte(s)
     hexio_write test.db [lindex $test 0] [format %02x [lindex $test 1]]
diff --git a/test/crash.test b/test/crash.test
index 42f41a36e..f644dcaf7 100644
--- a/test/crash.test
+++ b/test/crash.test
@@ -215,8 +215,8 @@ for {set i 1} {$i < $repeats} {incr i} {
 #
 ifcapable attach {
   do_test crash-4.0 {
-    file delete -force test2.db
-    file delete -force test2.db-journal
+    forcedelete test2.db
+    forcedelete test2.db-journal
     execsql {
       ATTACH 'test2.db' AS aux;
       PRAGMA aux.default_cache_size = 10;
@@ -318,7 +318,7 @@ ifcapable attach {
 # in test crash-5.3 for details.
 #
 db close
-file delete -force test.db
+forcedelete test.db
 sqlite3 db test.db
 do_test crash-5.1 {
   execsql {
diff --git a/test/crash3.test b/test/crash3.test
index 9b7a67847..7958af992 100644
--- a/test/crash3.test
+++ b/test/crash3.test
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ foreach {sql res2} [list \
   for {set ii 0} {$ii < 10} {incr ii} {
 
     db close
-    file delete -force test.db test.db-journal
+    forcedelete test.db test.db-journal
     sqlite3 db test.db
     do_test crash3-1.$tn.1 {
       execsql {
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ foreach {sql res2} [list \
 # This block tests both the IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL and IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND flags.
 #
 db close
-file delete -force test.db test.db-journal
+forcedelete test.db test.db-journal
 sqlite3 db test.db
 do_test crash3-2.0 {
   execsql {
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ foreach {::crashfile ::delay ::char} {
 #
 for {set ii 0} {$ii < 10} {incr ii} {
   db close
-  file delete -force test.db test.db-journal
+  forcedelete test.db test.db-journal
   crashsql -file test.db -char {sequential atomic} {
     CREATE TABLE abc(a, b, c);
   }
diff --git a/test/crash4.test b/test/crash4.test
index 839299b54..f68caecde 100644
--- a/test/crash4.test
+++ b/test/crash4.test
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ foreach cmd $sql_cmd_list {
 #
 for {set cnt 1; set fin 0} {!$fin} {incr cnt} {
   db close
-  file delete -force test.db test.db-journal
+  forcedelete test.db test.db-journal
   do_test crash4-1.$cnt.1 {
     set seed [expr {int(abs(rand()*10000))}]
     set delay [expr {int($cnt/50)+1}]
diff --git a/test/crash5.test b/test/crash5.test
index e8faa01b1..42248d719 100644
--- a/test/crash5.test
+++ b/test/crash5.test
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ for {set ii 0} {$ii < 10} {incr ii} {
     # Set up the database so that it is an auto-vacuum database 
     # containing a single table (root page 3) with a single row. 
     # The row has an overflow page (page 4).
-    file delete -force test.db test.db-journal
+    forcedelete test.db test.db-journal
     sqlite3 db test.db
     set c [string repeat 3 1500]
     db eval {
diff --git a/test/crash6.test b/test/crash6.test
index d5ee439f8..69c19464b 100644
--- a/test/crash6.test
+++ b/test/crash6.test
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ ifcapable !crashtest {
 
 for {set ii 0} {$ii < 10} {incr ii} {
   catch {db close}
-  file delete -force test.db test.db-journal
+  forcedelete test.db test.db-journal
   crashsql -delay 2 -file test.db {
     PRAGMA auto_vacuum=OFF;
     PRAGMA page_size=4096;
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ for {set ii 0} {$ii < 10} {incr ii} {
 
 for {set ii 0} {$ii < 10} {incr ii} {
   catch {db close}
-  file delete -force test.db test.db-journal
+  forcedelete test.db test.db-journal
   sqlite3 db test.db
   execsql {
     PRAGMA auto_vacuum=OFF;
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ proc signature {} {
 #
 for {set ii 0} {$ii < 30} {incr ii} {
   db close
-  file delete -force test.db
+  forcedelete test.db
   sqlite3 db test.db
 
   set pagesize [expr 1024 << ($ii % 4)]
diff --git a/test/crash7.test b/test/crash7.test
index fc0596a8a..4554a2ac5 100644
--- a/test/crash7.test
+++ b/test/crash7.test
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ proc signature {} {
 foreach f [list test.db test.db-journal] {
   for {set ii 1} {$ii < 64} {incr ii} {
     db close
-    file delete test.db
+    delete_file test.db
     sqlite3 db test.db
   
     set from_size [expr 1024 << ($ii&3)]
diff --git a/test/crash8.test b/test/crash8.test
index 6424a1abb..8bc258651 100644
--- a/test/crash8.test
+++ b/test/crash8.test
@@ -243,7 +243,7 @@ do_test crash8-3.11 {
 #
 ifcapable pragma {
   reset_db
-  file delete -force test2.db
+  forcedelete test2.db
 
   do_test crash8-4.1 {
     execsql {
@@ -336,14 +336,14 @@ ifcapable pragma {
   } {def}
 
   do_test crash8-4.10 {
-    file delete $zMasterJournal
+    delete_file $zMasterJournal
     execsql { SELECT b FROM main.ab WHERE a = 0 }
   } {jkl}
 }
 
 for {set i 1} {$i < 10} {incr i} {
   catch { db close }
-  file delete -force test.db test.db-journal
+  forcedelete test.db test.db-journal
   sqlite3 db test.db
   do_test crash8-5.$i.1 {
     execsql {
@@ -367,7 +367,7 @@ for {set i 1} {$i < 10} {incr i} {
   } {ok}
   
   catch { db close }
-  file delete -force test.db test.db-journal
+  forcedelete test.db test.db-journal
   sqlite3 db test.db
   do_test crash8-5.$i.2 {
     execsql {
@@ -383,9 +383,9 @@ for {set i 1} {$i < 10} {incr i} {
       BEGIN;
         UPDATE t1 SET x = randomblob(900);
     }
-    file delete -force testX.db testX.db-journal testX.db-wal
-    copy_file test.db testX.db
-    copy_file test.db-journal testX.db-journal
+    forcedelete testX.db testX.db-journal testX.db-wal
+    forcecopy test.db testX.db
+    forcecopy test.db-journal testX.db-journal
     db close
 
     crashsql -file test.db -delay [expr ($::i%2) + 1] {
diff --git a/test/createtab.test b/test/createtab.test
index 3f036b76d..01e0b6122 100644
--- a/test/createtab.test
+++ b/test/createtab.test
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ ifcapable autovacuum {
 #
 for {set av 0} {$av<=$upperBound} {incr av} {
   db close
-  file delete -force test.db test.db-journal
+  forcedelete test.db test.db-journal
   sqlite3 db test.db
 
   # Create a table that spans multiple pages.  It is important
diff --git a/test/dbstatus.test b/test/dbstatus.test
index 202f34a04..39522f485 100644
--- a/test/dbstatus.test
+++ b/test/dbstatus.test
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ foreach ::lookaside_buffer_size {0 64 120} {
   
     # Step 1.
     db close
-    file delete -force test.db
+    forcedelete test.db
     sqlite3 db test.db
     sqlite3_db_config_lookaside db 0 $::lookaside_buffer_size 500
     db cache size 0
@@ -287,7 +287,7 @@ foreach ::lookaside_buffer_size {0 64 120} {
 
     # Step 1.
     db close
-    file delete -force test.db
+    forcedelete test.db
     sqlite3 db test.db
     sqlite3_db_config_lookaside db 0 $::lookaside_buffer_size 500
     db cache size 1000
diff --git a/test/delete.test b/test/delete.test
index 61e979ef1..47d357811 100644
--- a/test/delete.test
+++ b/test/delete.test
@@ -275,7 +275,7 @@ do_test delete-8.0 {
   }
 } {123}
 db close
-catch {file delete -force test.db-journal}
+catch {forcedelete test.db-journal}
 catch {file attributes test.db -permissions 0444}
 catch {file attributes test.db -readonly 1}
 sqlite3 db test.db
@@ -312,12 +312,12 @@ do_test delete-8.6 {
 integrity_check delete-8.7
 
 # Need to do the following for tcl 8.5 on mac. On that configuration, the
-# -readonly flag is taken so seriously that a subsequent [file delete -force]
+# -readonly flag is taken so seriously that a subsequent [forcedelete]
 # (required before the next test file can be executed) will fail.
 #
 catch {file attributes test.db -readonly 0}
 db close
-file delete -force test.db test.db-journal
+forcedelete test.db test.db-journal
 
 # The following tests verify that SQLite correctly handles the case
 # where an index B-Tree is being scanned, the rowid column being read
diff --git a/test/descidx1.test b/test/descidx1.test
index 1154dc564..c7fab340a 100644
--- a/test/descidx1.test
+++ b/test/descidx1.test
@@ -297,14 +297,14 @@ do_test descidx1-5.9 {
 ifcapable legacyformat {
   do_test descidx1-6.1 {
     db close
-    file delete -force test.db test.db-journal
+    forcedelete test.db test.db-journal
     sqlite3 db test.db
     execsql {PRAGMA legacy_file_format}
   } {1}
 } else {
   do_test descidx1-6.1 {
     db close
-    file delete -force test.db test.db-journal
+    forcedelete test.db test.db-journal
     sqlite3 db test.db
     execsql {PRAGMA legacy_file_format}
   } {0}
@@ -328,7 +328,7 @@ ifcapable vacuum {
 }
 do_test descidx1-6.4 {
   db close
-  file delete -force test.db test.db-journal
+  forcedelete test.db test.db-journal
   sqlite3 db test.db
   execsql {PRAGMA legacy_file_format=NO}
   execsql {PRAGMA legacy_file_format}
diff --git a/test/diskfull.test b/test/diskfull.test
index a71db91e4..391dfb4fc 100644
--- a/test/diskfull.test
+++ b/test/diskfull.test
@@ -82,8 +82,8 @@ proc do_diskfull_test {prefix sql} {
 do_diskfull_test diskfull-2 VACUUM
 
 # db close
-# file delete -force test.db
-# file delete -force test.db-journal
+# forcedelete test.db
+# forcedelete test.db-journal
 # sqlite3 db test.db
 # 
 # do_test diskfull-3.1 {
diff --git a/test/e_expr.test b/test/e_expr.test
index b61b42da9..3c9678c3c 100644
--- a/test/e_expr.test
+++ b/test/e_expr.test
@@ -657,7 +657,7 @@ set sqlite_current_time 0
 
 # EVIDENCE-OF: R-57598-59332 -- syntax diagram expr
 #
-file delete -force test.db2
+forcedelete test.db2
 execsql {
   ATTACH 'test.db2' AS dbname;
   CREATE TABLE dbname.tblname(cname);
@@ -1675,7 +1675,7 @@ db3 close
 # Test statements related to the EXISTS and NOT EXISTS operators.
 #
 catch { db close }
-file delete -force test.db
+forcedelete test.db
 sqlite3 db test.db
 
 do_execsql_test e_expr-34.1 {
@@ -1756,7 +1756,7 @@ foreach {tn e1 e2} {
 #
 
 catch { db close }
-file delete -force test.db
+forcedelete test.db
 sqlite3 db test.db
 do_test e_expr-35.0 {
   execsql {
diff --git a/test/e_fts3.test b/test/e_fts3.test
index 3f7ed0e51..2a580ca31 100644
--- a/test/e_fts3.test
+++ b/test/e_fts3.test
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ foreach {DO_MALLOC_TEST enc} {
 # [foreach] loop is testing with OOM errors, disable the lookaside buffer.
 #
 db close
-file delete -force test.db test.db-journal
+forcedelete test.db test.db-journal
 sqlite3 db test.db
 if {$DO_MALLOC_TEST} { sqlite3_db_config_lookaside db 0 0 0 }
 db eval "PRAGMA encoding = '$enc'"
@@ -637,7 +637,7 @@ read_test 8.2.2 { PRAGMA table_info(t9c) } {0 c\"1 {} 0 {} 0 1 c'2 {} 0 {} 0}
 #
 foreach DO_MALLOC_TEST {0 1 2} {
   db close
-  file delete -force test.db test.db-journal
+  forcedelete test.db test.db-journal
   sqlite3 db test.db
   if {$DO_MALLOC_TEST} { sqlite3_db_config_lookaside db 0 0 0 }
 
diff --git a/test/enc2.test b/test/enc2.test
index ce25bf395..415bc0f72 100644
--- a/test/enc2.test
+++ b/test/enc2.test
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ set encodings [list UTF-8 UTF-16le UTF-16be]
 set sqlite_os_trace 0
 set i 1
 foreach enc $encodings {
-  file delete -force test.db
+  forcedelete test.db
   sqlite3 db test.db
   db eval "PRAGMA encoding = \"$enc\""
   execsql $dbcontents
@@ -172,13 +172,13 @@ foreach enc $encodings {
 # encoding to the main database.
 ifcapable attach {
   do_test enc2-4.1 {
-    file delete -force test.db
+    forcedelete test.db
     sqlite3 db test.db
     db eval "PRAGMA encoding = 'UTF-8'"
     db eval "CREATE TABLE abc(a, b, c);"
   } {}
   do_test enc2-4.2 {
-    file delete -force test2.db
+    forcedelete test2.db
     sqlite3 db2 test2.db
     db2 eval "PRAGMA encoding = 'UTF-16'"
     db2 eval "CREATE TABLE abc(a, b, c);"
@@ -206,7 +206,7 @@ proc test_collate {enc lhs rhs} {
   return $res
 }
 
-file delete -force test.db
+forcedelete test.db
 sqlite3 db test.db; set DB [sqlite3_connection_pointer db]
 do_test enc2-5.0 {
   execsql {
@@ -235,7 +235,7 @@ do_test enc2-5.3 {
 } {one two three four five UTF-16BE}
 
 db close
-file delete -force test.db
+forcedelete test.db
 sqlite3 db test.db; set DB [sqlite3_connection_pointer db]
 execsql {pragma encoding = 'UTF-16LE'}
 do_test enc2-5.4 {
@@ -265,7 +265,7 @@ do_test enc2-5.7 {
 } {one two three four five UTF-8}
 
 db close
-file delete -force test.db
+forcedelete test.db
 sqlite3 db test.db; set DB [sqlite3_connection_pointer db]
 execsql {pragma encoding = 'UTF-16BE'}
 do_test enc2-5.8 {
@@ -311,7 +311,7 @@ do_test enc2-5.14 {
 } test_collate
 
 db close
-file delete -force test.db
+forcedelete test.db
 
 do_test enc2-5.15 {
   sqlite3 db test.db; set ::DB [sqlite3_connection_pointer db]
@@ -333,7 +333,7 @@ proc test_function {enc arg} {
 }
 
 db close
-file delete -force test.db
+forcedelete test.db
 sqlite3 db test.db; set DB [sqlite3_connection_pointer db]
 execsql {pragma encoding = 'UTF-8'}
 do_test enc2-6.0 {
@@ -366,7 +366,7 @@ do_test enc2-6.3 {
 } {{UTF-16BE sqlite}}
 
 db close
-file delete -force test.db
+forcedelete test.db
 sqlite3 db test.db; set DB [sqlite3_connection_pointer db]
 execsql {pragma encoding = 'UTF-16LE'}
 do_test enc2-6.3 {
@@ -399,7 +399,7 @@ do_test enc2-6.6 {
 } {{UTF-16BE sqlite}}
 
 db close
-file delete -force test.db
+forcedelete test.db
 sqlite3 db test.db; set DB [sqlite3_connection_pointer db]
 execsql {pragma encoding = 'UTF-16BE'}
 do_test enc2-6.7 {
@@ -433,7 +433,7 @@ do_test enc2-6.10 {
 
 
 db close
-file delete -force test.db
+forcedelete test.db
 
 # The following tests - enc2-7.* - function as follows:
 #
@@ -493,7 +493,7 @@ ifcapable {complete} {
 
 # Test that the encoding of an empty database may still be set after the
 # (empty) schema has been initialized.
-file delete -force test.db
+forcedelete test.db
 do_test enc2-9.1 {
   sqlite3 db test.db
   execsql {
@@ -537,7 +537,7 @@ do_test enc2-9.5 {
 #
 do_test enc2-10.1 {
   db close
-  file delete -force test.db test.db-journal
+  forcedelete test.db test.db-journal
   sqlite3 db test.db
   db eval {
     PRAGMA encoding=UTF16;
diff --git a/test/enc3.test b/test/enc3.test
index 44b217934..1d8a25816 100644
--- a/test/enc3.test
+++ b/test/enc3.test
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ ifcapable {bloblit && utf16} {
 #
 ifcapable {utf16 && shared_cache} {
   db close
-  file delete -force test8.db test8.db-journal
+  forcedelete test8.db test8.db-journal
   set ::enable_shared_cache [sqlite3_enable_shared_cache 1]
   sqlite3 dbaux test8.db
   sqlite3 db test.db
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ ifcapable {utf16 && shared_cache} {
     } dbaux
   } {1 {attached databases must use the same text encoding as main database}}
   dbaux close
-  file delete -force test8.db test8.db-journal
+  forcedelete test8.db test8.db-journal
   sqlite3_enable_shared_cache $::enable_shared_cache
 }
 
diff --git a/test/enc4.test b/test/enc4.test
index 7de6e849f..94869b6fb 100644
--- a/test/enc4.test
+++ b/test/enc4.test
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ set vals [list\
 set i 1
 foreach enc $encodings {
 
-  file delete -force test.db
+  forcedelete test.db
   sqlite3 db test.db
   db eval "PRAGMA encoding = \"$enc\""
 
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ foreach enc $encodings {
   incr i
 }
 
-file delete -force test.db
+forcedelete test.db
 sqlite3 db test.db
 
 do_test enc4-4.1 {
diff --git a/test/exclusive.test b/test/exclusive.test
index db79d3030..ffde89153 100644
--- a/test/exclusive.test
+++ b/test/exclusive.test
@@ -22,12 +22,12 @@ ifcapable {!pager_pragmas} {
   return
 }
 
-file delete -force test2.db-journal
-file delete -force test2.db
-file delete -force test3.db-journal
-file delete -force test3.db
-file delete -force test4.db-journal
-file delete -force test4.db
+forcedelete test2.db-journal
+forcedelete test2.db
+forcedelete test3.db-journal
+forcedelete test3.db
+forcedelete test4.db-journal
+forcedelete test4.db
 
 #----------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Test cases exclusive-1.X test the PRAGMA logic.
@@ -481,8 +481,8 @@ do_execsql_test exclusive-6.1 {
 }
 do_test exclusive-6.2 {
   forcedelete test2.db test2.db-journal
-  file copy test.db test2.db
-  file copy test.db-journal test2.db-journal
+  copy_file test.db test2.db
+  copy_file test.db-journal test2.db-journal
   sqlite3 db test2.db
 } {}
 
diff --git a/test/exclusive2.test b/test/exclusive2.test
index 18f304dbb..2208da510 100644
--- a/test/exclusive2.test
+++ b/test/exclusive2.test
@@ -259,8 +259,8 @@ do_test exclusive2-2.8 {
 
 db close
 catch {close $::fd}
-file delete -force test.db
-file delete -force test.db-journal
+forcedelete test.db
+forcedelete test.db-journal
 
 do_test exclusive2-3.0 {
   sqlite3 db test.db
diff --git a/test/fallocate.test b/test/fallocate.test
index 05aa2a81e..8a5fa3236 100644
--- a/test/fallocate.test
+++ b/test/fallocate.test
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ ifcapable !wal { set skipwaltests 1 }
 
 if {!$skipwaltests} {
   db close
-  file delete -force test.db
+  forcedelete test.db
   sqlite3 db test.db
   file_control_chunksize_test db main [expr 32*1024]
   
diff --git a/test/filectrl.test b/test/filectrl.test
index 67e81830c..9f077d523 100644
--- a/test/filectrl.test
+++ b/test/filectrl.test
@@ -37,5 +37,5 @@ do_test filectrl-1.5 {
   file_control_lockproxy_test db [pwd]
 } {}
 db close
-file delete -force .test_control_lockproxy.db-conch test.proxy
+forcedelete .test_control_lockproxy.db-conch test.proxy
 finish_test
diff --git a/test/filefmt.test b/test/filefmt.test
index 72edbeebc..1165cd62d 100644
--- a/test/filefmt.test
+++ b/test/filefmt.test
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ source $testdir/tester.tcl
 do_not_use_codec
 
 db close
-file delete -force test.db test.db-journal
+forcedelete test.db test.db-journal
 
 # Database begins with valid 16-byte header string.
 #
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ ifcapable pager_pragmas {
           && $pagesize>$SQLITE_MAX_PAGE_SIZE} continue
      do_test filefmt-1.5.$pagesize.1 {
        db close
-       file delete -force test.db
+       forcedelete test.db
        sqlite3 db test.db
        db eval "PRAGMA auto_vacuum=OFF"
        db eval "PRAGMA page_size=$pagesize"
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ do_test filefmt-1.7 {
 ifcapable pager_pragmas {
   do_test filefmt-1.8 {
     db close
-    file delete -force test.db
+    forcedelete test.db
     sqlite3 db test.db
     db eval {PRAGMA page_size=512; CREATE TABLE t1(x)}
     db close
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ ifcapable pager_pragmas {
 # always derives this from the size of the file.
 #
 db close
-file delete -force test.db
+forcedelete test.db
 
 set a_string_counter 1
 proc a_string {n} {
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ integrity_check filefmt-2.1.5
 do_test         filefmt-2.1.6 { hexio_read test.db 28 4 } {00000010}
 
 db close
-file delete -force test.db
+forcedelete test.db
 sqlite3 db test.db
 db func a_string a_string
 
diff --git a/test/fts1j.test b/test/fts1j.test
index 5ff0d0ed2..4dac22abb 100644
--- a/test/fts1j.test
+++ b/test/fts1j.test
@@ -19,8 +19,8 @@ ifcapable !fts1 {
 }
 
 # Clean up anything left over from a previous pass.
-file delete -force test2.db
-file delete -force test2.db-journal
+forcedelete test2.db
+forcedelete test2.db-journal
 sqlite3 db2 test2.db
 
 db eval {
@@ -84,6 +84,6 @@ do_test fts1j-1.3 {
 catch {db eval {DETACH DATABASE two}}
 
 catch {db2 close}
-file delete -force test2.db
+forcedelete test2.db
 
 finish_test
diff --git a/test/fts1o.test b/test/fts1o.test
index 92666c6f5..61fd74ca0 100644
--- a/test/fts1o.test
+++ b/test/fts1o.test
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ do_test fts1o-3.6 {
 # Test that it is possible to rename an fts1 table in an attached 
 # database.
 #
-file delete -force test2.db test2.db-journal
+forcedelete test2.db test2.db-journal
 
 do_test fts1o-4.1 {
   execsql {
diff --git a/test/fts2j.test b/test/fts2j.test
index b8a89b205..a8a2c07c1 100644
--- a/test/fts2j.test
+++ b/test/fts2j.test
@@ -19,8 +19,8 @@ ifcapable !fts2 {
 }
 
 # Clean up anything left over from a previous pass.
-file delete -force test2.db
-file delete -force test2.db-journal
+forcedelete test2.db
+forcedelete test2.db-journal
 sqlite3 db2 test2.db
 
 db eval {
@@ -84,6 +84,6 @@ do_test fts2j-1.3 {
 catch {db eval {DETACH DATABASE two}}
 
 catch {db2 close}
-file delete -force test2.db
+forcedelete test2.db
 
 finish_test
diff --git a/test/fts2o.test b/test/fts2o.test
index 5a33c4551..63e71b958 100644
--- a/test/fts2o.test
+++ b/test/fts2o.test
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ do_test fts2o-2.12 {
 # be run on an initially empty db.
 #
 db close
-file delete -force test.db test.db-journal
+forcedelete test.db test.db-journal
 sqlite3 db test.db
 
 do_test fts2o-3.1 {
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ do_test fts2o-3.2 {
 # Test that it is possible to rename an fts2 table in an attached 
 # database.
 #
-file delete -force test2.db test2.db-journal
+forcedelete test2.db test2.db-journal
 
 do_test fts2o-3.1 {
   execsql {
diff --git a/test/fts3aj.test b/test/fts3aj.test
index 60d26c026..f3d46f2ad 100644
--- a/test/fts3aj.test
+++ b/test/fts3aj.test
@@ -19,8 +19,8 @@ ifcapable !fts3 {
 }
 
 # Clean up anything left over from a previous pass.
-file delete -force test2.db
-file delete -force test2.db-journal
+forcedelete test2.db
+forcedelete test2.db-journal
 sqlite3 db2 test2.db
 
 db eval {
@@ -84,6 +84,6 @@ do_test fts3aj-1.3 {
 catch {db eval {DETACH DATABASE two}}
 
 catch {db2 close}
-file delete -force test2.db
+forcedelete test2.db
 
 finish_test
diff --git a/test/fts3ao.test b/test/fts3ao.test
index cd9df01eb..0b6fcd3d1 100644
--- a/test/fts3ao.test
+++ b/test/fts3ao.test
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ do_test fts3ao-2.12 {
 # be run on an initially empty db.
 #
 db close
-file delete -force test.db test.db-journal
+forcedelete test.db test.db-journal
 sqlite3 db test.db
 
 do_test fts3ao-3.1 {
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ do_test fts3ao-3.2 {
 # Test that it is possible to rename an fts3 table in an attached 
 # database.
 #
-file delete -force test2.db test2.db-journal
+forcedelete test2.db test2.db-journal
 
 do_test fts3ao-3.1 {
   execsql {
diff --git a/test/fts3snippet.test b/test/fts3snippet.test
index 359a87c6f..b8646cdfa 100644
--- a/test/fts3snippet.test
+++ b/test/fts3snippet.test
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ foreach {DO_MALLOC_TEST enc} {
 } {
 
   db close
-  file delete -force test.db
+  forcedelete test.db
   sqlite3 db test.db
   sqlite3_db_config_lookaside db 0 0 0
   db eval "PRAGMA encoding = \"$enc\""
diff --git a/test/fts4aa.test b/test/fts4aa.test
index 1131df3be..c56933170 100644
--- a/test/fts4aa.test
+++ b/test/fts4aa.test
@@ -1686,7 +1686,7 @@ foreach {q r} [array get fts4aa_res] {
 #
 do_test fts4aa-3.0 {
   db close
-  file delete -force test.db
+  forcedelete test.db
   sqlite3 db test.db
   db eval {
     PRAGMA page_size=65536;
diff --git a/test/fuzz_malloc.test b/test/fuzz_malloc.test
index f2209aaba..1e31babd9 100644
--- a/test/fuzz_malloc.test
+++ b/test/fuzz_malloc.test
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ proc do_fuzzy_malloc_test {testname args} {
 
   sqlite3_memdebug_fail -1
   db close
-  file delete test.db test.db-journal
+  delete_file test.db test.db-journal
   sqlite3 db test.db
   set ::prep $::fuzzyopts(-sqlprep)
   execsql $::prep
diff --git a/test/hook.test b/test/hook.test
index c4dfb2e4f..a195275c9 100644
--- a/test/hook.test
+++ b/test/hook.test
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ do_test hook-3.9 {
 # Ticket #3564.
 #
 do_test hook-3.10 {
-  file delete -force test2.db test2.db-journal
+  forcedelete test2.db test2.db-journal
   sqlite3 db2 test2.db
   proc commit_hook {} {
     set y [db2 one {SELECT y FROM t3 WHERE y>10}]
@@ -217,7 +217,7 @@ ifcapable trigger {
 set ::update_hook {}
 ifcapable attach {
   do_test hook-4.2.3 {
-    file delete -force test2.db
+    forcedelete test2.db
     execsql {
       ATTACH 'test2.db' AS aux;
       CREATE TABLE aux.t3(a INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, b);
diff --git a/test/incrblob.test b/test/incrblob.test
index 9c9389eb4..388c4ba3a 100644
--- a/test/incrblob.test
+++ b/test/incrblob.test
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ foreach AutoVacuumMode [list 0 1] {
   }
 
   db close
-  file delete -force test.db test.db-journal
+  forcedelete test.db test.db-journal
 
   sqlite3 db test.db
   execsql "PRAGMA auto_vacuum = $AutoVacuumMode"
@@ -379,7 +379,7 @@ ifcapable vtab {
 #
 ifcapable attach {
   do_test incrblob-5.1 {
-    file delete -force test2.db test2.db-journal
+    forcedelete test2.db test2.db-journal
     set ::size [expr [file size [info script]]]
     execsql {
       ATTACH 'test2.db' AS aux;
@@ -584,7 +584,7 @@ set ::data [read $fd 14000]
 close $fd
 
 db close
-file delete -force test.db test.db-journal
+forcedelete test.db test.db-journal
 sqlite3 db test.db
 
 do_test incrblob-7.2.1 {
diff --git a/test/incrvacuum.test b/test/incrvacuum.test
index d037d8e7d..91f5c8e1e 100644
--- a/test/incrvacuum.test
+++ b/test/incrvacuum.test
@@ -331,7 +331,7 @@ proc compare_dbs {A B tname} {
 set ::str1 [string repeat abcdefghij 130]
 set ::str2 [string repeat 1234567890 105]
 
-file delete -force test1.db test1.db-journal test2.db test2.db-journal
+forcedelete test1.db test1.db-journal test2.db test2.db-journal
 sqlite3 db1 test1.db
 sqlite3 db2 test2.db
 execsql { PRAGMA auto_vacuum = 'none' } db1
@@ -475,7 +475,7 @@ do_test incrvacuum-8.1 {
 #
 do_test incrvacuum-9.1 {
   db close
-  file delete -force test.db test.db-journal
+  forcedelete test.db test.db-journal
   sqlite3 db test.db
 
   execsql {
@@ -593,7 +593,7 @@ do_test incrvacuum-10.8 {
 # vacuum mode.
 #
 db close
-file delete -force test.db test.db-journal
+forcedelete test.db test.db-journal
 sqlite3 db test.db
 
 ifcapable default_autovacuum {
@@ -651,7 +651,7 @@ do_test incrvacuum-11.7 {
 # auto_vacuum = XXX" statement is executed.
 #
 db close
-file delete -force test.db test.db-journal
+forcedelete test.db test.db-journal
 sqlite3 db test.db
 
 do_test incrvacuum-12.1 {
@@ -692,7 +692,7 @@ do_test incrvacuum-12.5 {
 #
 db2 close
 db close
-file delete -force test.db test.db-journal
+forcedelete test.db test.db-journal
 sqlite3 db test.db  ;  set ::DB [sqlite3_connection_pointer db]
 sqlite3 db2 test.db
 
@@ -743,7 +743,7 @@ if {[permutation] == ""} {
 do_test incrvacuum-15.1 {
   db close
   db2 close
-  file delete -force test.db
+  forcedelete test.db
   sqlite3 db test.db
 
   set str [string repeat "abcdefghij" 500]
diff --git a/test/incrvacuum2.test b/test/incrvacuum2.test
index 902517c94..e67a08629 100644
--- a/test/incrvacuum2.test
+++ b/test/incrvacuum2.test
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ do_test incrvacuum2-1.4 {
 #
 ifcapable attach {
   do_test incrvacuum2-2.1 {
-    file delete -force test2.db test2.db-journal
+    forcedelete test2.db test2.db-journal
     execsql {
       ATTACH DATABASE 'test2.db' AS aux;
       PRAGMA aux.auto_vacuum=incremental;
diff --git a/test/incrvacuum_ioerr.test b/test/incrvacuum_ioerr.test
index 47027b823..946925d7d 100644
--- a/test/incrvacuum_ioerr.test
+++ b/test/incrvacuum_ioerr.test
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ do_ioerr_test incrvacuum-ioerr-3 -start 1 -cksum 1 -tclprep {
 ifcapable shared_cache {
 
   catch { db close }
-  file delete -force test.db
+  forcedelete test.db
   set ::enable_shared_cache [sqlite3_enable_shared_cache 1]
   
   # Create two connections to a single shared-cache:
diff --git a/test/insert5.test b/test/insert5.test
index e48c2c32d..1e58902e0 100644
--- a/test/insert5.test
+++ b/test/insert5.test
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ proc uses_temp_table {sql} {
 # Construct the sample database.
 #
 do_test insert5-1.0 {
-  file delete -force test2.db test2.db-journal
+  forcedelete test2.db test2.db-journal
   execsql {
     CREATE TABLE MAIN(Id INTEGER, Id1 INTEGER); 
     CREATE TABLE B(Id INTEGER, Id1 INTEGER); 
diff --git a/test/io.test b/test/io.test
index 0cc26eff4..58caeeebb 100644
--- a/test/io.test
+++ b/test/io.test
@@ -225,7 +225,7 @@ do_test io-2.6.2 {
   }
 } {1 {unable to open database file}}
 do_test io-2.6.3 {
-  file delete -force test.db-journal
+  forcedelete test.db-journal
   catchsql { COMMIT }
 } {0 {}}
 do_test io-2.6.4 {
@@ -237,7 +237,7 @@ do_test io-2.6.4 {
 # is created during execution of the COMMIT statement, so we have to
 # use the same technique to check that it is created as in the above 
 # block.
-file delete -force test2.db test2.db-journal
+forcedelete test2.db test2.db-journal
 ifcapable attach {
   do_test io-2.7.1 {
     execsql {
@@ -261,7 +261,7 @@ ifcapable attach {
     catchsql { COMMIT }
   } {1 {unable to open database file}}
   do_test io-2.7.5 {
-    file delete -force test2.db-journal
+    forcedelete test2.db-journal
     catchsql { COMMIT }
   } {1 {cannot commit - no transaction is active}}
   do_test io-2.7.6 {
@@ -304,7 +304,7 @@ do_test io-2.9.1 {
 do_test io-2.9.2 {
   execsql { ROLLBACK; }
   db close
-  file delete -force test.db test.db-journal
+  forcedelete test.db test.db-journal
   sqlite3 db test.db -vfs devsym
   execsql {
     PRAGMA auto_vacuum = OFF;
@@ -375,7 +375,7 @@ sqlite3_simulate_device -char sequential -sectorsize 0
 ifcapable pager_pragmas {
   do_test io-3.1 {
     db close
-    file delete -force test.db test.db-journal
+    forcedelete test.db test.db-journal
     sqlite3 db test.db -vfs devsym
     db eval {
       PRAGMA auto_vacuum=OFF;
@@ -544,7 +544,7 @@ foreach {char                 sectorsize pgsize} {
   incr tn
   if {$pgsize>$::SQLITE_MAX_PAGE_SIZE} continue
   db close
-  file delete -force test.db test.db-journal
+  forcedelete test.db test.db-journal
   sqlite3_simulate_device -char $char -sectorsize $sectorsize
   sqlite3 db test.db -vfs devsym
   db eval {
diff --git a/test/ioerr.test b/test/ioerr.test
index f9b95555c..b237439ea 100644
--- a/test/ioerr.test
+++ b/test/ioerr.test
@@ -183,8 +183,8 @@ if {$tcl_platform(platform)!="windows"} {
       BEGIN;
       INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(3, 4);
     }
-    copy_file test2.db test.db
-    copy_file test2.db-journal test.db-journal
+    forcecopy test2.db test.db
+    forcecopy test2.db-journal test.db-journal
     db2 close
   } -tclbody {
     sqlite3 db test.db
@@ -219,11 +219,11 @@ if {$tcl_platform(platform)=="unix"} {
       BEGIN;
       INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(randstr(200,200), randstr(1000,1000), 2);
     }
-    copy_file test.db-journal test2.db-journal
+    forcecopy test.db-journal test2.db-journal
     execsql {
       COMMIT;
     }
-    copy_file test2.db-journal test.db-journal
+    forcecopy test2.db-journal test.db-journal
     set f [open test.db-journal a]
     fconfigure $f -encoding binary
     puts -nonewline $f "hello"
diff --git a/test/ioerr4.test b/test/ioerr4.test
index 3a74a88ae..defa32686 100644
--- a/test/ioerr4.test
+++ b/test/ioerr4.test
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ do_test ioerr4-1.1 {
   set ::enable_shared_cache [sqlite3_enable_shared_cache 1]
 } {0}
 do_test ioerr4-1.2 {
-  file delete -force test.db test.db-journal
+  forcedelete test.db test.db-journal
   sqlite3 db test.db
   sqlite3 db2 test.db
   db eval {
@@ -79,12 +79,12 @@ do_test ioerr4-1.6 {
 #
 db close
 db2 close
-file copy -force test.db test.db-bu
+forcecopy test.db test.db-bu
 do_ioerr_test ioerr4-2 -tclprep {
   catch {db2 close}
   db close
-  file delete -force test.db test.db-journal
-  file copy -force test.db-bu test.db
+  forcedelete test.db test.db-journal
+  forcecopy test.db-bu test.db
   sqlite3_enable_shared_cache 1
   set ::DB [sqlite3 db test.db; sqlite3_connection_pointer db]
   db eval {PRAGMA auto_vacuum=INCREMENTAL}
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ do_ioerr_test ioerr4-2 -tclprep {
 }
 
 db2 close
-file delete -force test.db-bu
+forcedelete test.db-bu
 sqlite3_enable_shared_cache $::enable_shared_cache
 
 finish_test
diff --git a/test/journal1.test b/test/journal1.test
index a1b17b412..2fdadfd68 100644
--- a/test/journal1.test
+++ b/test/journal1.test
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
 source $testdir/tester.tcl
 
 # These tests will not work on windows because windows uses
-# manditory file locking which breaks the file copy command.
+# manditory file locking which breaks the copy_file command.
 #
 if {$tcl_platform(platform)=="windows"} {
   finish_test
@@ -51,13 +51,13 @@ do_test journal1-1.2 {
     BEGIN;
     DELETE FROM t1;
   }
-  file copy -force test.db-journal test.db-journal-bu
+  forcecopy test.db-journal test.db-journal-bu
   execsql {
     ROLLBACK;
   }
   db close
-  file delete test.db
-  file copy test.db-journal-bu test.db-journal
+  delete_file test.db
+  copy_file test.db-journal-bu test.db-journal
   sqlite3 db test.db
   catchsql {
     SELECT * FROM sqlite_master
diff --git a/test/journal2.test b/test/journal2.test
index 2b5d8fa89..25ce94169 100644
--- a/test/journal2.test
+++ b/test/journal2.test
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ do_test journal2-1.13 {
 } {1 {disk I/O error}}
 db2 close
 unset ::tvfs_error_on_write
-file copy -force test.db testX.db
+forcecopy test.db testX.db
 
 do_test journal2-1.14 { file exists test.db-journal } 1
 do_test journal2-1.15 {
diff --git a/test/journal3.test b/test/journal3.test
index 7d2972220..f1bf89f8c 100644
--- a/test/journal3.test
+++ b/test/journal3.test
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ if {$::tcl_platform(platform) == "unix"} {
     db close
     set effective [format %.5o [expr $permissions & ~$umask]]
     do_test journal3-1.2.$tn.1 {
-      catch { file delete -force test.db-journal }
+      catch { forcedelete test.db-journal }
       file attributes test.db -permissions $permissions
       file attributes test.db -permissions
     } $permissions
diff --git a/test/jrnlmode.test b/test/jrnlmode.test
index eab74d65a..b1007c490 100644
--- a/test/jrnlmode.test
+++ b/test/jrnlmode.test
@@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ ifcapable attach {
 }
 
 ifcapable attach {
-  file delete -force test2.db
+  forcedelete test2.db
   do_test jrnlmode-2.1 {
     execsql {
       ATTACH 'test2.db' AS aux;
@@ -242,8 +242,8 @@ ifcapable attach {
 # Test caes jrnlmode-3.X verify that ticket #3127 has been fixed.
 #
   db close
-  file delete -force test2.db
-  file delete -force test.db
+  forcedelete test2.db
+  forcedelete test.db
   sqlite3 db test.db
 
   do_test jrnlmode-3.1 {
@@ -270,7 +270,7 @@ ifcapable attach {
 
 ifcapable autovacuum&&pragma {
   db close
-  file delete -force test.db
+  forcedelete test.db
   sqlite3 db test.db
   do_test jrnlmode-4.1 {
     execsql {
@@ -303,7 +303,7 @@ ifcapable autovacuum&&pragma {
 # pragma.
 ifcapable pragma {
   db close
-  file delete -force test.db test2.db test3.db
+  forcedelete test.db test2.db test3.db
   sqlite3 db test.db
 
   do_test jrnlmode-5.1 {
@@ -511,7 +511,7 @@ ifcapable pragma {
 ifcapable pragma {
   catch { db close }
   do_test jrnlmode-7.1 {
-    foreach f [glob -nocomplain test.db*] { file delete -force $f }
+    foreach f [glob -nocomplain test.db*] { forcedelete $f }
     sqlite3 db test.db
     execsql {
       PRAGMA journal_mode = memory;
diff --git a/test/jrnlmode2.test b/test/jrnlmode2.test
index dc3bc270b..6ea87d704 100644
--- a/test/jrnlmode2.test
+++ b/test/jrnlmode2.test
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ do_test jrnlmode2-2.4 {
 
 do_test jrnlmode2-2.5 {
   db close
-  file delete test.db-journal
+  delete_file test.db-journal
 } {}
 do_test jrnlmode2-2.6 {
   sqlite3 db2 test.db -readonly 1
diff --git a/test/jrnlmode3.test b/test/jrnlmode3.test
index 6ae1346e3..43da6579a 100644
--- a/test/jrnlmode3.test
+++ b/test/jrnlmode3.test
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ do_test jrnlmode3-1.2 {
 } {1}
 
 db close
-file delete -force test.db test.db-journal
+forcedelete test.db test.db-journal
 sqlite3 db test.db
 
 do_test jrnlmode3-2.1 {
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ foreach fromjmode $all_journal_modes {
     # Start with a fresh database connection an empty database file.
     #
     db close
-    file delete -force test.db test.db-journal
+    forcedelete test.db test.db-journal
     sqlite3 db test.db
 
     # Initialize the journal mode.
diff --git a/test/loadext.test b/test/loadext.test
index db5745b45..8f8339ecb 100644
--- a/test/loadext.test
+++ b/test/loadext.test
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ sqlite3_enable_load_extension db 1
 # Try to load an extension for which the file does not exist.
 #
 do_test loadext-2.1 {
-  file delete -force ${testextension}xx
+  forcedelete ${testextension}xx
   set rc [catch {
     sqlite3_load_extension db "${testextension}xx"
   } msg]
diff --git a/test/lock4.test b/test/lock4.test
index 06ee88dff..b0b1c74fb 100644
--- a/test/lock4.test
+++ b/test/lock4.test
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ do_test lock4-1.1 {
      PRAGMA auto_vacuum=OFF;
      CREATE TABLE t1(x);
   }
-  file delete -force test2.db test2.db-journal
+  forcedelete test2.db test2.db-journal
   sqlite3 db2 test2.db
   db2 eval {
      PRAGMA auto_vacuum=OFF;
diff --git a/test/lock5.test b/test/lock5.test
index 6ec86ba7e..f0d495508 100644
--- a/test/lock5.test
+++ b/test/lock5.test
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ if {[catch {sqlite3 db test.db -vfs unix-none} msg]} {
   return
 }
 db close
-file delete -force test.db.lock
+forcedelete test.db.lock
 
 ifcapable lock_proxy_pragmas {
   set ::using_proxy 0
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ do_test lock5-dotfile.X {
 
 #####################################################################
 
-file delete -force test.db
+forcedelete test.db
 if {[catch {sqlite3 db test.db -vfs unix-flock} msg]} {
   finish_test
   return
diff --git a/test/main.test b/test/main.test
index dbf904106..5bbc52b84 100644
--- a/test/main.test
+++ b/test/main.test
@@ -301,7 +301,7 @@ ifcapable {trigger} {
 if {[permutation] == ""} {
   do_test main-2.0 {
     catch {db close}
-    file delete -force test.db
+    forcedelete test.db
     set fd [open test.db w]
     puts $fd hi!
     close $fd
@@ -314,16 +314,16 @@ if {[permutation] == ""} {
 #
 do_test main-3.1 {
   catch {db close}
-  foreach f [glob -nocomplain testdb/*] {file delete -force $f}
-  file delete -force testdb
+  foreach f [glob -nocomplain testdb/*] {forcedelete $f}
+  forcedelete testdb
   sqlite3 db testdb
   set v [catch {execsql {SELECT * from T1 where x!!5}} msg]
   lappend v $msg
 } {1 {unrecognized token: "!!"}}
 do_test main-3.2 {
   catch {db close}
-  foreach f [glob -nocomplain testdb/*] {file delete -force $f}
-  file delete -force testdb
+  foreach f [glob -nocomplain testdb/*] {forcedelete $f}
+  forcedelete testdb
   sqlite3 db testdb
   set v [catch {execsql {SELECT * from T1 where ^x}} msg]
   lappend v $msg
@@ -442,8 +442,8 @@ do_test main-3.2.30 {
 
 do_test main-3.3 {
   catch {db close}
-  foreach f [glob -nocomplain testdb/*] {file delete -force $f}
-  file delete -force testdb
+  foreach f [glob -nocomplain testdb/*] {forcedelete $f}
+  forcedelete testdb
   sqlite3 db testdb
   execsql {
     create table T1(X REAL);  /* C-style comments allowed */
diff --git a/test/malloc.test b/test/malloc.test
index 9bd5314bf..1041ce842 100644
--- a/test/malloc.test
+++ b/test/malloc.test
@@ -270,7 +270,7 @@ do_malloc_test 9 -sqlprep {
 do_malloc_test 10 -tclprep {
   catch {db2 close}
   db close
-  file delete -force test.db test.db-journal
+  forcedelete test.db test.db-journal
   sqlite3 db test.db
   sqlite3_extended_result_codes db 1
   db eval {CREATE TABLE abc(a, b, c)}
@@ -341,8 +341,8 @@ if {$tcl_platform(platform)!="windows"} {
       BEGIN;
       INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(3, 4);
     }
-    copy_file test2.db test.db
-    copy_file test2.db-journal test.db-journal
+    forcecopy test2.db test.db
+    forcecopy test2.db-journal test.db-journal
     db2 close
   } -tclbody {
     sqlite3 db test.db
@@ -499,7 +499,7 @@ unset static_string
 ifcapable attach {
   do_malloc_test 20 -tclprep {
     db close
-    file delete -force test2.db test2.db-journal
+    forcedelete test2.db test2.db-journal
     sqlite3 db test2.db
     sqlite3_extended_result_codes db 1
     db eval {CREATE TABLE t1(x);}
diff --git a/test/malloc3.test b/test/malloc3.test
index 73d2d3964..2dfde466a 100644
--- a/test/malloc3.test
+++ b/test/malloc3.test
@@ -463,7 +463,7 @@ TEST 29 {
 
 # Test a simple multi-file transaction 
 #
-file delete -force test2.db
+forcedelete test2.db
 ifcapable attach {
   SQL {ATTACH 'test2.db' AS aux;}
   SQL {BEGIN}
@@ -650,7 +650,7 @@ run_test $::run_test_script 1
 
 # Close and reopen the db.
 db close
-file delete -force test.db test.db-journal test2.db test2.db-journal
+forcedelete test.db test.db-journal test2.db test2.db-journal
 sqlite3 db test.db
 sqlite3_extended_result_codes db 1
 set ::DB [sqlite3_connection_pointer db]
diff --git a/test/malloc5.test b/test/malloc5.test
index 73885b22c..3fe65c8a9 100644
--- a/test/malloc5.test
+++ b/test/malloc5.test
@@ -275,7 +275,7 @@ proc nPage {db} {
   set stats(page)
 }
 db close
-file delete -force test.db test.db-journal test2.db test2.db-journal
+forcedelete test.db test.db-journal test2.db test2.db-journal
 
 # This block of test-cases (malloc5-6.1.*) prepares two database files
 # for the subsequent tests.
@@ -304,7 +304,7 @@ do_test malloc5-6.1.1 {
         SELECT randstr(50,50), randstr(75,75), randstr(100,100) FROM abc;
     COMMIT;
   } 
-  copy_file test.db test2.db
+  forcecopy test.db test2.db
   sqlite3 db2 test2.db
   list \
     [expr ([file size test.db]/1024)>20] [expr ([file size test2.db]/1024)>20]
diff --git a/test/mallocA.test b/test/mallocA.test
index 08f693021..89951276f 100644
--- a/test/mallocA.test
+++ b/test/mallocA.test
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ if {!$MEMDEBUG} {
 
 # Construct a test database
 #
-file delete -force test.db.bu
+forcedelete test.db.bu
 db eval {
   CREATE TABLE t1(a COLLATE NOCASE,b,c);
   INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1,2,3);
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ db eval {
   CREATE TABLE t2(x,y,z);
 }
 db close
-file copy test.db test.db.bu
+copy_file test.db test.db.bu
 
 
 do_malloc_test mallocA-1 -testdb test.db.bu -sqlbody {
@@ -74,5 +74,5 @@ do_test malloc-99.X {
   set sqlite_open_file_count
 } {0}
 
-file delete -force test.db.bu
+forcedelete test.db.bu
 finish_test
diff --git a/test/malloc_common.tcl b/test/malloc_common.tcl
index e7f615648..7a135aead 100644
--- a/test/malloc_common.tcl
+++ b/test/malloc_common.tcl
@@ -408,7 +408,7 @@ proc do_malloc_test {tn args} {
       set zRepeat "transient"
       if {$::iRepeat} {set zRepeat "persistent"}
       restore_prng_state
-      foreach file [glob -nocomplain test.db-mj*] {file delete -force $file}
+      foreach file [glob -nocomplain test.db-mj*] {forcedelete $file}
 
       do_test ${tn}.${zRepeat}.${::n} {
   
diff --git a/test/manydb.test b/test/manydb.test
index b9a8eaf8d..974a5b8eb 100644
--- a/test/manydb.test
+++ b/test/manydb.test
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ foreach fd $filehandles {
   close $fd
 }
 catch {
-  file delete -force testfile.1
+  forcedelete testfile.1
 }
 set N [expr $i / $num_fd_per_openwrite_db]
 
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ for {set i 0} {$i<$N} {incr i} {
 for {set i 0} {$i<$N} {incr i} {
   do_test manydb-3.$i {
     db$i close
-    file delete -force $dbname($i)
+    forcedelete $dbname($i)
   } {}
 }
 
diff --git a/test/memsubsys1.test b/test/memsubsys1.test
index 3bb2cc71d..7eecf083a 100644
--- a/test/memsubsys1.test
+++ b/test/memsubsys1.test
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ if {[permutation] == "memsubsys1"} {
 #
 proc build_test_db {testname pragmas} {
   catch {db close}
-  file delete -force test.db test.db-journal
+  forcedelete test.db test.db-journal
   sqlite3 db test.db
   sqlite3_db_config_lookaside db 0 0 0
   db eval $pragmas
diff --git a/test/memsubsys2.test b/test/memsubsys2.test
index ec554775d..a40f4e4f0 100644
--- a/test/memsubsys2.test
+++ b/test/memsubsys2.test
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ sqlite3_reset_auto_extension
 #
 proc build_test_db {testname pragmas} {
   catch {db close}
-  file delete -force test.db test.db-journal
+  forcedelete test.db test.db-journal
   sqlite3 db test.db
   db eval $pragmas
   db eval {
diff --git a/test/misc1.test b/test/misc1.test
index a78e4884e..e3f1b9555 100644
--- a/test/misc1.test
+++ b/test/misc1.test
@@ -491,7 +491,7 @@ do_test misc1-14.2b {
 } {1}
 do_test misc1-14.3 {
   cd ..
-  file delete -force tempdir
+  forcedelete tempdir
   execsql {COMMIT}
   file exists ./test.db-journal
 } {0}
diff --git a/test/misc2.test b/test/misc2.test
index f6fc3833f..bb544c5fb 100644
--- a/test/misc2.test
+++ b/test/misc2.test
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ do_test misc2-6.1 {
 ifcapable tclvar {
   do_test misc2-7.1 {
     db close
-    file delete -force test.db
+    forcedelete test.db
     sqlite3 db test.db
     execsql {
       CREATE TABLE t1(x);
@@ -265,7 +265,7 @@ ifcapable tclvar {
   #
   do_test misc2-7.11 {
     db close
-    file delete -force test.db
+    forcedelete test.db
     sqlite3 db test.db
     execsql {
       CREATE TABLE t1(x);
@@ -361,7 +361,7 @@ ifcapable tclvar {
 }
 
 db close
-file delete -force test.db
+forcedelete test.db
 sqlite3 db test.db
 catchsql { pragma recursive_triggers = off } 
 
diff --git a/test/misc5.test b/test/misc5.test
index b3832f18a..14ba44ead 100644
--- a/test/misc5.test
+++ b/test/misc5.test
@@ -514,7 +514,7 @@ ifcapable subquery {
 if {[permutation] == ""} {
   do_test misc5-4.1 {
     db close
-    file delete -force test.db
+    forcedelete test.db
     set fd [open test.db w]
     puts $fd "This is not really a database"
     close $fd
@@ -544,7 +544,7 @@ do_test misc5-5.4 {
 # a UNION ALL query causes an error, not a crash.
 #
 db close
-file delete -force test.db
+forcedelete test.db
 sqlite3 db test.db
 ifcapable subquery&&compound {
   do_test misc5-6.1 {
diff --git a/test/misc7.test b/test/misc7.test
index 7d2ba6e85..9dee32787 100644
--- a/test/misc7.test
+++ b/test/misc7.test
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ do_test misc7-3 {
 # Try to open a directory:
 #
 do_test misc7-4 {
-  file delete mydir
+  delete_file mydir
   file mkdir mydir
   set rc [catch {
     sqlite3 db2 ./mydir
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ do_test misc7-4 {
 # Try to open a file with a directory where its journal file should be.
 #
 do_test misc7-5 {
-  file delete mydir
+  delete_file mydir
   file mkdir mydir-journal
   sqlite3 db2 ./mydir
   catchsql {
@@ -152,8 +152,8 @@ db2 close
 # after the omit_readlock pragma has been exercised.
 #
 do_test misc7-7.1 {
-  file delete -force test2.db
-  file delete -force test2.db-journal
+  forcedelete test2.db
+  forcedelete test2.db-journal
   execsql {
     PRAGMA omit_readlock = 1;
     ATTACH 'test2.db' AS aux;
@@ -254,8 +254,8 @@ ifcapable vtab {
 }
 
 db close
-file delete -force test.db
-file delete -force test.db-journal
+forcedelete test.db
+forcedelete test.db-journal
 sqlite3 db test.db
 
 ifcapable explain {
@@ -278,8 +278,8 @@ ifcapable explain {
 }
 
 db close
-file delete -force test.db
-file delete -force test.db-journal
+forcedelete test.db
+forcedelete test.db-journal
 sqlite3 db test.db
 
 #--------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -323,8 +323,8 @@ do_test misc7-15.2 {
 } {}
 
 db close
-file delete -force test.db
-file delete -force test.db-journal
+forcedelete test.db
+forcedelete test.db-journal
 sqlite3 db test.db
 
 do_ioerr_test misc7-16 -sqlprep {
@@ -385,15 +385,15 @@ if {$tcl_platform(platform)!="windows" && $tcl_platform(platform)!="os2"} {
         BEGIN;
         DELETE FROM t3 WHERE (oid%3)==0;
       }
-      copy_file test.db bak.db
-      copy_file test.db-journal bak.db-journal
+      forcecopy test.db bak.db
+      forcecopy test.db-journal bak.db-journal
       execsql {
         COMMIT;
       }
     
       db close
-      copy_file bak.db test.db
-      copy_file bak.db-journal test.db-journal
+      forcecopy bak.db test.db
+      forcecopy bak.db-journal test.db-journal
       sqlite3 db test.db
     
       catch {file attributes test.db-journal -permissions r--------}
@@ -484,6 +484,6 @@ do_test misc7-21.1 {
 
 
 db close
-file delete -force test.db
+forcedelete test.db
 
 finish_test
diff --git a/test/misuse.test b/test/misuse.test
index 3734aa01c..71ee0118c 100644
--- a/test/misuse.test
+++ b/test/misuse.test
@@ -39,8 +39,8 @@ proc catchsql2 {sql} {
 #
 do_test misuse-1.1 {
   db close
-  catch {file delete -force test2.db}
-  catch {file delete -force test2.db-journal}
+  catch {forcedelete test2.db}
+  catch {forcedelete test2.db-journal}
   sqlite3 db test2.db; set ::DB [sqlite3_connection_pointer db]
   execsql {
     CREATE TABLE t1(a,b);
diff --git a/test/multiplex.test b/test/multiplex.test
index 28ce1c77e..3abdcf450 100644
--- a/test/multiplex.test
+++ b/test/multiplex.test
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ do_test multiplex-1.13.7  { sqlite3_multiplex_shutdown }
 sqlite3_multiplex_initialize "" 1
 multiplex_set db main 32768 16
 
-file delete -force test.x
+forcedelete test.x
 do_test multiplex-2.1.2 {
   sqlite3 db test.x
   execsql {
@@ -514,7 +514,7 @@ do_test multiplex-5.4.1 {
   file mkdir test.db
   list [catch { sqlite3 db test.db } msg] $msg
 } {1 {unable to open database file}}
-catch { file delete test.db }
+catch { delete_file test.db }
 
 do_faultsim_test multiplex-5.5 -prep {
   catch { sqlite3_multiplex_shutdown }
diff --git a/test/notify1.test b/test/notify1.test
index 1cfb36fe4..be6a12258 100644
--- a/test/notify1.test
+++ b/test/notify1.test
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ do_test notify1-2.2.5 {
 do_test notify1-2.3.1 {
   db close
   db2 close
-  file delete -force test.db test2.db test3.db
+  forcedelete test.db test2.db test3.db
   foreach con {db db2 db3} {
     sqlite3 $con test.db
     $con eval { ATTACH 'test2.db' AS aux2 }
@@ -294,7 +294,7 @@ do_malloc_test notify1-5 -tclprep {
 #
 db close
 do_test notify1-6.1.1 {
-  file delete -force test.db test2.db
+  forcedelete test.db test2.db
   foreach conn {db db2 db3} {
     sqlite3 $conn test.db
     execsql { ATTACH 'test2.db' AS two } $conn
diff --git a/test/notify2.test b/test/notify2.test
index bfb9af813..4016b6db1 100644
--- a/test/notify2.test
+++ b/test/notify2.test
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ foreach {iTest xStep xPrepare} {
   1 sqlite3_blocking_step sqlite3_blocking_prepare_v2
   2 sqlite3_step          sqlite3_nonblocking_prepare_v2
 } {
-  file delete -force test.db test2.db test3.db
+  forcedelete test.db test2.db test3.db
 
   set ThreadSetup "set xStep $xStep;set xPrepare $xPrepare;set nSecond $nSecond"
 
diff --git a/test/notify3.test b/test/notify3.test
index 0d06ce19c..446f01078 100644
--- a/test/notify3.test
+++ b/test/notify3.test
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ ifcapable !unlock_notify||!shared_cache {
 set esc [sqlite3_enable_shared_cache 1]
 
 sqlite3 db  test.db
-file delete -force test.db2 test.db2-journal test.db2-wal
+forcedelete test.db2 test.db2-journal test.db2-wal
 sqlite3 db2 test.db2
 
 do_test notify3-1.1 {
diff --git a/test/openv2.test b/test/openv2.test
index 843f89194..2a9e22d6b 100644
--- a/test/openv2.test
+++ b/test/openv2.test
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
 source $testdir/tester.tcl
 
 db close
-file delete -force test.db test.db-journal
+forcedelete test.db test.db-journal
 do_test openv2-1.1 {
   set rc [catch {sqlite3 db test.db -create 0} msg]
   lappend rc $msg
diff --git a/test/pager1.test b/test/pager1.test
index 136ca05f4..7fccc5f0c 100644
--- a/test/pager1.test
+++ b/test/pager1.test
@@ -452,7 +452,7 @@ do_test pager1.4.2.2 {
 } {4 ok}
 do_test pager1.4.2.3 {
   faultsim_restore_and_reopen
-  foreach f [glob test.db-mj*] { file delete -force $f }
+  foreach f [glob test.db-mj*] { forcedelete $f }
   execsql {
     SELECT count(*) FROM t1;
     PRAGMA integrity_check;
@@ -469,7 +469,7 @@ do_test pager1.4.2.4 {
 do_test pager1.4.2.5 {
   faultsim_restore_and_reopen
   hexio_write test.db-journal [expr [file size test.db-journal]-20] 123456
-  foreach f [glob test.db-mj*] { file delete -force $f }
+  foreach f [glob test.db-mj*] { forcedelete $f }
   execsql {
     SELECT count(*) FROM t1;
     PRAGMA integrity_check;
@@ -649,7 +649,7 @@ foreach {tn1 tcl} {
     #
     do_test pager1-4.4.$tn.7 {
       faultsim_restore_and_reopen $prefix
-      foreach f [glob ${prefix}-mj*] { file delete -force $f }
+      foreach f [glob ${prefix}-mj*] { forcedelete $f }
       execsql "ATTACH '${prefix}2' AS aux"
     } {}
     do_execsql_test pager1-4.4.$tn.8 {
@@ -664,7 +664,7 @@ foreach {tn1 tcl} {
 }
 db close
 tv delete
-file delete -force $dirname
+forcedelete $dirname
 
 
 # Set up a VFS to make a copy of the file-system just before deleting a
@@ -882,7 +882,7 @@ do_test pager1.4.7.3 {
   db close
   catch {file attributes test.db-journal -permissions rw-rw-rw-}
   catch {file attributes test.db-journal -readonly 0}
-  file delete test.db-journal
+  delete_file test.db-journal
   file exists test.db-journal
 } {0}
 
@@ -2368,8 +2368,8 @@ do_test pager1-29.2 {
 #
 do_test pager1-30.1 {
   db close
-  file delete test.db
-  file delete test.db-journal
+  delete_file test.db
+  delete_file test.db-journal
   set fd [open test.db-journal w]
   seek $fd [expr 512+1032*2]
   puts -nonewline $fd x
@@ -2409,8 +2409,8 @@ do_test pager1-31.1 {
     BEGIN;
       UPDATE t1 SET y = randomblob(1499);
   }
-  file copy test.db test.db2
-  file copy test.db-journal test.db2-journal
+  copy_file test.db test.db2
+  copy_file test.db-journal test.db2-journal
   
   hexio_write test.db2-journal 24 00000000
   sqlite3 db2 test.db2
diff --git a/test/pagerfault.test b/test/pagerfault.test
index ced6da3b3..e04e97e4f 100644
--- a/test/pagerfault.test
+++ b/test/pagerfault.test
@@ -233,7 +233,7 @@ do_faultsim_test pagerfault-5.2 -prep {
 do_faultsim_test pagerfault-5.3 -faults oom-transient -prep {
   faultsim_restore_and_reopen
   db func a_string a_string
-  file delete -force test2.db test2.db-journal test2.db-wal
+  forcedelete test2.db test2.db-journal test2.db-wal
   execsql { 
     PRAGMA journal_mode = PERSIST;
     ATTACH 'test2.db' AS aux;
@@ -641,7 +641,7 @@ do_test pagerfault-13-pre1 {
     COMMIT;
   }
   db close
-  file delete -force test.db
+  forcedelete test.db
   faultsim_save
 } {}
 do_faultsim_test pagerfault-13 -prep {
@@ -1106,7 +1106,7 @@ do_faultsim_test pagerfault-22 -prep {
 #
 do_faultsim_test pagerfault-23 -prep {
   sqlite3 db :memory:
-  foreach f [glob -nocomplain test.db*] { file delete -force $f }
+  foreach f [glob -nocomplain test.db*] { forcedelete $f }
   db eval { 
     ATTACH 'test.db2' AS aux;
     CREATE TABLE t1(a, b);
diff --git a/test/pagesize.test b/test/pagesize.test
index af2c017b7..0eebbbb7c 100644
--- a/test/pagesize.test
+++ b/test/pagesize.test
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ do_test pagesize-1.3 {
 
 do_test pagesize-1.4 {
   db close
-  file delete -force test.db
+  forcedelete test.db
   sqlite3 db test.db
   execsql {
     PRAGMA page_size=511;
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ foreach PGSZ {512 2048 4096 8192} {
   }
   do_test pagesize-2.$PGSZ.1 {
     db close
-    file delete -force test.db
+    forcedelete test.db
     sqlite3 db test.db
     execsql "PRAGMA page_size=$PGSZ"
     execsql {
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ foreach PGSZ {512 2048 4096 8192} {
   integrity_check pagesize-2.$PGSZ.17
 
   db close
-  file delete -force test.db
+  forcedelete test.db
   sqlite3 db test.db
   do_test pagesize-2.$PGSZ.30 {
     execsql "
@@ -203,7 +203,7 @@ foreach PGSZ {512 2048 4096 8192} {
   } [list 1024 $PGSZ]
 
   db close
-  file delete -force test.db
+  forcedelete test.db
   sqlite3 db test.db
   do_test pagesize-2.$PGSZ.40 {
     execsql "
diff --git a/test/pcache2.test b/test/pcache2.test
index 14df52ebd..20cb2a846 100644
--- a/test/pcache2.test
+++ b/test/pcache2.test
@@ -34,13 +34,13 @@ do_test pcache2-1.1 {
 # Open up two database connections to separate files.
 #
 do_test pcache2-1.2 {
-  file delete -force test.db test.db-journal
+  forcedelete test.db test.db-journal
   sqlite3 db test.db
   db eval {PRAGMA cache_size=10}
   lindex [sqlite3_status SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_USED 0] 1
 } {2}
 do_test pcache2-1.3 {
-  file delete -force test2.db test2.db-journal
+  forcedelete test2.db test2.db-journal
   sqlite3 db2 test2.db
   db2 eval {PRAGMA cache_size=50}
   lindex [sqlite3_status SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_USED 0] 1
diff --git a/test/pragma.test b/test/pragma.test
index 4b4418299..d2a756f61 100644
--- a/test/pragma.test
+++ b/test/pragma.test
@@ -51,8 +51,8 @@ ifcapable !pragma {
 # that the "all.test" script does.
 #
 db close
-file delete test.db test.db-journal
-file delete test3.db test3.db-journal
+delete_file test.db test.db-journal
+delete_file test3.db test3.db-journal
 sqlite3 db test.db; set DB [sqlite3_connection_pointer db]
 
 
@@ -221,8 +221,8 @@ do_test pragma-1.18 {
 # Test modifying the safety_level of an attached database.
 ifcapable pager_pragmas&&attach {
   do_test pragma-2.1 {
-    file delete -force test2.db
-    file delete -force test2.db-journal
+    forcedelete test2.db
+    forcedelete test2.db-journal
     execsql {
       ATTACH 'test2.db' AS aux;
     } 
@@ -255,7 +255,7 @@ ifcapable pager_pragmas&&attach {
 #
 do_test pragma-3.1 {
   db close
-  file delete -force test.db test.db-journal
+  forcedelete test.db test.db-journal
   sqlite3 db test.db
   execsql {
     PRAGMA auto_vacuum=OFF;
@@ -312,7 +312,7 @@ ifcapable attach {
     #
     do_test pragma-3.8 {
       execsql {DETACH t2}
-      file delete -force testerr.db testerr.db-journal
+      forcedelete testerr.db testerr.db-journal
       set out [open testerr.db w]
       fconfigure $out -translation binary
       set in [open test.db r]
@@ -419,7 +419,7 @@ Page 6 is never used} {rowid 1 missing from index i2}}
   }
   do_test pragma-3.19 {
     catch {db close}
-    file delete -force test.db test.db-journal
+    forcedelete test.db test.db-journal
     sqlite3 db test.db
     db eval {PRAGMA integrity_check}
   } {ok}
@@ -741,8 +741,8 @@ do_test pragma-8.1.10 {
 } SQLITE_SCHEMA
 
 # Make sure the schema-version can be manipulated in an attached database.
-file delete -force test2.db
-file delete -force test2.db-journal
+forcedelete test2.db
+forcedelete test2.db-journal
 ifcapable attach {
   do_test pragma-8.1.11 {
     execsql {
@@ -1205,7 +1205,7 @@ do_test pragma-13.1 {
 
 ifcapable pager_pragmas {
   db close
-  file delete -force test.db
+  forcedelete test.db
   sqlite3 db test.db
 
   do_test pragma-14.1 {
@@ -1241,7 +1241,7 @@ ifcapable pager_pragmas {
   } {2}
 
   do_test pragma-14.6 {
-    file delete -force test2.db
+    forcedelete test2.db
     sqlite3 db2 test2.db
     execsql {
       PRAGMA auto_vacuum = 0;
diff --git a/test/pragma2.test b/test/pragma2.test
index 87c3c5d04..1111a984b 100644
--- a/test/pragma2.test
+++ b/test/pragma2.test
@@ -33,8 +33,8 @@ ifcapable !pragma||!schema_pragmas {
 # that the "all.test" script does.
 #
 db close
-file delete test.db test.db-journal
-file delete test3.db test3.db-journal
+delete_file test.db test.db-journal
+delete_file test3.db test3.db-journal
 sqlite3 db test.db; set DB [sqlite3_connection_pointer db]
 db eval {PRAGMA auto_vacuum=0}
 
@@ -61,8 +61,8 @@ do_test pragma2-1.4 {
   }
 } {1}
 
-file delete -force test2.db
-file delete -force test2.db-journal
+forcedelete test2.db
+forcedelete test2.db-journal
 
 ifcapable attach {
   do_test pragma2-2.1 {
diff --git a/test/quota.test b/test/quota.test
index d7601e0e5..55eca2d53 100644
--- a/test/quota.test
+++ b/test/quota.test
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ proc quota_check {filename limitvar size} {
 }
 
 do_test quota-3.1.1 {
-  file delete -force test.db
+  forcedelete test.db
   sqlite3_quota_initialize "" 1
   sqlite3_quota_set *test.db 4096 quota_check
 } {SQLITE_OK}
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ do_test quota-3.1.6 {
 } {SQLITE_OK}
 
 do_test quota-3.2.1 {
-  file delete force test.db test2.db 
+  delete_file force test.db test2.db 
 
   sqlite3_quota_set * 4096 {}
   sqlite3 db1a test.db
@@ -257,7 +257,7 @@ do_test quota-4.1.5 {
   quota_list
 } {*test2.db}
 do_test quota-4.1.6 {
-  file delete -force test2.db test2.db-journal test2.db-wal
+  forcedelete test2.db test2.db-journal test2.db-wal
   sqlite3 db test2.db
   db eval {CREATE TABLE t2(x); INSERT INTO t2 VALUES('tab-t2');}
   quota_list
@@ -357,7 +357,7 @@ do_faultsim_test quota-5.2 -prep {
 }
 
 catch { db close }
-file delete -force test.db
+forcedelete test.db
 
 do_test quota-5.3.prep {
   sqlite3 db test.db
@@ -377,7 +377,7 @@ do_faultsim_test quota-5.3 -prep {
 
 do_test quota-5.4.1 {
   catch { db close }
-  file delete -force test.db
+  forcedelete test.db
   file mkdir test.db
   list [catch { sqlite3 db test.db } msg] $msg
 } {1 {unable to open database file}}
diff --git a/test/rollback.test b/test/rollback.test
index d462fc48a..fc123ab93 100644
--- a/test/rollback.test
+++ b/test/rollback.test
@@ -88,8 +88,8 @@ if {$tcl_platform(platform) == "unix"
       BEGIN;
       INSERT INTO t3 VALUES('hello world');
     }
-    file copy -force test.db testA.db
-    file copy -force test.db-journal testA.db-journal
+    forcecopy test.db testA.db
+    forcecopy test.db-journal testA.db-journal
     execsql {
       COMMIT;
     }
diff --git a/test/savepoint.test b/test/savepoint.test
index 042c55589..3bbbaaae3 100644
--- a/test/savepoint.test
+++ b/test/savepoint.test
@@ -371,7 +371,7 @@ wal_check_journal_mode savepoint-5.5
 #
 ifcapable {autovacuum && pragma} {
   db close
-  file delete -force test.db
+  forcedelete test.db
   sqlite3 db test.db
 
   do_test savepoint-6.1 {
@@ -419,7 +419,7 @@ ifcapable {autovacuum && pragma} {
 # surrounding savepoints by growing and shrinking the database file.
 #
 db close
-file delete -force test.db
+forcedelete test.db
 sqlite3 db test.db
 
 do_test savepoint-7.1 {
@@ -490,7 +490,7 @@ wal_check_journal_mode savepoint-7.3.3
 
 do_test savepoint-7.4.1 {
   db close
-  file delete -force test.db
+  forcedelete test.db
   sqlite3 db test.db
   execsql { PRAGMA auto_vacuum = incremental }
   wal_set_journal_mode
@@ -640,8 +640,8 @@ set templockstate [lindex [db eval {PRAGMA lock_status}] 3]
 
 if {[wal_is_wal_mode]==0} {
   do_test savepoint-10.2.1 {
-    file delete -force test3.db
-    file delete -force test2.db
+    forcedelete test3.db
+    forcedelete test2.db
     execsql {
       ATTACH 'test2.db' AS aux1;
       ATTACH 'test3.db' AS aux2;
@@ -762,7 +762,7 @@ if {[wal_is_wal_mode]==0} {
 # 
 do_test savepoint-11.1 {
   db close
-  file delete -force test.db
+  forcedelete test.db
   sqlite3 db test.db
   execsql { PRAGMA auto_vacuum = full; }
   wal_set_journal_mode
@@ -868,7 +868,7 @@ wal_check_journal_mode savepoint-12.5
 if {[wal_is_wal_mode]==0} {
   do_test savepoint-13.1 {
     db close
-    catch {file delete -force test.db}
+    catch {forcedelete test.db}
     sqlite3 db test.db
     execsql {
       BEGIN;
@@ -909,7 +909,7 @@ if {[wal_is_wal_mode]==0} {
 }
 
 db close
-file delete test.db
+delete_file test.db
 do_multiclient_test tn {
   do_test savepoint-14.$tn.1 {
     sql1 {
diff --git a/test/savepoint6.test b/test/savepoint6.test
index 60fde4c2d..b1d0d46f5 100644
--- a/test/savepoint6.test
+++ b/test/savepoint6.test
@@ -246,7 +246,7 @@ foreach zSetup [list {
   unset -nocomplain ::aEntry
 
   catch { db close }
-  file delete -force test.db test.db-wal test.db-journal
+  forcedelete test.db test.db-wal test.db-journal
   eval $zSetup
   sql $DATABASE_SCHEMA
 
diff --git a/test/securedel.test b/test/securedel.test
index c965069eb..7ff5a628a 100644
--- a/test/securedel.test
+++ b/test/securedel.test
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ do_test securedel-1.0 {
   db eval {PRAGMA secure_delete;}
 } $DEFAULT_SECDEL
 
-file delete -force test2.db test2.db-journal
+forcedelete test2.db test2.db-journal
 do_test securedel-1.1 {
   db eval {
     ATTACH 'test2.db' AS db2;
diff --git a/test/shared.test b/test/shared.test
index 35ddf0882..37564e696 100644
--- a/test/shared.test
+++ b/test/shared.test
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ set ::enable_shared_cache [sqlite3_enable_shared_cache 1]
 foreach av [list 0 1] {
 
 # Open the database connection and execute the auto-vacuum pragma
-file delete -force test.db
+forcedelete test.db
 sqlite3 db test.db
 
 ifcapable autovacuum {
@@ -293,9 +293,9 @@ catch {db3 close}
 #     db2.main  ->   ./test2.db
 #     db2.test  ->   ./test.db
 #
-file delete -force test.db
-file delete -force test2.db
-file delete -force test2.db-journal
+forcedelete test.db
+forcedelete test2.db
+forcedelete test2.db-journal
 sqlite3 db  test.db
 sqlite3 db2 test2.db
 do_test shared-$av.4.1.1 {
@@ -426,7 +426,7 @@ catch {db close}
 # Tests shared-5.* 
 #
 foreach db [list test.db test1.db test2.db test3.db] {
-  file delete -force $db ${db}-journal
+  forcedelete $db ${db}-journal
 }
 do_test shared-$av.5.1.1 {
   sqlite3 db1 test.db
@@ -557,7 +557,7 @@ do_test shared-$av.6.1.4 {
 catch {db1 close}
 catch {db2 close}
 foreach f [list test.db test2.db] {
-  file delete -force $f ${f}-journal
+  forcedelete $f ${f}-journal
 }
 
 #--------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -643,7 +643,7 @@ unset -nocomplain contents
 # The following tests try to trick the shared-cache code into assuming
 # the wrong encoding for a database.
 #
-file delete -force test.db test.db-journal
+forcedelete test.db test.db-journal
 ifcapable utf16 {
   do_test shared-$av.8.1.1 {
     sqlite3 db test.db
@@ -675,7 +675,7 @@ ifcapable utf16 {
     }
   } {UTF-8}
 
-  file delete -force test2.db test2.db-journal
+  forcedelete test2.db test2.db-journal
   do_test shared-$av.8.2.1 {
     execsql {
       ATTACH 'test2.db' AS aux;
@@ -693,7 +693,7 @@ ifcapable utf16 {
 
   catch {db close}
   catch {db2 close}
-  file delete -force test.db test2.db
+  forcedelete test.db test2.db
 
   do_test shared-$av.8.3.2 {
     sqlite3 db test.db
@@ -732,7 +732,7 @@ if 0 {
 
 catch {db close}
 catch {db2 close}
-file delete -force test.db test2.db
+forcedelete test.db test2.db
 
 #---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # The following tests - shared-9.* - test interactions between TEMP triggers
@@ -772,7 +772,7 @@ do_test shared-$av.9.3 {
 #
 do_test shared-$av.10.1 {
   # Create a small sample database with two connections to it (db and db2).
-  file delete -force test.db
+  forcedelete test.db
   sqlite3 db  test.db
   sqlite3 db2 test.db
   execsql {
@@ -853,7 +853,7 @@ do_test shared-$av.10.11 {
 } {}
 
 do_test shared-$av.11.1 {
-  file delete -force test.db
+  forcedelete test.db
   sqlite3 db  test.db
   sqlite3 db2 test.db
   execsql {
@@ -916,7 +916,7 @@ do_test shared-$av.11.11 {
 
 # This tests that if it is impossible to free any pages, SQLite will
 # exceed the limit set by PRAGMA cache_size.
-file delete -force test.db test.db-journal
+forcedelete test.db test.db-journal
 sqlite3 db test.db 
 ifcapable pager_pragmas {
   do_test shared-$av.12.1 {
@@ -963,7 +963,7 @@ do_test shared-$av.12.X {
 # database handle. This covers an extra line or two.
 #
 do_test shared-$av.13.1 {
-  file delete -force test2.db test3.db test4.db test5.db
+  forcedelete test2.db test3.db test4.db test5.db
   sqlite3 db :memory:
   execsql {
     ATTACH 'test2.db' AS aux2;
@@ -1026,7 +1026,7 @@ do_test shared-$av.14.3 {
 # assert() statements in the C code.
 #
 do_test shared-$av-15.1 {
-  file delete -force test.db
+  forcedelete test.db
   sqlite3 db test.db -fullmutex 1
   sqlite3 db2 test.db -fullmutex 1
   execsql {
diff --git a/test/shared2.test b/test/shared2.test
index d2a0d1b0f..d40c9a271 100644
--- a/test/shared2.test
+++ b/test/shared2.test
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ do_test shared2-3.2 {
   sqlite3_enable_shared_cache 1
 } {1}
 
-file delete -force test.db
+forcedelete test.db
 
 sqlite3 db test.db
 do_test shared2-4.1 {
diff --git a/test/shared3.test b/test/shared3.test
index 8f9eae9b7..783ae6a88 100644
--- a/test/shared3.test
+++ b/test/shared3.test
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ set ::enable_shared_cache [sqlite3_enable_shared_cache 1]
 # Ticket #1824
 #
 do_test shared3-1.1 {
-  file delete -force test.db test.db-journal
+  forcedelete test.db test.db-journal
   sqlite3 db1 test.db
   db1 eval {
     PRAGMA encoding=UTF16;
diff --git a/test/shared4.test b/test/shared4.test
index f9f017382..83925b06e 100644
--- a/test/shared4.test
+++ b/test/shared4.test
@@ -30,10 +30,10 @@ set ::enable_shared_cache [sqlite3_enable_shared_cache 1]
 # Prepare multiple databases in shared cache mode.
 #
 do_test shared4-1.1 {
-  file delete -force test1.db test1.db-journal
-  file delete -force test2.db test2.db-journal
-  file delete -force test3.db test3.db-journal
-  file delete -force test4.db test4.db-journal
+  forcedelete test1.db test1.db-journal
+  forcedelete test2.db test2.db-journal
+  forcedelete test3.db test3.db-journal
+  forcedelete test4.db test4.db-journal
   sqlite3 db1 test1.db
   sqlite3 db2 test2.db
   sqlite3 db3 test3.db
diff --git a/test/shared6.test b/test/shared6.test
index 4d38b22e3..499cbb0eb 100644
--- a/test/shared6.test
+++ b/test/shared6.test
@@ -235,7 +235,7 @@ do_test shared6-3.X {
 } {}
 
 do_test shared6-4.1 {
-  #file delete -force test.db test.db-journal
+  #forcedelete test.db test.db-journal
   sqlite3 db1 test.db
   sqlite3 db2 test.db
 
diff --git a/test/shared7.test b/test/shared7.test
index d003f0aee..5c4a1da24 100644
--- a/test/shared7.test
+++ b/test/shared7.test
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ do_test shared7-1.2 {
 } {1 {database is already attached}}
 
 do_test shared7-1.3 {
-  file delete -force test2.db test2.db-journal
+  forcedelete test2.db test2.db-journal
   db eval {
     ATTACH 'test2.db' AS test2;
     CREATE TABLE test2.t2(y);
diff --git a/test/speed3.test b/test/speed3.test
index a99a6245d..1beaeb74f 100644
--- a/test/speed3.test
+++ b/test/speed3.test
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ proc reset_db {} {
   }
 }
 
-file delete -force test2.db test2.db-journal
+forcedelete test2.db test2.db-journal
 reset_db
 
 # Set up a database in auto-vacuum mode and create a database schema.
diff --git a/test/sqllimits1.test b/test/sqllimits1.test
index 8f2521353..2cbad3ffb 100644
--- a/test/sqllimits1.test
+++ b/test/sqllimits1.test
@@ -759,7 +759,7 @@ ifcapable attach {
   do_test sqllimits1-12.1 {
     set max $::SQLITE_MAX_ATTACHED
     for {set i 0} {$i < ($max)} {incr i} {
-      file delete -force test${i}.db test${i}.db-journal
+      forcedelete test${i}.db test${i}.db-journal
     }
     for {set i 0} {$i < ($max)} {incr i} {
       execsql "ATTACH 'test${i}.db' AS aux${i}"
diff --git a/test/stat.test b/test/stat.test
index e1aeaa9e1..6737f5f4a 100644
--- a/test/stat.test
+++ b/test/stat.test
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ do_execsql_test stat-4.1 {
 ]
 
 db close
-file delete -force test.db
+forcedelete test.db
 sqlite3 db test.db
 register_dbstat_vtab db
 breakpoint
diff --git a/test/sync.test b/test/sync.test
index 4b02ad72a..14252b5c0 100644
--- a/test/sync.test
+++ b/test/sync.test
@@ -42,8 +42,8 @@ proc cond_incr_sync_count {adj} {
 
 do_test sync-1.1 {
   set sqlite_sync_count 0
-  file delete -force test2.db
-  file delete -force test2.db-journal
+  forcedelete test2.db
+  forcedelete test2.db-journal
   execsql {
     PRAGMA fullfsync=OFF;
     CREATE TABLE t1(a,b);
diff --git a/test/table.test b/test/table.test
index 5fa911665..ae6f94c74 100644
--- a/test/table.test
+++ b/test/table.test
@@ -667,8 +667,8 @@ ifcapable attach {
   # Now attach a database and ensure that a table can be created in the 
   # attached database whilst in a callback from a query on the main database.
   do_test table-14.3 {
-    file delete -force test2.db
-    file delete -force test2.db-journal
+    forcedelete test2.db
+    forcedelete test2.db-journal
     execsql {
       ATTACH 'test2.db' as aux;
     }
diff --git a/test/temptable.test b/test/temptable.test
index d82ea3644..5eeb0f578 100644
--- a/test/temptable.test
+++ b/test/temptable.test
@@ -404,7 +404,7 @@ do_test temptable-6.8 {
   }
 } {1 {no such table: t9}}
 
-file delete -force test2.db test2.db-journal
+forcedelete test2.db test2.db-journal
 ifcapable attach {
   do_test temptable-7.1 {
     catchsql {
@@ -415,14 +415,14 @@ ifcapable attach {
 }
 
 # Need to do the following for tcl 8.5 on mac. On that configuration, the
-# -readonly flag is taken so seriously that a subsequent [file delete -force]
+# -readonly flag is taken so seriously that a subsequent [forcedelete]
 # (required before the next test file can be executed) will fail.
 #
 catch {file attributes test.db -readonly 0}
 
 do_test temptable-8.0 {
   db close
-  catch {file delete -force test.db}
+  catch {forcedelete test.db}
   sqlite3 db test.db
 } {}
 do_test temptable-8.1 {
diff --git a/test/temptrigger.test b/test/temptrigger.test
index ececc4a8a..ed1efb912 100644
--- a/test/temptrigger.test
+++ b/test/temptrigger.test
@@ -157,8 +157,8 @@ sqlite3_enable_shared_cache $::enable_shared_cache
 #   temptrigger-3.4: Check that the temp trigger can be dropped without error.
 # 
 do_test temptrigger-3.1 {
-  catch { file delete -force test2.db test2.db-journal }
-  catch { file delete -force test.db test.db-journal }
+  catch { forcedelete test2.db test2.db-journal }
+  catch { forcedelete test.db test.db-journal }
   sqlite3 db test.db 
   sqlite3 db2 test2.db 
   execsql { CREATE TABLE t2(a, b) } db2
diff --git a/test/tester.tcl b/test/tester.tcl
index fabb32af5..3c34b45d4 100644
--- a/test/tester.tcl
+++ b/test/tester.tcl
@@ -20,7 +20,9 @@
 # Commands to manipulate the db and the file-system at a high level:
 #
 #      copy_file              FROM TO
+#      delete_file            FILENAME
 #      drop_all_tables        ?DB?
+#      forcecopy              FROM TO
 #      forcedelete            FILENAME
 #
 # Test the capability of the SQLite version built into the interpreter to
@@ -123,6 +125,121 @@ if {[info command sqlite_orig]==""} {
   }
 }
 
+proc getFileRetries {} {
+  if {![info exists ::G(file-retries)]} {
+    #
+    # NOTE: Return the default number of retries for [file] operations.  A
+    #       value of zero or less here means "disabled".
+    #
+    return [expr {$::tcl_platform(platform) eq "windows" ? 10 : 0}]
+  }
+  return $::G(file-retries)
+}
+
+proc getFileRetryDelay {} {
+  if {![info exists ::G(file-retry-delay)]} {
+    #
+    # NOTE: Return the default number of milliseconds to wait when retrying
+    #       failed [file] operations.  A value of zero or less means "do not
+    #       wait".
+    #
+    return 100; # TODO: Good default?
+  }
+  return $::G(file-retry-delay)
+}
+
+# Copy file $from into $to. This is used because some versions of
+# TCL for windows (notably the 8.4.1 binary package shipped with the
+# current mingw release) have a broken "file copy" command.
+#
+proc copy_file {from to} {
+  do_copy_file false $from $to
+}
+
+proc forcecopy {from to} {
+  do_copy_file true $from $to
+}
+
+proc do_copy_file {force from to} {
+  set nRetry [getFileRetries]     ;# Maximum number of retries.
+  set nDelay [getFileRetryDelay]  ;# Delay in ms before retrying.
+
+  # On windows, sometimes even a [file copy -force] can fail. The cause is
+  # usually "tag-alongs" - programs like anti-virus software, automatic backup
+  # tools and various explorer extensions that keep a file open a little longer
+  # than we expect, causing the delete to fail.
+  #
+  # The solution is to wait a short amount of time before retrying the copy.
+  #
+  if {$nRetry > 0} {
+    for {set i 0} {$i<$nRetry} {incr i} {
+      set rc [catch {
+        if {$force} {
+          file copy -force $from $to
+        } else {
+          file copy $from $to
+        }
+      } msg]
+      if {$rc==0} break
+      if {$nDelay > 0} { after $nDelay }
+    }
+    if {$rc} { error $msg }
+  } else {
+    if {$force} {
+      file copy -force $from $to
+    } else {
+      file copy $from $to
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+# Delete a file or directory
+#
+proc delete_file {args} {
+  do_delete_file false {*}$args
+}
+
+proc forcedelete {args} {
+  do_delete_file true {*}$args
+}
+
+proc do_delete_file {force args} {
+  set nRetry [getFileRetries]     ;# Maximum number of retries.
+  set nDelay [getFileRetryDelay]  ;# Delay in ms before retrying.
+
+  foreach filename $args {
+    # On windows, sometimes even a [file delete -force] can fail just after
+    # a file is closed. The cause is usually "tag-alongs" - programs like
+    # anti-virus software, automatic backup tools and various explorer
+    # extensions that keep a file open a little longer than we expect, causing
+    # the delete to fail.
+    #
+    # The solution is to wait a short amount of time before retrying the
+    # delete.
+    #
+    if {$nRetry > 0} {
+      for {set i 0} {$i<$nRetry} {incr i} {
+        set rc [catch {
+          if {$force} {
+            file delete -force $filename
+          } else {
+            file delete $filename
+          }
+        } msg]
+        if {$rc==0} break
+        if {$nDelay > 0} { after $nDelay }
+      }
+      if {$rc} { error $msg }
+    } else {
+      if {$force} {
+        file delete -force $filename
+      } else {
+        file delete $filename
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
 proc execpresql {handle args} {
   trace remove execution $handle enter [list execpresql $handle]
   if {[info exists ::G(perm:presql)]} {
@@ -154,6 +271,8 @@ if {[info exists cmdlinearg]==0} {
   #   --backtrace=N
   #   --binarylog=N
   #   --soak=N
+  #   --file-retries=N
+  #   --file-retry-delay=N
   #   --start=[$permutation:]$testfile
   #
   set cmdlinearg(soft-heap-limit)    0
@@ -162,6 +281,8 @@ if {[info exists cmdlinearg]==0} {
   set cmdlinearg(backtrace)         10
   set cmdlinearg(binarylog)          0
   set cmdlinearg(soak)               0
+  set cmdlinearg(file-retries)       0
+  set cmdlinearg(file-retry-delay)   0
   set cmdlinearg(start)             "" 
 
   set leftover [list]
@@ -197,6 +318,14 @@ if {[info exists cmdlinearg]==0} {
         foreach {dummy cmdlinearg(soak)} [split $a =] break
         set ::G(issoak) $cmdlinearg(soak)
       }
+      {^-+file-retries=.+$} {
+        foreach {dummy cmdlinearg(file-retries)} [split $a =] break
+        set ::G(file-retries) $cmdlinearg(file-retries)
+      }
+      {^-+file-retry-delay=.+$} {
+        foreach {dummy cmdlinearg(file-retry-delay)} [split $a =] break
+        set ::G(file-retry-delay) $cmdlinearg(file-retry-delay)
+      }
       {^-+start=.+$} {
         foreach {dummy cmdlinearg(start)} [split $a =] break
 
@@ -246,9 +375,9 @@ sqlite3_soft_heap_limit $cmdlinearg(soft-heap-limit)
 #
 proc reset_db {} {
   catch {db close}
-  file delete -force test.db
-  file delete -force test.db-journal
-  file delete -force test.db-wal
+  forcedelete test.db
+  forcedelete test.db-journal
+  forcedelete test.db-wal
   sqlite3 db ./test.db
   set ::DB [sqlite3_connection_pointer db]
   if {[info exists ::SETUP_SQL]} {
@@ -622,10 +751,10 @@ proc finalize_testing {} {
     }
   }
   foreach f [glob -nocomplain test.db-*-journal] {
-    file delete -force $f
+    forcedelete $f
   }
   foreach f [glob -nocomplain test.db-mj*] {
-    file delete -force $f
+    forcedelete $f
   }
   exit [expr {$nErr>0}]
 }
@@ -740,30 +869,6 @@ proc stepsql {dbptr sql} {
   return $r
 }
 
-# Delete a file or directory
-#
-proc forcedelete {args} {
-  foreach filename $args {
-    # On windows, sometimes even a [file delete -force] can fail just after
-    # a file is closed. The cause is usually "tag-alongs" - programs like
-    # anti-virus software, automatic backup tools and various explorer
-    # extensions that keep a file open a little longer than we expect, causing
-    # the delete to fail.
-    #
-    # The solution is to wait a short amount of time before retrying the 
-    # delete.
-    #
-    set nRetry  50                  ;# Maximum number of retries.
-    set nDelay 100                  ;# Delay in ms before retrying.
-    for {set i 0} {$i<$nRetry} {incr i} {
-      set rc [catch {file delete -force $filename} msg]
-      if {$rc==0} break
-      after $nDelay
-    }
-    if {$rc} { error $msg }
-  }
-}
-
 # Do an integrity check of the entire database
 #
 proc integrity_check {name {db db}} {
@@ -964,10 +1069,10 @@ proc do_ioerr_test {testname args} {
       set ::sqlite_io_error_pending 0
       catch {db close}
       catch {db2 close}
-      catch {file delete -force test.db}
-      catch {file delete -force test.db-journal}
-      catch {file delete -force test2.db}
-      catch {file delete -force test2.db-journal}
+      catch {forcedelete test.db}
+      catch {forcedelete test.db-journal}
+      catch {forcedelete test2.db}
+      catch {forcedelete test2.db-journal}
       set ::DB [sqlite3 db test.db; sqlite3_connection_pointer db]
       sqlite3_extended_result_codes $::DB $::ioerropts(-erc)
       if {[info exists ::ioerropts(-tclprep)]} {
@@ -1241,24 +1346,6 @@ proc memdebug_log_sql {{filename mallocs.sql}} {
   close $fd
 }
 
-# Copy file $from into $to. This is used because some versions of
-# TCL for windows (notably the 8.4.1 binary package shipped with the
-# current mingw release) have a broken "file copy" command.
-#
-proc copy_file {from to} {
-  if {$::tcl_platform(platform)=="unix"} {
-    file copy -force $from $to
-  } else {
-    set f [open $from]
-    fconfigure $f -translation binary
-    set t [open $to w]
-    fconfigure $t -translation binary
-    puts -nonewline $t [read $f [file size $from]]
-    close $t
-    close $f
-  }
-}
-
 # Drop all tables in database [db]
 proc drop_all_tables {{db db}} {
   ifcapable trigger&&foreignkey {
@@ -1440,7 +1527,7 @@ proc db_save {} {
   foreach f [glob -nocomplain sv_test.db*] { forcedelete $f }
   foreach f [glob -nocomplain test.db*] {
     set f2 "sv_$f"
-    file copy -force $f $f2
+    forcecopy $f $f2
   }
 }
 proc db_save_and_close {} {
@@ -1452,7 +1539,7 @@ proc db_restore {} {
   foreach f [glob -nocomplain test.db*] { forcedelete $f }
   foreach f2 [glob -nocomplain sv_test.db*] {
     set f [string range $f2 3 end]
-    file copy -force $f2 $f
+    forcecopy $f2 $f
   }
 }
 proc db_restore_and_reopen {{dbfile test.db}} {
@@ -1462,7 +1549,7 @@ proc db_restore_and_reopen {{dbfile test.db}} {
 }
 proc db_delete_and_reopen {{file test.db}} {
   catch { db close }
-  foreach f [glob -nocomplain test.db*] { file delete -force $f }
+  foreach f [glob -nocomplain test.db*] { forcedelete $f }
   sqlite3 db $file
 }
 
diff --git a/test/thread002.test b/test/thread002.test
index b1e5f6368..60071d924 100644
--- a/test/thread002.test
+++ b/test/thread002.test
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ set ::NTHREAD 10
 do_test thread002.1 {
   # Create 3 databases with identical schemas:
   for {set ii 0} {$ii < 3} {incr ii} {
-    file delete -force test${ii}.db
+    forcedelete test${ii}.db
     sqlite3 db test${ii}.db
     execsql {
       CREATE TABLE t1(k, v);
diff --git a/test/thread003.test b/test/thread003.test
index 8aa513af1..22cd534c8 100644
--- a/test/thread003.test
+++ b/test/thread003.test
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ do_test thread003.1.2 {
 } {1}
 do_test thread003.1.3 {
   db close
-  file delete -force test2.db
+  forcedelete test2.db
   sqlite3 db test2.db
 } {}
 do_test thread003.1.4 {
diff --git a/test/thread005.test b/test/thread005.test
index 9253287d9..89cbfe76d 100644
--- a/test/thread005.test
+++ b/test/thread005.test
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ for {set ii 2} {$ii < 500} {incr ii} {
 # switch or something...
 #
 
-file delete -force test.db test2.db
+forcedelete test.db test2.db
 unset -nocomplain finished
 
 do_test thread005-2.1 {
diff --git a/test/tkt-2d1a5c67d.test b/test/tkt-2d1a5c67d.test
index 278e1d38b..bf9595f01 100644
--- a/test/tkt-2d1a5c67d.test
+++ b/test/tkt-2d1a5c67d.test
@@ -118,8 +118,8 @@ do_test 3.5 {
 #
 forcedelete test.db2-wal test.db2
 do_test 3.6 {
-  file copy test.db-wal test.db2-wal
-  file copy test.db test.db2
+  copy_file test.db-wal test.db2-wal
+  copy_file test.db test.db2
   sqlite3 db2 test.db2
   execsql { SELECT * FROM t4 WHERE a = 'xyz' } db2
 } {xyz}
diff --git a/test/tkt-5ee23731f.test b/test/tkt-5ee23731f.test
index 61c997417..761382a4d 100644
--- a/test/tkt-5ee23731f.test
+++ b/test/tkt-5ee23731f.test
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ source $testdir/tester.tcl
 
 do_test tkt-5ee237-1.1 {
   db close
-  file delete -force test.db
+  forcedelete test.db
   sqlite3 db test.db
   db eval {
     CREATE TABLE t1(x UNIQUE);
diff --git a/test/tkt-f3e5abed55.test b/test/tkt-f3e5abed55.test
index 241c1612e..b3f5d5656 100644
--- a/test/tkt-f3e5abed55.test
+++ b/test/tkt-f3e5abed55.test
@@ -14,8 +14,8 @@ set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
 source $testdir/tester.tcl
 source $testdir/malloc_common.tcl
 
-foreach f [glob -nocomplain test.db*mj*] { file delete -force $f }
-file delete -force test.db2
+foreach f [glob -nocomplain test.db*mj*] { forcedelete $f }
+forcedelete test.db2
 
 do_test tkt-f3e5abed55-1.1 {
   execsql {
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ do_test tkt-f3e5abed55-1.5 {
 do_test tkt-f3e5abed55-1.6 {
   glob -nocomplain test.db*mj*
 } {}
-foreach f [glob -nocomplain test.db*mj*] { file delete -force $f }
+foreach f [glob -nocomplain test.db*mj*] { forcedelete $f }
 db close
 db2 close
 
diff --git a/test/tkt1667.test b/test/tkt1667.test
index 9883a208a..63815061c 100644
--- a/test/tkt1667.test
+++ b/test/tkt1667.test
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ ifcapable !autovacuum||!tclvar {
 }
 
 db close
-file delete -force test.db test.db-journal
+forcedelete test.db test.db-journal
 
 # Set the pending byte offset such that the page it is on is
 # the first autovacuum pointer map page in the file (assume a page 
diff --git a/test/tkt1873.test b/test/tkt1873.test
index 85a52832d..9930790c7 100644
--- a/test/tkt1873.test
+++ b/test/tkt1873.test
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ ifcapable !attach {
   return
 }
 
-file delete -force test2.db test2.db-journal
+forcedelete test2.db test2.db-journal
 
 do_test tkt1873-1.1 {
   execsql {
diff --git a/test/tkt2686.test b/test/tkt2686.test
index c03c6868b..20447bbae 100644
--- a/test/tkt2686.test
+++ b/test/tkt2686.test
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ for {set i 1} {$i<2000} {incr i} {
 }
 
 db close
-file delete -force test.db test.db-journal
+forcedelete test.db test.db-journal
 sqlite3 db test.db
 
 db eval {
diff --git a/test/tkt2817.test b/test/tkt2817.test
index 46b7fe366..579cf2f7b 100644
--- a/test/tkt2817.test
+++ b/test/tkt2817.test
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ integrity_check tkt2817-1.3
 # same name. #2817 did not cause a problem with these tests.
 #
 db close
-file delete -force test.db
+forcedelete test.db
 sqlite3 db test.db
 do_test tkt2817-2.0 {
   execsql {
diff --git a/test/tkt2820.test b/test/tkt2820.test
index 106c1e550..11c4cd3a0 100644
--- a/test/tkt2820.test
+++ b/test/tkt2820.test
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ source $testdir/tester.tcl
 
 proc test_schema_change {testid init ddl res} {
   db close
-  file delete -force test.db test.db-journal
+  forcedelete test.db test.db-journal
   sqlite3 db test.db
   execsql $init
   do_test tkt2820-$testid.1 {
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ test_schema_change 3 {
 #
 do_test tkt2820-4.1 {
   db close
-  file delete -force test.db test.db-journal
+  forcedelete test.db test.db-journal
   sqlite3 db test.db
   db eval {
     CREATE TABLE t1(a INTEGER PRIMARY KEY);
diff --git a/test/tkt2854.test b/test/tkt2854.test
index 862524a77..914ddd1b6 100644
--- a/test/tkt2854.test
+++ b/test/tkt2854.test
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ do_test tkt2854-1.18 {
 # attached db cannot be locked, the internal exclusive flag used by
 # shared-cache users is correctly cleared.
 do_test tkt2854-1.19 {
-  file delete -force test2.db test2.db-journal
+  forcedelete test2.db test2.db-journal
   sqlite3 db4 test2.db
   execsql { CREATE TABLE def(d, e, f) } db4
   execsql { ATTACH 'test2.db' AS aux } db
diff --git a/test/tkt3457.test b/test/tkt3457.test
index 71eb42464..7b9a1b35a 100644
--- a/test/tkt3457.test
+++ b/test/tkt3457.test
@@ -46,8 +46,8 @@ do_test tkt3457-1.1 {
     INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(4, 5, 6);
   }
 
-  file copy -force test.db bak.db
-  file copy -force test.db-journal bak.db-journal
+  forcecopy test.db bak.db
+  forcecopy test.db-journal bak.db-journal
 
   # Fix the first journal-header in the journal-file. Because the
   # journal file has not yet been synced, the 8-byte magic string at the
@@ -63,23 +63,23 @@ do_test tkt3457-1.1 {
 } {}
 
 do_test tkt3457-1.2 {
-  file copy -force bak.db-journal test.db-journal
+  forcecopy bak.db-journal test.db-journal
   file attributes test.db-journal -permissions ---------
   catchsql { SELECT * FROM t1 }
 } {1 {unable to open database file}}
 do_test tkt3457-1.3 {
-  file copy -force bak.db-journal test.db-journal
+  forcecopy bak.db-journal test.db-journal
   file attributes test.db-journal -permissions -w--w--w-
   catchsql { SELECT * FROM t1 }
 } {1 {unable to open database file}}
 do_test tkt3457-1.4 {
-  file copy -force bak.db-journal test.db-journal
+  forcecopy bak.db-journal test.db-journal
   file attributes test.db-journal -permissions r--r--r--
   catchsql { SELECT * FROM t1 }
 } {1 {unable to open database file}}
 
 do_test tkt3457-1.5 {
-  file copy -force bak.db-journal test.db-journal
+  forcecopy bak.db-journal test.db-journal
   file attributes test.db-journal -permissions rw-rw-rw-
   catchsql { SELECT * FROM t1 }
 } {0 {1 2 3 4 5 6}}
diff --git a/test/tkt35xx.test b/test/tkt35xx.test
index d2a83cdef..f9d10c303 100644
--- a/test/tkt35xx.test
+++ b/test/tkt35xx.test
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ do_test tkt35xx-1.1 {
 # Trigger the problem using statement rollback.
 #
 db close
-file delete test.db
+delete_file test.db
 sqlite3 db test.db
 set big [string repeat abcdefghij 22]    ;# 220 byte string
 do_test tkt35xx-1.2.1 {
diff --git a/test/trigger1.test b/test/trigger1.test
index 622aff2de..dc344d4d0 100644
--- a/test/trigger1.test
+++ b/test/trigger1.test
@@ -534,8 +534,8 @@ ifcapable conflict {
 # example, that you can drop and re-create tables referenced by triggers. 
 ifcapable tempdb&&attach {
   do_test trigger1-10.0 {
-    file delete -force test2.db
-    file delete -force test2.db-journal
+    forcedelete test2.db
+    forcedelete test2.db-journal
     execsql {
       ATTACH 'test2.db' AS aux;
     }
diff --git a/test/trigger4.test b/test/trigger4.test
index 0e44ce6ca..a05a5e735 100644
--- a/test/trigger4.test
+++ b/test/trigger4.test
@@ -130,8 +130,8 @@ do_test trigger4-3.7 {
 
 do_test trigger4-4.1 {
     db close
-    file delete -force trigtest.db
-    file delete -force trigtest.db-journal
+    forcedelete trigtest.db
+    forcedelete trigtest.db-journal
     sqlite3 db trigtest.db
     catchsql {drop table tbl; drop view vw}
     execsql {
@@ -195,6 +195,6 @@ do_test trigger4-7.2 {
 
 integrity_check trigger4-99.9
 db close
-file delete -force trigtest.db trigtest.db-journal
+forcedelete trigtest.db trigtest.db-journal
 
 finish_test
diff --git a/test/triggerA.test b/test/triggerA.test
index 9f93db5c9..0bc017ff5 100644
--- a/test/triggerA.test
+++ b/test/triggerA.test
@@ -205,16 +205,16 @@ source $testdir/malloc_common.tcl
 # Save a copy of the current database configuration.
 #
 db close
-file delete -force test.db-triggerA
-file copy test.db test.db-triggerA
+forcedelete test.db-triggerA
+copy_file test.db test.db-triggerA
 sqlite3 db test.db
 
 # Run malloc tests on the INSTEAD OF trigger firing.
 #
 do_malloc_test triggerA-3 -tclprep {
   db close
-  file delete -force test.db test.db-journal
-  file copy -force test.db-triggerA test.db
+  forcedelete test.db test.db-journal
+  forcecopy test.db-triggerA test.db
   sqlite3 db test.db
   sqlite3_extended_result_codes db 1  
   db eval {SELECT * FROM v5; -- warm up the cache}
@@ -225,6 +225,6 @@ do_malloc_test triggerA-3 -tclprep {
 
 # Clean up the saved database copy.
 #
-file delete -force test.db-triggerA
+forcedelete test.db-triggerA
 
 finish_test
diff --git a/test/triggerC.test b/test/triggerC.test
index e5a492a41..12a5e4ac0 100644
--- a/test/triggerC.test
+++ b/test/triggerC.test
@@ -918,7 +918,7 @@ do_test triggerC-11.4 {
 
 do_test triggerC-12.1 {
   db close
-  file delete -force test.db
+  forcedelete test.db
   sqlite3 db test.db
 
   execsql {
diff --git a/test/triggerD.test b/test/triggerD.test
index 0cce4f3cd..a5dd4bdd5 100644
--- a/test/triggerD.test
+++ b/test/triggerD.test
@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ do_test triggerD-3.2 {
 #
 do_test triggerD-4.1 {
   db close
-  file delete -force test.db test2.db
+  forcedelete test.db test2.db
   sqlite3 db test.db
   db eval {
     CREATE TABLE t1(x);
diff --git a/test/vacuum.test b/test/vacuum.test
index 34be57ce7..9e6f5b237 100644
--- a/test/vacuum.test
+++ b/test/vacuum.test
@@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ db3 close
 do_test vacuum-3.1 {
   db close
   db2 close
-  file delete test.db
+  delete_file test.db
   sqlite3 db test.db
   execsql {
     PRAGMA empty_result_callbacks=on;
@@ -234,7 +234,7 @@ do_test vacuum-4.2 {
 ifcapable view {
 do_test vacuum-5.1 {
   db close
-  file delete -force test.db
+  forcedelete test.db
   sqlite3 db test.db
   catchsql {
     CREATE TABLE Test (TestID int primary key);
@@ -290,10 +290,10 @@ ifcapable {bloblit} {
 }
 
 # Check what happens when an in-memory database is vacuumed. The
-# [file delete] command covers us in case the library was compiled
+# [delete_file] command covers us in case the library was compiled
 # without in-memory database support.
 #
-file delete -force :memory:
+forcedelete :memory:
 do_test vacuum-7.0 {
   sqlite3 db2 :memory:
   execsql {
@@ -337,8 +337,8 @@ db2 close
 # Ticket #873.  VACUUM a database that has ' in its name.
 #
 do_test vacuum-8.1 {
-  file delete -force a'z.db
-  file delete -force a'z.db-journal
+  forcedelete a'z.db
+  forcedelete a'z.db-journal
   sqlite3 db2 a'z.db
   execsql {
     CREATE TABLE t1(t);
@@ -383,6 +383,6 @@ ifcapable {autoinc} {
   } $::cksum
 }
 
-file delete -force {a'z.db}
+forcedelete {a'z.db}
 
 finish_test
diff --git a/test/vacuum2.test b/test/vacuum2.test
index 35524bb26..b3bfab302 100644
--- a/test/vacuum2.test
+++ b/test/vacuum2.test
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ db2 close
 ifcapable autovacuum {
   do_test vacuum2-4.1 {
     db close
-    file delete -force test.db
+    forcedelete test.db
     sqlite3 db test.db
     execsql {
       pragma auto_vacuum=1;
diff --git a/test/vacuum3.test b/test/vacuum3.test
index f6b75d707..484a7d448 100644
--- a/test/vacuum3.test
+++ b/test/vacuum3.test
@@ -196,7 +196,7 @@ foreach {request actual} [list \
 
 do_test vacuum3-4.1 {
   db close
-  file delete test.db
+  delete_file test.db
   sqlite3 db test.db
   execsql {
     PRAGMA page_size=1024;
diff --git a/test/view.test b/test/view.test
index a87d2770a..b4440905f 100644
--- a/test/view.test
+++ b/test/view.test
@@ -458,7 +458,7 @@ do_test view-12.1 {
 
 ifcapable attach {
   do_test view-13.1 {
-    file delete -force test2.db
+    forcedelete test2.db
     catchsql {
       ATTACH 'test2.db' AS two;
       CREATE TABLE two.t2(x,y);
diff --git a/test/vtab1.test b/test/vtab1.test
index a9aca503c..c135d83bf 100644
--- a/test/vtab1.test
+++ b/test/vtab1.test
@@ -724,8 +724,8 @@ do_test vtab1-6-8.4 {
 } {}
 execsql {PRAGMA count_changes=OFF}
 
-file delete -force test2.db
-file delete -force test2.db-journal
+forcedelete test2.db
+forcedelete test2.db-journal
 sqlite3 db2 test2.db
 execsql {
   CREATE TABLE techo(a PRIMARY KEY, b, c);
diff --git a/test/vtab7.test b/test/vtab7.test
index d1b1f590e..162bab5e8 100644
--- a/test/vtab7.test
+++ b/test/vtab7.test
@@ -134,8 +134,8 @@ execsql {DROP TABLE newtab}
 # Write to an attached database from xSync().
 ifcapable attach {
   do_test vtab7-3.1 {
-    file delete -force test2.db
-    file delete -force test2.db-journal
+    forcedelete test2.db
+    forcedelete test2.db-journal
     execsql {
       ATTACH 'test2.db' AS db2;
       CREATE TABLE db2.stuff(description, shape, color);
diff --git a/test/vtabC.test b/test/vtabC.test
index 824d4ca24..ca78b706f 100644
--- a/test/vtabC.test
+++ b/test/vtabC.test
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ ifcapable !trigger { finish_test ; return }
 unset -nocomplain N
 for {set N 1} {$N<=20} {incr N} {
   db close
-  file delete -force test.db test.db-journal
+  forcedelete test.db test.db-journal
   sqlite3 db test.db
   register_echo_module [sqlite3_connection_pointer db]
 
diff --git a/test/wal.test b/test/wal.test
index 1aa70e052..056becf7d 100644
--- a/test/wal.test
+++ b/test/wal.test
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ ifcapable !wal {finish_test ; return }
 
 proc reopen_db {} {
   catch { db close }
-  file delete -force test.db test.db-wal test.db-wal-summary
+  forcedelete test.db test.db-wal test.db-wal-summary
   sqlite3_wal db test.db
 }
 
@@ -211,8 +211,8 @@ do_test wal-4.4.5 {
   execsql { SELECT count(*) FROM t2 }
 } {1}
 do_test wal-4.4.6 {
-  file copy -force test.db test2.db
-  file copy -force test.db-wal test2.db-wal
+  forcecopy test.db test2.db
+  forcecopy test.db-wal test2.db-wal
   sqlite3 db2 test2.db
   execsql { SELECT count(*) FROM t2 ; SELECT count(*) FROM t1 } db2
 } {1 2}
@@ -269,8 +269,8 @@ do_test wal-4.5.5 {
   execsql { SELECT count(*) FROM t2 ; SELECT count(*) FROM t1 }
 } {1 2}
 do_test wal-4.5.6 {
-  file copy -force test.db test2.db
-  file copy -force test.db-wal test2.db-wal
+  forcecopy test.db test2.db
+  forcecopy test.db-wal test2.db-wal
   sqlite3 db2 test2.db
   execsql { SELECT count(*) FROM t2 ; SELECT count(*) FROM t1 } db2
 } {1 2}
@@ -334,7 +334,7 @@ db close
 foreach sector {512 4096} {
   sqlite3_simulate_device -sectorsize $sector
   foreach pgsz {512 1024 2048 4096} {
-    file delete -force test.db test.db-wal
+    forcedelete test.db test.db-wal
     do_test wal-6.$sector.$pgsz.1 {
       sqlite3 db test.db -vfs devsym
       execsql "
@@ -357,7 +357,7 @@ foreach sector {512 4096} {
 }
 
 do_test wal-7.1 {
-  file delete -force test.db test.db-wal
+  forcedelete test.db test.db-wal
   sqlite3_wal db test.db
   execsql {
     PRAGMA page_size = 1024;
@@ -377,7 +377,7 @@ do_test wal-7.2 {
 do_test wal-8.1 {
   reopen_db
   catch { db close }
-  file delete -force test.db test.db-wal
+  forcedelete test.db test.db-wal
 
   sqlite3 db test.db
   db function blob blob
@@ -435,9 +435,9 @@ do_test wal-9.2 {
 } {ok}
 
 do_test wal-9.3 {
-  file delete -force test2.db test2.db-wal
-  file copy test.db test2.db
-  file copy test.db-wal test2.db-wal
+  forcedelete test2.db test2.db-wal
+  copy_file test.db test2.db
+  copy_file test.db-wal test2.db-wal
   sqlite3_wal db3 test2.db 
   execsql {PRAGMA integrity_check } db3
 } {ok}
@@ -786,8 +786,8 @@ do_test wal-12.3 {
   list [expr [file size test.db]/1024] [expr [file size test.db-wal]/1044]
 } {3 2}
 do_test wal-12.4 {
-  file copy -force test.db test2.db
-  file copy -force test.db-wal test2.db-wal
+  forcecopy test.db test2.db
+  forcecopy test.db-wal test2.db-wal
   sqlite3_wal db2 test2.db
   execsql { SELECT * FROM t2 } db2
 } {B 1}
@@ -804,8 +804,8 @@ do_test wal-12.5 {
   execsql {  SELECT * FROM t2 }
 } {B 2}
 do_test wal-12.6 {
-  file copy -force test.db test2.db
-  file copy -force test.db-wal test2.db-wal
+  forcecopy test.db test2.db
+  forcecopy test.db-wal test2.db-wal
   sqlite3_wal db2 test2.db
   execsql { SELECT * FROM t2 } db2
 } {B 2}
@@ -909,7 +909,7 @@ do_multiclient_test tn {
 catch { db close }
 catch { db2 close }
 catch { db3 close }
-file delete -force test.db test.db-wal
+forcedelete test.db test.db-wal
 sqlite3 db test.db
 sqlite3 db2 test.db
 do_test wal-14 {
@@ -947,7 +947,7 @@ catch { db2 close }
 # The following block of tests - wal-15.* - focus on testing the 
 # implementation of the sqlite3_wal_checkpoint() interface.
 #
-file delete -force test.db test.db-wal
+forcedelete test.db test.db-wal
 sqlite3 db test.db
 do_test wal-15.1 {
   execsql {
@@ -1043,8 +1043,8 @@ foreach {tn ckpt_cmd ckpt_res ckpt_main ckpt_aux} {
   9 {db eval "PRAGMA temp.wal_checkpoint"}   {0 -1 -1}     0 0
 } {
   do_test wal-16.$tn.1 {
-    file delete -force test2.db test2.db-wal test2.db-journal
-    file delete -force test.db test.db-wal test.db-journal
+    forcedelete test2.db test2.db-wal test2.db-journal
+    forcedelete test.db test.db-wal test.db-journal
 
     sqlite3 db test.db
     execsql {
@@ -1116,7 +1116,7 @@ foreach {tn sectorsize logsize} "
   6  4096  [wal_file_size 176 512]
   7  8192  [wal_file_size 184 512]
 " {
-  file delete -force test.db test.db-wal test.db-journal
+  forcedelete test.db test.db-wal test.db-journal
   sqlite3_simulate_device -sectorsize $sectorsize
   sqlite3 db test.db -vfs devsym
 
@@ -1160,7 +1160,7 @@ sqlite3_test_control_pending_byte $old_pending_byte
 #   wal-18.2.* When the page-size field that occurs at the start of a log
 #              file is a power of 2 greater than 16384 or smaller than 512.
 #
-file delete -force test.db test.db-wal test.db-journal
+forcedelete test.db test.db-wal test.db-journal
 do_test wal-18.0 {
   sqlite3 db test.db
   execsql {
@@ -1178,8 +1178,8 @@ do_test wal-18.0 {
     INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(5, 6);          -- frames 5 and 6
   }
 
-  file copy -force test.db testX.db
-  file copy -force test.db-wal testX.db-wal
+  forcecopy test.db testX.db
+  forcecopy test.db-wal testX.db-wal
   db close
   list [file size testX.db] [file size testX.db-wal]
 } [list [expr 3*1024] [wal_file_size 6 1024]]
@@ -1195,8 +1195,8 @@ foreach {nFrame result} {
          6      {0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6}
 } {
   do_test wal-18.1.$nFrame {
-    file copy -force testX.db test.db
-    file copy -force testX.db-wal test.db-wal
+    forcecopy testX.db test.db
+    forcecopy testX.db-wal test.db-wal
 
     hexio_write test.db-wal [expr 24 + $nFrame*(24+1024) + 20] 00000000
 
@@ -1232,7 +1232,7 @@ proc logcksum {ckv1 ckv2 blob} {
   }
 }
 
-file copy -force test.db testX.db
+forcecopy test.db testX.db
 foreach {tn pgsz works} { 
   1    128    0
   2    256    0
@@ -1253,8 +1253,8 @@ foreach {tn pgsz works} {
   }
 
   for {set pg 1} {$pg <= 3} {incr pg} {
-    file copy -force testX.db test.db
-    file delete -force test.db-wal
+    forcecopy testX.db test.db
+    forcedelete test.db-wal
   
     # Check that the database now exists and consists of three pages. And
     # that there is no associated wal file.
@@ -1321,7 +1321,7 @@ foreach {tn pgsz works} {
 # snapshot.
 #
 do_test wal-19.1 {
-  file delete -force test.db test.db-wal test.db-journal
+  forcedelete test.db test.db-wal test.db-journal
   sqlite3 db test.db
   sqlite3 db2 test.db
   execsql {
@@ -1370,7 +1370,7 @@ do_test wal-19.4 {
 #
 do_test wal-20.1 {
   catch {db close}
-  file delete -force test.db test.db-wal test.db-journal
+  forcedelete test.db test.db-wal test.db-journal
   sqlite3 db test.db
   execsql {
     PRAGMA journal_mode = WAL;
@@ -1476,7 +1476,7 @@ foreach pgsz {512 1024 2048 4096 8192 16384 32768 65536} {
 #
 set walfile [file nativename [file join [pwd] test.db-wal]]
 catch {db close}
-file delete -force test.db
+forcedelete test.db
 do_test wal-23.1 {
   faultsim_delete_and_reopen
   execsql {
diff --git a/test/wal2.test b/test/wal2.test
index 97966cd94..51cfadd2d 100644
--- a/test/wal2.test
+++ b/test/wal2.test
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ foreach {tn iInsert res wal_index_hdr_mod wal_locks} "
 db close
 db2 close
 tvfs delete
-file delete -force test.db test.db-wal test.db-journal
+forcedelete test.db test.db-wal test.db-journal
 
 #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # This test case is very similar to the previous one, except, after
@@ -271,7 +271,7 @@ foreach {tn iInsert res0 res1 wal_index_hdr_mod} {
 db close
 db2 close
 tvfs delete
-file delete -force test.db test.db-wal test.db-journal
+forcedelete test.db test.db-wal test.db-journal
 
 
 if 0 {
@@ -344,7 +344,7 @@ do_test wal2-3.5 {
 } {0 0}
 db close
 tvfs delete
-file delete -force test.db test.db-wal test.db-journal
+forcedelete test.db test.db-wal test.db-journal
 
 }
 
@@ -441,7 +441,7 @@ tvfs delete
 #               connection silently remains in exclusive mode.
 #
 do_test wal2-6.1.1 {
-  file delete -force test.db test.db-wal test.db-journal
+  forcedelete test.db test.db-wal test.db-journal
   sqlite3 db test.db
   execsql {
     Pragma Journal_Mode = Wal;
@@ -484,7 +484,7 @@ do_test wal2-6.1.6 {
 db close
 
 do_test wal2-6.2.1 {
-  file delete -force test.db test.db-wal test.db-journal
+  forcedelete test.db test.db-wal test.db-journal
   sqlite3 db test.db
   execsql {
     Pragma Locking_Mode = Exclusive;
@@ -552,7 +552,7 @@ do_test wal2-6.2.9 {
 db close
 
 do_test wal2-6.3.1 {
-  file delete -force test.db test.db-wal test.db-journal
+  forcedelete test.db test.db-wal test.db-journal
   sqlite3 db test.db
   execsql {
     PRAGMA journal_mode = WAL;
@@ -597,7 +597,7 @@ db close
 # as expected when a WAL database is used with locking_mode=exclusive.
 #
 do_test wal2-6.4.1 {
-  file delete -force test.db test.db-wal test.db-journal
+  forcedelete test.db test.db-wal test.db-journal
   proc tvfs_cb {method args} {
     set ::shm_file [lindex $args 0]
     if {$method == "xShmLock"} { lappend ::locks [lindex $args 2] }
@@ -792,7 +792,7 @@ T delete
 # Test a theory about the checksum algorithm. Theory was false and this
 # test did not provoke a bug.
 #
-file delete -force test.db test.db-wal test.db-journal
+forcedelete test.db test.db-wal test.db-journal
 do_test wal2-7.1.1 {
   sqlite3 db test.db
   execsql {
@@ -803,8 +803,8 @@ do_test wal2-7.1.1 {
   file size test.db
 } {4096}
 do_test wal2-7.1.2 {
-  file copy -force test.db test2.db
-  file copy -force test.db-wal test2.db-wal
+  forcecopy test.db test2.db
+  forcecopy test.db-wal test2.db-wal
   hexio_write test2.db-wal 48 FF
 } {1}
 do_test wal2-7.1.3 {
@@ -814,7 +814,7 @@ do_test wal2-7.1.3 {
 } {}
 db close
 db2 close
-file delete -force test.db test.db-wal test.db-journal
+forcedelete test.db test.db-wal test.db-journal
 do_test wal2-8.1.2 {
   sqlite3 db test.db
   execsql {
@@ -870,7 +870,7 @@ testvfs tvfs
 tvfs script get_name
 tvfs filter xShmOpen
 
-file delete -force test.db test.db-wal test.db-journal
+forcedelete test.db test.db-wal test.db-journal
 do_test wal2-9.1 {
   sqlite3 db test.db -vfs tvfs
   execsql {
diff --git a/test/wal3.test b/test/wal3.test
index f7b55eb9b..ea5e70571 100644
--- a/test/wal3.test
+++ b/test/wal3.test
@@ -94,9 +94,9 @@ for {set i 1} {$i < 50} {incr i} {
   
   # Check that the file-system in its current state can be recovered.
   # 
-  file copy -force test.db test2.db
-  file copy -force test.db-wal test2.db-wal
-  file delete -force test2.db-journal
+  forcecopy test.db test2.db
+  forcecopy test.db-wal test2.db-wal
+  forcedelete test2.db-journal
   sqlite3 db2 test2.db
   do_test wal3-1.$i.5 {
     execsql { SELECT count(*) FROM t1 } db2
@@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ foreach {tn syncmode synccount} {
     lappend ::syncs [file tail $filename] $flags
   }
   do_test wal3-3.$tn {
-    file delete -force test.db test.db-wal test.db-journal
+    forcedelete test.db test.db-wal test.db-journal
   
     testvfs T
     T filter {} 
@@ -411,7 +411,7 @@ T delete
 catch {db close}
 testvfs T -default 1
 do_test wal3-6.1.1 {
-  file delete -force test.db test.db-journal test.db wal
+  forcedelete test.db test.db-journal test.db wal
   sqlite3 db test.db
   execsql { PRAGMA auto_vacuum = off }
   execsql { PRAGMA journal_mode = WAL }
@@ -492,7 +492,7 @@ db2 close
 db close
 
 do_test wal3-6.2.1 {
-  file delete -force test.db test.db-journal test.db wal
+  forcedelete test.db test.db-journal test.db wal
   sqlite3 db test.db
   sqlite3 db2 test.db
   execsql { PRAGMA auto_vacuum = off }
@@ -558,7 +558,7 @@ T delete
 catch {db close}
 testvfs T -default 1
 do_test wal3-7.1.1 {
-  file delete -force test.db test.db-journal test.db wal
+  forcedelete test.db test.db-journal test.db wal
   sqlite3 db test.db
   execsql {
     PRAGMA journal_mode = WAL;
@@ -615,7 +615,7 @@ T delete
 #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # 
 do_test wal3-8.1 {
-  file delete -force test.db test.db-journal test.db wal
+  forcedelete test.db test.db-journal test.db wal
   sqlite3 db test.db
   sqlite3 db2 test.db
   execsql {
@@ -709,7 +709,7 @@ T delete
 set nConn 50
 if { [string match *BSD $tcl_platform(os)] } { set nConn 25 }
 do_test wal3-9.0 {
-  file delete -force test.db test.db-journal test.db wal
+  forcedelete test.db test.db-journal test.db wal
   sqlite3 db test.db
   execsql {
     PRAGMA page_size = 1024;
diff --git a/test/wal4.test b/test/wal4.test
index 22ccfea72..c7a438134 100644
--- a/test/wal4.test
+++ b/test/wal4.test
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ do_test wal4-1.2 {
   # Save a copy of the file-system containing the wal and wal-index files 
   # only (no database file).
   faultsim_save_and_close
-  file delete -force sv_test.db
+  forcedelete sv_test.db
 } {}
 
 do_test wal4-1.3 {
diff --git a/test/walbak.test b/test/walbak.test
index fe5b99e1a..4224c5b48 100644
--- a/test/walbak.test
+++ b/test/walbak.test
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ do_test walbak-1.0 {
   }
 } {wal}
 do_test walbak-1.1 {
-  file delete -force bak.db bak.db-journal bak.db-wal
+  forcedelete bak.db bak.db-journal bak.db-wal
   db backup bak.db
   file size bak.db
 } [expr 3*1024]
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ proc sig {{db db}} {
   }
 }
 db close
-file delete test.db
+delete_file test.db
 sqlite3 db test.db
 do_test walbak-2.1 {
   execsql { PRAGMA journal_mode = WAL }
@@ -236,7 +236,7 @@ foreach {tn setup} {
   }
 
 } {
-  foreach f [glob -nocomplain test.db*] { file delete -force $f }
+  foreach f [glob -nocomplain test.db*] { forcedelete $f }
 
   eval $setup
 
diff --git a/test/walcksum.test b/test/walcksum.test
index b2c4a9053..08278dd05 100644
--- a/test/walcksum.test
+++ b/test/walcksum.test
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ foreach endian {big little} {
   #
   do_test walcksum-1.$endian.1 {
     catch { db close }
-    file delete -force test.db test.db-wal test.db-journal
+    forcedelete test.db test.db-wal test.db-journal
     sqlite3 db test.db
     execsql {
       PRAGMA page_size = 1024;
@@ -172,8 +172,8 @@ foreach endian {big little} {
       INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(21, 'twentyone');
     }
 
-    file copy -force test.db test2.db
-    file copy -force test.db-wal test2.db-wal
+    forcecopy test.db test2.db
+    forcecopy test.db-wal test2.db-wal
     db close
 
     list [file size test2.db] [file size test2.db-wal]
@@ -199,8 +199,8 @@ foreach endian {big little} {
     } {1}
   }
   do_test walcksum-1.$endian.4.1 {
-    file copy -force test2.db test.db
-    file copy -force test2.db-wal test.db-wal
+    forcecopy test2.db test.db
+    forcecopy test2.db-wal test.db-wal
     sqlite3 db test.db
     execsql { SELECT a FROM t1 }
   } {1 2 3 5 8 13 21}
@@ -248,8 +248,8 @@ foreach endian {big little} {
   # Now that both the recoverer and non-recoverer have added frames to the
   # log file, check that it can still be recovered.
   #
-  file copy -force test.db test2.db
-  file copy -force test.db-wal test2.db-wal
+  forcecopy test.db test2.db
+  forcecopy test.db-wal test2.db-wal
   do_test walcksum-1.$endian.7.11 {
     sqlite3 db3 test2.db
     execsql { 
@@ -294,7 +294,7 @@ foreach endian {big little} {
 # formatted (and can be recovered by a second process if required).
 #
 do_test walcksum-2.1 {
-  file delete -force test.db test.db-wal test.db-journal
+  forcedelete test.db test.db-wal test.db-journal
   sqlite3 db test.db
   execsql {
     PRAGMA synchronous = NORMAL;
@@ -322,8 +322,8 @@ do_test walcksum-2.1 {
     COMMIT;
   }
 
-  file copy -force test.db test2.db
-  file copy -force test.db-wal test2.db-wal
+  forcecopy test.db test2.db
+  forcecopy test.db-wal test2.db-wal
 
   sqlite3 db2 test2.db
   execsql {
@@ -340,7 +340,7 @@ catch { db2 close }
 # invalid as a result.
 #
 do_test walcksum-3.1 {
-  file delete -force test.db test.db-wal test.db-journal
+  forcedelete test.db test.db-wal test.db-journal
   sqlite3 db test.db
 
   execsql {
@@ -356,13 +356,13 @@ do_test walcksum-3.1 {
   file size test.db-wal
 } [wal_file_size 1 1024]
 do_test walcksum-3.2 {
-  file copy -force test.db-wal test2.db-wal
-  file copy -force test.db test2.db
+  forcecopy test.db-wal test2.db-wal
+  forcecopy test.db test2.db
   sqlite3 db2 test2.db
   execsql { SELECT a FROM t1 } db2
 } {1 2 3}
 db2 close
-file copy -force test.db test2.db
+forcecopy test.db test2.db
 
 
 foreach incr {1 2 3 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 253 254 255} {
@@ -370,7 +370,7 @@ foreach incr {1 2 3 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 253 254 255} {
     set FAIL 0
     for {set iOff 0} {$iOff < [wal_file_size 1 1024]} {incr iOff} {
 
-      file copy -force test.db-wal test2.db-wal
+      forcecopy test.db-wal test2.db-wal
       set fd [open test2.db-wal r+]
       fconfigure $fd -encoding binary
       fconfigure $fd -translation binary
diff --git a/test/walcrash.test b/test/walcrash.test
index 0ef21fff3..cfce5fed6 100644
--- a/test/walcrash.test
+++ b/test/walcrash.test
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ set REPEATS 100
 # walcrash-1.*
 #
 for {set i 1} {$i < $REPEATS} {incr i} {
-  file delete -force test.db test.db-wal
+  forcedelete test.db test.db-wal
   do_test walcrash-1.$i.1 {
     crashsql -delay 4 -file test.db-wal -seed [incr seed] {
       PRAGMA journal_mode = WAL;
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ for {set i 1} {$i < $REPEATS} {incr i} {
 # walcrash-2.*
 #
 for {set i 1} {$i < $REPEATS} {incr i} {
-  file delete -force test.db test.db-wal
+  forcedelete test.db test.db-wal
   do_test walcrash-2.$i.1 {
     crashsql -delay 4 -file test.db-wal -seed [incr seed] {
       PRAGMA journal_mode = WAL;
@@ -111,8 +111,8 @@ for {set i 1} {$i < $REPEATS} {incr i} {
 # walcrash-3.*
 #
 # for {set i 1} {$i < $REPEATS} {incr i} {
-#   file delete -force test.db test.db-wal
-#   file delete -force test2.db test2.db-wal
+#   forcedelete test.db test.db-wal
+#   forcedelete test2.db test2.db-wal
 # 
 #   do_test walcrash-3.$i.1 {
 #     crashsql -delay 2 -file test2.db-wal -seed [incr seed] {
@@ -143,8 +143,8 @@ for {set i 1} {$i < $REPEATS} {incr i} {
 # walcrash-4.*
 #
 for {set i 1} {$i < $REPEATS} {incr i} {
-  file delete -force test.db test.db-wal
-  file delete -force test2.db test2.db-wal
+  forcedelete test.db test.db-wal
+  forcedelete test2.db test2.db-wal
 
   do_test walcrash-4.$i.1 {
     crashsql -delay 3 -file test.db-wal -seed [incr seed] -blocksize 4096 {
@@ -171,8 +171,8 @@ for {set i 1} {$i < $REPEATS} {incr i} {
 # walcrash-5.*
 #
 for {set i 1} {$i < $REPEATS} {incr i} {
-  file delete -force test.db test.db-wal
-  file delete -force test2.db test2.db-wal
+  forcedelete test.db test.db-wal
+  forcedelete test2.db test2.db-wal
 
   do_test walcrash-5.$i.1 {
     crashsql -delay 11 -file test.db-wal -seed [incr seed] -blocksize 4096 {
@@ -212,8 +212,8 @@ for {set i 1} {$i < $REPEATS} {incr i} {
 # walcrash-6.*
 #
 for {set i 1} {$i < $REPEATS} {incr i} {
-  file delete -force test.db test.db-wal
-  file delete -force test2.db test2.db-wal
+  forcedelete test.db test.db-wal
+  forcedelete test2.db test2.db-wal
 
   do_test walcrash-6.$i.1 {
     crashsql -delay 12 -file test.db-wal -seed [incr seed] -blocksize 512 {
@@ -262,7 +262,7 @@ for {set i 1} {$i < $REPEATS} {incr i} {
 # based on the log file.
 #
 for {set i 1} {$i < $REPEATS} {incr i} {
-  file delete -force test.db test.db-wal
+  forcedelete test.db test.db-wal
 
   # Select a page-size for this test.
   #
diff --git a/test/walfault.test b/test/walfault.test
index 3a90f9c69..1b71d78a4 100644
--- a/test/walfault.test
+++ b/test/walfault.test
@@ -465,7 +465,7 @@ do_test walfault-13-pre-1 {
     COMMIT;
   }
   faultsim_save_and_close
-  file delete sv_test.db-shm
+  delete_file sv_test.db-shm
 } {}
 
 do_faultsim_test walfault-13.1 -prep {
diff --git a/test/walmode.test b/test/walmode.test
index 11113c6be..4e14d54d4 100644
--- a/test/walmode.test
+++ b/test/walmode.test
@@ -295,7 +295,7 @@ db close
 # loaded when sqlite3_prepare_v2() is called to compile the statement.
 #
 do_test walmode-7.0 {
-  file delete -force test.db
+  forcedelete test.db
   sqlite3 db test.db
   execsql {
     PRAGMA journal_mode = WAL;
diff --git a/test/walnoshm.test b/test/walnoshm.test
index de059dd5c..d4082178d 100644
--- a/test/walnoshm.test
+++ b/test/walnoshm.test
@@ -87,8 +87,8 @@ do_execsql_test 2.1.2 {
 } {exclusive wal}
 
 do_test 2.1.3 {
-  file copy -force test.db     test2.db
-  file copy -force test.db-wal test2.db-wal
+  forcecopy test.db     test2.db
+  forcecopy test.db-wal test2.db-wal
   sqlite3 db2 test2.db
   catchsql { SELECT * FROM t2 } db2
 } {1 {unable to open database file}}
@@ -104,8 +104,8 @@ do_test 2.1.5 {
 } {exclusive delete a b c d e f g h}
 
 do_test 2.2.1 {
-  file copy -force test.db     test2.db
-  file copy -force test.db-wal test2.db-wal
+  forcecopy test.db     test2.db
+  forcecopy test.db-wal test2.db-wal
   sqlite3 db3 test2.db -vfs tvfsshm
   sqlite3 db2 test2.db
   execsql { SELECT * FROM t2 } db3
diff --git a/test/walslow.test b/test/walslow.test
index d72695280..83f292281 100644
--- a/test/walslow.test
+++ b/test/walslow.test
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ ifcapable !wal {finish_test ; return }
 
 proc reopen_db {} {
   catch { db close }
-  file delete -force test.db test.db-wal
+  forcedelete test.db test.db-wal
   sqlite3 db test.db
   execsql { PRAGMA journal_mode = wal }
 }
@@ -53,9 +53,9 @@ for {set seed 1} {$seed<10} {incr seed} {
     } {ok}
 
     do_test walslow-1.seed=$seed.$iTest.3 {
-      file delete -force testX.db testX.db-wal
-      file copy test.db testX.db
-      file copy test.db-wal testX.db-wal
+      forcedelete testX.db testX.db-wal
+      copy_file test.db testX.db
+      copy_file test.db-wal testX.db-wal
   
       sqlite3 db2 testX.db
       execsql { PRAGMA journal_mode = WAL } db2
diff --git a/test/walthread.test b/test/walthread.test
index 9817c0e0f..cbd637185 100644
--- a/test/walthread.test
+++ b/test/walthread.test
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ proc do_thread_test {args} {
   puts "Running $P(testname) for $P(seconds) seconds..."
 
   catch { db close }
-  file delete -force test.db test.db-journal test.db-wal
+  forcedelete test.db test.db-journal test.db-wal
 
   sqlite3 db test.db
   eval $P(init)
@@ -508,12 +508,12 @@ do_thread_test walthread-5 -seconds $seconds(walthread-5) -init {
     COMMIT;
   }
 
-  file copy -force test.db-wal bak.db-wal
-  file copy -force test.db bak.db
+  forcecopy test.db-wal bak.db-wal
+  forcecopy test.db bak.db
   db close
 
-  file copy -force bak.db-wal test.db-wal
-  file copy -force bak.db test.db
+  forcecopy bak.db-wal test.db-wal
+  forcecopy bak.db test.db
 
   if {[file size test.db-wal] < [log_file_size [expr 64*1024] 1024]} {
     error "Somehow failed to create a large log file"